Les expériences de masquage au travail d'adultes autistes, neurodivergents non autistes et neurotypiques au Royaume-Uni

Titre original en anglais : The workplace masking experiences of autistic, non-autistic neurodivergent and neurotypical adults in the UK

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Pryke-Hobbes, A., Davies, J., Heasman, B., Livesey, A., Walker, A. S., Pellicano, E., & Remington, A. (2023). The workplace masking experiences of autistic, non-autistic neurodivergent and neurotypical adults in the UK. PLOS ONE, 18(9), e0290001. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290001

Date de publication: 06/09/2023 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
7
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 7 (14,3 %)
  1. Amber Pryke-Hobbes
  2. Jade Davies
  3. Brett Heasman
  4. Adam Livesey *
  1. Amy S. Walker
  2. Elizabeth Pellicano
  3. Anna Remington

Résumé

Le masquage consiste à cacher ou à dissimuler ses propres traits lors des interactions sociales. Les recherches suggèrent que le masquage est particulièrement fréquent chez les personnes autistes, bien que de nombreuses personnes non autistes dissimulent également certains aspects de leur identité. Les recherches existantes ont identifié les principales motivations et conséquences du masquage. Cependant, aucune recherche à ce jour n'a examiné comment cela pourrait être affecté par le contexte social dans lequel le masquage est utilisé. Cette étude a comparé les expériences de masquage de 285 adultes autistes, 88 adultes neurodivergents non autistes et 99 adultes neurotypiques dans un contexte où le masquage devrait être très répandu, à savoir le lieu de travail. Nous avons utilisé une analyse thématique réflexive afin d'explorer les motivations, les conséquences et les différences contextuelles du masquage au travail par rapport à d'autres contextes sociaux. Le masquage au travail était considéré par les participants des trois groupes comme une réponse adaptative à un éventail de défis professionnels ancrés socialement et était généralement utilisé comme stratégie de protection contre la menace de conséquences sociales et professionnelles négatives. Nos participants neurodivergents non autistes et autistes ont toutefois déclaré subir des pressions particulières pour masquer, compte tenu de la compréhension limitée de la neurodiversité dans les lieux de travail et dans la société plus largement. Ces résultats ont des implications importantes pour la littérature plus large sur le masquage et pour les pratiques en milieu de travail.

Masking entails hiding or concealing one's traits during social interactions. Research suggests that masking is particularly common for autistic people, though many non-autistic people also conceal aspects of their identity. Existing research has identified the key motivations and consequences of masking. No research to date, however, has considered how this might be affected by the social context in which masking is employed. This study compared the masking experiences of 285 autistic, 88 non-autistic neurodivergent and 99 neurotypical adults within a context in which masking is expected to be highly prevalent, namely the workplace. We used reflexive thematic analysis to explore the motivations, consequences, and contextual differences of workplace masking compared to other social contexts. Workplace masking was considered by participants in all three groups to be an adaptive response to a range of socially grounded workplace challenges and was usually employed as a strategy to safeguard against the threat of negative social and employment outcomes. Our non-autistic neurodivergent and autistic participants, however, reported experiencing unique pressures to mask, given the limited understanding of neurodiversity in workplaces and society more broadly. These findings have important implications for the wider masking literature and for workplace practice.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
79
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
13 / 79 (16,5 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
17 / 306 (5,6 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 17 / 167 (10,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 10 / 235 (4,3 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
167 / 306 (54,6 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 103 / 235 (43,8 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
150 / 167 (89,8 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 150 / 306 (49,0 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 93 / 103 (90,3 %).
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