Passer du trouble à la différence : une revue systématique de l’usage récent du langage dans la recherche sur l’autisme

Titre original en anglais : Moving from Disorder to Difference: A Systematic Review of Recent Language Use in Autism Research

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Bottini, S., Morton, H. E., Buchanan, K. A., & Gould, K. (2023). Moving from Disorder to Difference: A Systematic Review of Recent Language Use in Autism Research. Autism in Adulthood, 6(2), 128-140. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2023.0030

Date de publication: 06/09/2023 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source OpenAlex Source éditeur (DOI) Texte intégral

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Summer Bottini
  2. Hannah E. Morton *
  3. Kelly A. Buchanan
  4. Kait Gould

Résumé

Contexte : Le paradigme de la neurodiversité considère l'autisme comme une différence neurologique qui est invalidante dans le contexte sociétal, s'éloignant de la vision médicale traditionnelle d'un trouble. Plusieurs publications récentes recommandent l'utilisation d'un langage alternatif d'affirmation de la neurodiversité (ANL) au lieu du langage médical traditionnel (TML), dans le but d'accroître l'acceptation des personnes autistes et de réduire les préjugés. L'examen de l'utilisation du langage dans la littérature récente sur l'autisme, y compris selon les caractéristiques des revues et des études, peut offrir un aperçu de l'influence de ces recommandations et du discours actuel sur le handicap. Méthodes : Une revue systématique a été menée selon les directives Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) dans la recherche sur l'autisme de 2021 (n = 2322 articles ; 394 revues). Les articles ont été codés selon le sujet, les participants et l'utilisation de l'autoévaluation. Les revues ont été codées selon le sujet, la région géographique et les directives linguistiques. L'utilisation de la terminologie a été extraite à l'aide du logiciel QDA Miner. Résultats : De nombreux articles utilisaient principalement le TML, un sous-ensemble plus restreint utilisant principalement l'ANL. Une corrélation positive a été observée entre l'utilisation de l'ANL et la date de publication. Davantage d'ANL était associé aux articles portant sur les traits autistiques, la diversité, l'équité et l'inclusion (DEI), ou le parcours de vie, et qui incluaient des adultes autistes ou des autoévaluations de personnes autistes. Davantage d'ANL a également été observé dans les revues d'Australasie ou d'Europe, ou dans celles qui disposaient de directives de langage centré sur l'identité (IFL). Moins d'ANL (davantage de TML) était associé aux articles portant sur la biologie/les causes ou le traitement et qui incluaient des parents autistes ou non autistes, des jeunes autistes, des frères et soeurs, ou d'autres groupes cliniques, et qui étaient publiés dans des revues médicales. Conclusion : Le TML continue de dominer largement les choix linguistiques dans la recherche sur l'autisme, avec une évolution émergente vers l'ANL dans la littérature récente. L'augmentation de l'ANL peut être facilitée par les recommandations linguistiques des revues et des articles. Le langage d'affirmation de la neurodiversité était également plus probable dans les articles portant sur des sujets prioritaires pour la communauté autiste, qui incluaient des adultes autistes, et peut également être motivé par des différences culturelles. Les chercheurs et les praticiens devraient prendre en compte la possibilité que leur utilisation du langage ait un impact sur les perceptions individuelles et sociétales des personnes autistes.

Background: The neurodiversity paradigm positions autism as a neurological difference that is disabling in the societal context, shifting away from the traditional medical view of a disorder. Several recent publications recommend use of alternative neuro-affirming language (ANL) instead of traditional medical language (TML) with the aim to increase acceptance of autistic people and reduce prejudice. Examining language use within recent autism literature, including by journal and study characteristics, may offer insight into the influence of these recommendations and current disability discourse. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in autism research from 2021 (n = 2322 articles; 394 journals). Articles were coded according to topic, participants, and use of self-report. Journals were coded by topic, geographic region, and language guidelines. Terminology use was extracted using QDA Miner software. Results: Many articles primarily used TML with a smaller subset primarily using ANL. There was a positive correlation between ANL use and publication date. More ANL was associated with articles on topics of autistic traits, diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), or lifespan and that included autistic adults or autistic self-report. More ANL was also found in journals from Australasia or Europe or those that had identify-first language (IFL) guidelines. Less ANL (more TML) was associated with articles on biology/causes or treatment and that included autistic or non-autistic parents, autistic youth, siblings, or other clinical groups, and were published in medical journals. Conclusion: TML continues to largely dominate language choices in autism research, with an emerging shift toward ANL in recent literature. Increased ANL may be facilitated by journal and article language recommendations. Neuro-affirming language was also more likely in articles on topics prioritized by the autistic community, that included autistic adults, and may also be driven by cultural differences. Researchers and practitioners should consider the potential for their language use to impact individual and societal views of autistic people.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
106
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
28 / 106 (26,4 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
46 / 423 (10,9 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 46 / 193 (23,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 29 / 366 (7,9 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
193 / 423 (45,6 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 138 / 366 (37,7 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
147 / 193 (76,2 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 147 / 423 (34,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 109 / 138 (79,0 %).
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