Éviter le langage capacitiste : suggestions pour les chercheurs sur l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : Avoiding Ableist Language: Suggestions for Autism Researchers

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Bottema-Beutel, K., Kapp, S. K., Lester, J. N., Sasson, N., & Hand, B. N. (2020). Avoiding Ableist Language: Suggestions for Autism Researchers. Autism in Adulthood, 3(1), 18-29. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2020.0014

Date de publication: 03/09/2020 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source éditeur (DOI) Source OpenAlex

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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 5 (20,0 %)
  1. Kristen Bottema-Beutel
  2. Steven K. Kapp *
  3. Jessica Nina Lester
  4. Noah Sasson
  5. Brittany N. Hand

Résumé

Dans ce commentaire, nous décrivons comment le langage utilisé pour communiquer au sujet de l'autisme dans une grande partie de la recherche sur l'autisme peut refléter et perpétuer des idéologies capacitistes (c'est-à-dire des croyances et pratiques qui discriminent les personnes en situation de handicap), que les chercheurs aient ou non l'intention de produire de tels effets. Nous nous appuyons largement sur les travaux universitaires de personnes autistes sur ce sujet, ainsi que sur la recherche et la théorie issues des études sur le handicap et de l'analyse du discours, pour définir le capacitisme et sa manifestation dans les pratiques linguistiques, fournir un aperçu historique du langage capacitiste utilisé pour décrire l'autisme, et examiner les appels de chercheurs autistes et de personnes non spécialistes à adopter d'autres façons de parler et d'écrire. Enfin, nous proposons plusieurs pistes précises pour aider les chercheurs sur l'autisme à réfléchir à leurs choix linguistiques et à les ajuster. Résumé grand public : Le langage est un moyen puissant de façonner la manière dont les personnes perçoivent l'autisme. Si les chercheurs prennent des mesures pour éviter le langage capacitiste, les chercheurs, les prestataires de services et la société dans son ensemble pourraient devenir plus acceptants et plus accommodants envers les personnes autistes.

In this commentary, we describe how language used to communicate about autism within much of autism research can reflect and perpetuate ableist ideologies (i.e., beliefs and practices that discriminate against people with disabilities), whether or not researchers intend to have such effects. Drawing largely from autistic scholarship on this subject, along with research and theory from disability studies and discourse analysis, we define ableism and its realization in linguistic practices, provide a historical overview of ableist language used to describe autism, and review calls from autistic researchers and laypeople to adopt alternative ways of speaking and writing. Finally, we provide several specific avenues to aid autism researchers in reflecting on and adjusting their language choices. Lay summary: Language is a powerful means for shaping how people view autism. If researchers take steps to avoid ableist language, researchers, service providers, and society at large may become more accepting and accommodating of autistic people.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 17:07.

Références citées
136
Avec un DOI
89
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
43
24 / 136 (17,6 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
28 / 136 (20,6 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
109 / 136 (80,1 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
27
Sans titre structuré
27
Sans identifiant stable
39
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
25
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
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Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
311
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
311
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
26
155 / 311 (49,8 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 156 / 311 (50,2 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
40 / 311 (12,9 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 40 / 155 (25,8 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 28 / 258 (10,9 %).
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