Continuité, changement et prédicteurs psychosociaux du camouflage chez les adultes autistes : étude de suivi à trois temps sur 2 ans

Titre original en anglais : Continuity, Change, and Psychosocial Predictors of Camouflaging in Autistic Adults: A Three-Time Point Follow-Up Study Over 2 Years

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

À propos de la mention auteur·ice autiste

Zhuang, S., Bougoure, M., Reddrop, S., Dean, L., Naragon-Gainey, K., Maybery, M., Tan, D. W., & Magiati, I. (2025). Continuity, Change, and Psychosocial Predictors of Camouflaging in Autistic Adults: A Three-Time Point Follow-Up Study Over 2 Years. Autism in Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1177/25739581251386126

Date de publication: 28/10/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 30/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 8 (12,5 %)

Résumé

Contexte : De nombreuses personnes autistes camouflent leurs traits autistiques afin de s'intégrer dans des environnements non autistes. Bien que des facteurs psychosociaux influencent le camouflage, son évolution et sa relation avec ces facteurs au fil du temps demeurent peu claires en raison du nombre limité d'études prospectives de suivi. Cette étude a examiné (a) la continuité et le changement du camouflage sur 2 ans, et (b) si des prédicteurs socioculturels au temps 1 (T1 : stigmatisation perçue, événements de vulnérabilité, rigidité-souplesse culturelle, et conception de soi indépendante et interdépendante) ainsi que des facteurs psychologiques au temps 2 (T2 : peur de l'évaluation négative [FNE], estime de soi et identité autiste) prédisaient le camouflage au temps 3 (T3). Méthodes : Les participants ont rempli en ligne, à trois temps sur 2 ans, des mesures auto-rapportées du camouflage et des expériences psychosociales. Parmi les 231 participants au T1, 135 ont complété le T2 et 104 ont complété le T3. Après le nettoyage des données et le traitement des données manquantes, l'échantillon final comprenait 226 adultes autistes (18–77 ans ; 60,6 % de femmes). Nous avons évalué la continuité et le changement à l'aide des scores moyens, des coefficients de corrélation intraclasse (ICC) et de la modélisation de croissance latente, et avons réalisé une analyse de parcours des prédicteurs psychosociaux antérieurs (T1 et T2) du camouflage ultérieur (T3). Résultats : Le camouflage a montré une stabilité considérable des classements individuels (ICC = 0,80–0,86) et des niveaux moyens de groupe, la modélisation de croissance suggérant une légère diminution globale. Le modèle de parcours des facteurs socioculturels au T1 et psychologiques au T2 expliquait 32,2 % de la variance du camouflage au T3. La FNE antérieure, l'identité autiste et les variables de conception de soi prédisaient le camouflage ultérieur, directement ou indirectement. Conclusion : Il s'agit de la première étude prospective examinant le camouflage sur 2 ans. Les résultats soulignent la stabilité globale du camouflage à l'âge adulte et le rôle des prédicteurs psychosociaux antérieurs dans le camouflage ultérieur, mettant l'accent sur la nécessité de prendre en compte les pressions socioculturelles et psychologiques exercées sur les personnes autistes. Les recherches futures pourraient utiliser l'évaluation écologique momentanée et des études à plus long terme afin d'explorer le camouflage dans différents contextes sociaux et à différentes étapes de la vie.

Background:Many autistic people camouflage their autistic traits to fit into non-autistic environments. While psychosocial factors influence camouflaging, its development and relationship with these factors over time remain unclear due to limited prospective follow-up studies. This study examined (a) continuity and change in camouflaging over 2 years, and (b) whether sociocultural predictors at Time 1 (T1: perceived stigma, vulnerability events, cultural tightness-looseness, and independent and interdependent self-construal) and psychological factors at Time 2 (T2: fear of negative evaluation [FNE], self-esteem, and autistic identity) predicted camouflaging at Time 3 (T3). Methods:Participants completed self-report measures of camouflaging and psychosocial experiences online at three time points across 2 years. Of 231 T1 participants, 135 completed T2, and 104 completed T3. After data cleaning and addressing missing data, the final sample included 226 autistic adults (18–77 years; 60.6% female). We assessed continuity and change using mean scores, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and latent growth modeling, and conducted a path analysis of earlier (T1 and T2) psychosocial predictors of later (T3) camouflaging. Results:Camouflaging showed considerable stability in individual rankings (ICCs = 0.80–0.86) and at group mean levels, with growth modeling suggesting a slight overall decline. The path model of T1 sociocultural and T2 psychological factors explained 32.2% of the variance in T3 camouflaging. Earlier FNE, autistic identity, and self-construal variables predicted later camouflaging, directly or indirectly. Conclusion:This is the first prospective study examining camouflaging over 2 years. Findings highlight the overall stability of camouflaging in adulthood and the role of earlier psychosocial predictors in later camouflaging, emphasizing the need to address sociocultural and psychological pressures on autistic people. Future research could use ecological momentary assessment and longer term studies to explore camouflaging across different social contexts and life stages.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 12/09/2026 18:16.

Références citées
115
Avec un DOI
110
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
5
22 / 115 (19,1 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
0 / 115 (0,0 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
115 / 115 (100,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
0
Sans titre structuré
0
Sans identifiant stable
5
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
625
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
625
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
258 / 625 (41,3 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 367 / 625 (58,7 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
33 / 625 (5,3 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 33 / 258 (12,8 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 23 / 479 (4,8 %).
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