« Un groupe de compagnons de route qui comprennent » : entretiens avec des personnes autistes sur le soutien par les pairs après le diagnostic à l’âge adulte
Titre original en anglais : “A Group of Fellow Travellers Who Understand”: Interviews With Autistic People About Post-diagnostic Peer Support in Adulthood
Crompton, C. J., Hallett, S., McAuliffe, C., Stanfield, A. C., & Fletcher‐Watson, S. (2022). “A Group of Fellow Travellers Who Understand”: Interviews With Autistic People About Post-diagnostic Peer Support in Adulthood. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 831628-831628. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.831628
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Auteurs
Résumé
Recevoir un diagnostic d’autisme à l’âge adulte peut être un événement qui change la vie, ayant un impact sur l’identité, les relations et la santé mentale. Un manque de soutien après le diagnostic a été mis en évidence par des adultes autistes, leurs alliés, des cliniciens et des prestataires de services. Il peut être une source de détresse pour les adultes autistes, renforçant les sentiments d’isolement social et de rejet. Le soutien par les pairs pourrait constituer un modèle rentable, flexible et durable pour fournir un soutien communautaire aux adultes autistes. Cependant, il existe peu de recherches sur la valeur du soutien par les pairs, malgré les appels de la communauté autiste. Cette étude qualitative a exploré les expériences et les besoins des personnes autistes après le diagnostic, en identifiant des façons spécifiques dont le soutien par les pairs peut leur être bénéfique et en explorant les limites du soutien par les pairs. Douze adultes autistes ayant tous reçu un diagnostic d’autisme à l’âge adulte ont réalisé un entretien semi-structuré portant sur l’expérience diagnostique, le soutien nécessaire et fourni après le diagnostic, l’engagement auprès de la communauté autiste et le soutien par les pairs après le diagnostic. L’analyse thématique des transcriptions d’entretiens a abouti à quatre thèmes : (1) inadéquation entre le soutien nécessaire et le soutien fourni ; (2) connexion communautaire ; (3) soutien flexible et personnalisé ; et (4) durabilité. Les participants ont indiqué que le soutien par les pairs peut constituer un mécanisme utile pour soutenir les adultes autistes après le diagnostic et offre des possibilités uniques qui ne sont pas disponibles par d’autres canaux de soutien. Bien qu’un soutien informel par les pairs existe, il pourrait être plus durable et plus efficace s’il était bien soutenu et financé.
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