« L’autisme, c’est moi » : une étude de la manière dont les personnes autistes donnent sens à l’autisme et à la stigmatisation

Titre original en anglais : "Autism is me": an investigation of how autistic individuals make sense of autism and stigma

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Botha, M., Dibb, B., & Frost, D. M. (2020). "Autism is me": an investigation of how autistic individuals make sense of autism and stigma. Disability & Society, 37(3), 427-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2020.1822782

Date de publication: 06/10/2020 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
3
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 3 (33,3 %)
  1. Monique Botha *
  2. Bridget Dibb
  3. David M. Frost

Résumé

Il existe de nombreuses perspectives différentes pour comprendre l’autisme. Ces perspectives peuvent chacune véhiculer différents niveaux de stigmatisation pour les personnes autistes. Cette étude qualitative visait à comprendre comment les personnes autistes donnent sens à leur propre autisme et vivent la stigmatisation associée à l’autisme. L’étude a utilisé des outils de théorisation ancrée critique. Les participants (N = 20) ont décrit l’autisme comme étant central à leur identité et faisant partie intégrante de qui ils sont. Alors que les participants considéraient l’autisme comme neutre en termes de valeur, ils ont exprimé que la société attribue des significations négatives à l’autisme et, par conséquent, à eux-mêmes. Les résultats indiquent également que différentes compréhensions de l’autisme confèrent différents niveaux de stigmatisation. Les participants ont exprimé une exposition constante à la stigmatisation et ont géré cette stigmatisation de différentes manières. Ces méthodes comprenaient le recadrage vers des compréhensions plus positives de l’autisme, la réappropriation du langage, ainsi que l’utilisation stratégique de la dissimulation et de la divulgation. Les implications de ces résultats sont examinées plus en détail dans l’article. Points d’intérêt : Les participants autistes à la recherche considèrent leur autisme comme neutre en termes de valeur, à l’instar de toute autre caractéristique telle que la race ou la couleur des cheveux. Les participants estiment que la société considère leur autisme comme une mauvaise caractéristique à avoir. Les participants ont éprouvé des difficultés face à la tension entre la manière dont ils se voient eux-mêmes et la manière dont ils pensent que la société les voit. Les participants sont pris entre le fait de révéler qu’ils sont autistes et celui de le dissimuler, mais estiment être traités négativement dans les deux cas. Les participants utilisent le mot « autiste » pour réapproprier l’autisme face à la stigmatisation et pour recadrer les compréhensions que les gens ont de l’autisme afin qu’elles soient moins négatives.

There are many different perspectives for understanding autism. These perspectives may each convey different levels of stigma for autistic individuals. This qualitative study aimed to understand how autistic individuals make sense of their own autism and experience the stigma attached to autism. The study used critical grounded theory tools. Participants (N = 20) discussed autism as central to their identity, and integral to who they are. While participants thought of autism as value neutral, they expressed how society confers negative meanings onto autism, and thus, them. The findings also indicate that different understandings of autism confer different levels of stigma. Participants expressed constant exposure to stigma and managed this stigma in different ways. Such methods included reframing to more positive understandings of autism, the reclamation of language, and using concealment and disclosure strategically. The implications of these findings are discussed further in the article.Points of interestAutistic research participants consider their autism to be value neutral – akin to any other feature like race or hair colour.Participants feel that society sees their autism as being a bad trait to have.Participants struggled with the tension in how they see themselves, versus how they believe society sees them.Participants are caught between disclosing that they are autistic and concealing it, but feel they are treated negatively either way.Participants use the word “autistic” to reclaim autism from stigma, and to reframe peoples understandings of autism to be less negative.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
115
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
10 / 115 (8,7 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
13 / 270 (4,8 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 13 / 69 (18,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 9 / 239 (3,8 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
69 / 270 (25,6 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 51 / 239 (21,3 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
56 / 69 (81,2 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 56 / 270 (20,7 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 42 / 51 (82,4 %).
1 entrée de bibliographie citée n’a pas pu être entièrement enrichie à partir des métadonnées DOI.
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