Une revue systématique du fait de se faire passer pour non-autiste dans le trouble du spectre de l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : A Systematic Review of Passing as Non-autistic in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Libsack, E. J., Keenan, E. G., Freden, C. E., Mirmina, J., Iskhakov, N., Krishnathasan, D., & Lerner, M. D. (2021). A Systematic Review of Passing as Non-autistic in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 24(4), 783-812. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-021-00365-1

Date de publication: 09/09/2021 Ajout dans AutiHub: 09/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
7
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 7 (14,3 %)
  1. Erin J. Libsack
  2. Elliot Gavin Keenan *
  3. Caroline E. Freden
  4. Julianne Mirmina
  1. Nathaniel Iskhakov
  2. Darsiya Krishnathasan
  3. Matthew D Lerner

Résumé

Bien que longtemps décrit dans des récits anecdotiques des expériences vécues par des personnes autistes, le phénomène consistant à se comporter de manière paraissant incompatible avec la présence de l'autisme (ou se faire passer pour non-autiste ; PAN) a récemment fait l'objet d'une augmentation spectaculaire de l'attention dans la littérature scientifique publiée. L'attention accrue de la recherche a coïncidé avec une prolifération de méthodes, de définitions, de mesures et d'hypothèses relatives aux populations associées au PAN. À ce jour, toutefois, aucune revue n'a cherché à identifier et à synthétiser systématiquement la littérature sur le PAN. Cette revue systématique reflète l'état de la littérature sur le PAN en mai 2020. Quatre-vingt-dix articles ont été examinés, 66 ont été retenus pour évaluation et 46 répondaient aux critères d'inclusion et ont été codés de manière fiable quant aux caractéristiques des études et aux caractéristiques des participants. Les résultats révèlent que la littérature sur le PAN comprend un mélange relativement équilibré d'études qualitatives, quantitatives et à méthodes mixtes, et qu'une variété de termes est utilisée pour le PAN (le masquage et le camouflage étant les plus fréquents). La taille des échantillons variait considérablement (d'un à 832 participants), 63,06 % des participants étant catégorisés comme autistes. Presque toutes les études ont rapporté des méthodes de confirmation des diagnostics d'autisme, les diagnostics communautaires et cliniques étant les plus fréquents. La majorité des études ont rapporté le genre des participants, avec en moyenne légèrement plus de femmes que d'hommes incluses, mais moins de la moitié de toutes les études ont comparé le PAN selon les genres. Presque toutes les études ont rapporté l'âge des participants, montrant une large étendue de 2 à 79 ans, avec un âge moyen de 23,85 ans. À l'inverse, seulement 23,91 % des études ont fourni des données sur la race ou l'origine ethnique des participants. Presque toutes les études ont formellement ou informellement exclu les participants présentant une déficience intellectuelle. Enfin, des mesures des symptômes d'internalisation, souvent considérés comme liés au PAN, n'ont été rapportées que dans 17,4 % des études. Les implications des lacunes dans la compréhension du PAN et les orientations futures du domaine sont examinées.

While long described in anecdotal accounts of the lived experiences of autistic individuals, the phenomenon of behaving in ways that appear inconsistent with the presence of autism (or passing as non-autistic; PAN) has recently seen a dramatic increase in scrutiny in the published scientific literature. Increased research attention has coincided with a proliferation of methods, definitions, measures, and population assumptions associated with PAN. To date, however, no review has sought to systematically identify and synthesize the literature on PAN. This systematic review reflects the state of the PAN literature as of May 2020. Ninety articles were screened, 66 were identified for evaluation, and 46 met inclusion criteria and were reliably coded for study characteristics and participant characteristics. Results reveal that the PAN literature includes a relatively even mix of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies, and that a variety of terms are used for PAN (with masking and camouflage being the most frequent). Sample sizes varied widely (from one to 832 participants), with 63.06% of participants being categorized as autistic. Nearly all studies reported methods for confirming autism diagnoses, with community and clinical diagnoses being most common. The majority of studies reported participant gender, with slightly more females included than males on average, but fewer than half of all studies compared PAN across genders. Nearly all studies reported participant age, demonstrating a wide range of 2 to 79 years, with a mean age of 23.85. Conversely, only 23.91% of studies provided participant race or ethnicity data. Nearly all studies formally or informally excluded participants with intellectual disability. Finally, measures of internalizing symptoms, which are often thought to be linked to PAN, were reported in only 17.4% of studies. Implications for gaps in understanding of PAN and future directions for the field are discussed.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
136
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
9 / 136 (6,6 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
12 / 679 (1,8 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 12 / 225 (5,3 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 10 / 531 (1,9 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
225 / 679 (33,1 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 134 / 531 (25,2 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
213 / 225 (94,7 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 213 / 679 (31,4 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 124 / 134 (92,5 %).
1 entrée de bibliographie citée n’a pas pu être entièrement enrichie à partir des métadonnées DOI.
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