La langue compte dans les journaux britanniques : une analyse participative du corpus de presse Autism UK

Titre original en anglais : Language Matters in British Newspapers: A Participatory Analysis of the Autism UK Press Corpus

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Karaminis, T., Botha, M., Longley, S., Waldock, K. E., Storey, S., Strachan, K., Ransom, N., & Pellicano, E. (2024). Language Matters in British Newspapers: A Participatory Analysis of the Autism UK Press Corpus. Autism in Adulthood, 7(6), 698-711. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2023.0105

Date de publication: 27/05/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source OpenAlex Source éditeur (DOI) Texte intégral

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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 8 (25,0 %)
  1. Themis Karaminis
  2. Monique Botha *
  3. Sophie Longley
  4. Krysia Emily Waldock *
  1. Soph Storey
  2. Khiah Strachan
  3. Nick Ransom
  4. Elizabeth Pellicano

Résumé

Contexte : Le langage employé autour de l’autisme joue un rôle crucial dans la formation des attitudes du public envers les personnes autistes. L’utilisation d’un langage centré sur l’identité plutôt que d’un langage centré sur la personne, ainsi que les références impersonnelles à l’autisme, peuvent affecter la manière dont les personnes autistes sont perçues. Ces facteurs devraient avoir une incidence sur la représentation des personnes autistes dans les journaux, où des représentations négatives et stéréotypées sont souvent perpétuées. Méthode : Nous avons demandé à cinq personnes autistes d’évaluer le sentiment à l’égard de l’autisme et des personnes autistes dans 1 000 citations tirées de journaux britanniques (2011-2020). Les codeurs, qui ne connaissaient ni le titre du journal ni la date de publication, ont rendu leurs jugements sur la base de deux dimensions, la chaleur et la compétence, issues du Modèle du contenu des stéréotypes (SCM). Nous avons examiné les jugements globaux de chaleur et de compétence et pris en compte les variations du contexte linguistique et de la terminologie, telles que l’utilisation de références impersonnelles à l’autisme ou d’un langage centré sur l’identité et centré sur la personne. Nous avons également examiné les différences potentielles entre les journaux de qualité et les tabloïds, les journaux orientés à gauche et à droite, ainsi que les changements au fil du temps. Résultats : La majorité des citations issues des journaux britanniques relevaient d’une zone de faible chaleur et de faible compétence au sein du SCM. En outre, les références impersonnelles à l’autisme tendaient à recevoir des évaluations plus faibles de chaleur et de compétence que les références reliant l’autisme à une personne, tandis que le langage centré sur l’identité était jugé plus élevé en chaleur et en compétence que le langage centré sur la personne. Les citations des journaux de qualité se sont vu attribuer une chaleur similaire et une compétence légèrement supérieure à celles des citations des tabloïds. Toutefois, les journaux orientés à gauche et à droite ne différaient pas en matière de chaleur et de compétence, et les changements au fil du temps étaient incohérents. Conclusion : Notre étude confirme que la représentation des personnes autistes dans les journaux britanniques tend à être négative. Selon les évaluateurs autistes, associer l’autisme à une personne et utiliser un langage centré sur l’identité sont liés à des représentations plus positives. Bien que nous ayons constaté de subtiles variations du sentiment liées au style de couverture médiatique, notre étude montre peu de progrès au fil du temps vers des représentations plus positives.

Background: Language around autism plays a crucial role in shaping public attitudes toward autistic people. The use of identity-first versus person-first language and impersonal references to autism can affect how autistic people are perceived. These factors should impact the representation of autistic people in newspapers, where negative and stereotypical representations are often perpetuated. Method: We asked five autistic people to judge the sentiment toward autism and autistic people in 1000 quotes from British newspapers (2011-2020). The coders, who did not know the newspaper title and time of publication, made their judgments based on two dimensions, warmth and competence, from the Stereotype Content Model (SCM). We examined the overall judgments of warmth and competence and considered variations in language context and terminology, such as the use of impersonal references to autism or identity-first and person-first language. We also examined potential differences between broadsheets and tabloids, left- and right-leaning newspapers, and changes over time. Results: The majority of quotes from British newspapers fell under a low warmth and low competence area within SCM. Furthermore, impersonal references to autism tended to be rated lower in warmth and competence than references linking autism to an individual, whereas identity-first language was judged higher in warmth and competence than person-first language. Quotes from broadsheets were assigned similar warmth and slightly higher competence than quotes from tabloids. However, left-leaning and right-leaning papers did not differ regarding warmth and competence, and there were inconsistent changes over time. Conclusion: Our study confirms that the portrayal of autistic people in British newspapers tends to be negative. According to autistic raters, associating autism with a person and using identity-first language are linked to more positive representations. Although we found subtle variations in sentiment related to reporting style, our study shows little progress over time toward more positive portrayals.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
84
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
21 / 84 (25,0 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
66 / 329 (20,1 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 66 / 185 (35,7 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 55 / 283 (19,4 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
185 / 329 (56,2 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 149 / 283 (52,7 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
119 / 185 (64,3 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 119 / 329 (36,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 94 / 149 (63,1 %).
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