L’appariement du neurotype, mais non le fait d’être autiste, influence les évaluations par soi-même et par les observateurs du rapport interpersonnel

Titre original en anglais : Neurotype-Matching, but Not Being Autistic, Influences Self and Observer Ratings of Interpersonal Rapport

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Crompton, C. J., Sharp, M., Axbey, H., Fletcher-Watson, S., Flynn, E. G., & Ropar, D. (2020). Neurotype-Matching, but Not Being Autistic, Influences Self and Observer Ratings of Interpersonal Rapport. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 586171-586171. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.586171

Date de publication: 23/10/2020 Ajout dans AutiHub: 08/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
6
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 6 (16,7 %)
  1. Catherine J. Crompton
  2. Martha Sharp
  3. Harriet Axbey *
  1. Sue Fletcher-Watson
  2. Emma G. Flynn
  3. Danielle Ropar

Résumé

Le probleme de la double empathie suggere que les difficultes de communication entre les personnes autistes et non autistes sont dues a des differences bidirectionnelles dans le style de communication et a un manque reciproque de comprehension. Si cela est vrai, il devrait y avoir une plus grande similitude du style d'interaction, entrainant un rapport plus eleve lors des interactions entre des paires du meme neurotype. Nous presentons ici deux tests empiriques du rapport, dont les donnees revelent si le rapport evalue par soi-meme et par des observateurs varie selon la concordance ou la discordance du statut autistique au sein d'une paire. Ces donnees offrent egalement l'occasion d'examiner l'effet du statut autistique de l'evaluateur sur le rapport percu entre des paires concordantes et discordantes. Dans l'etude 1, 72 participants ont ete repartis dans l'une des trois conditions de dyades : paires autistes (n = 24), paires non autistes (n = 24) et paires mixtes (n = 12 autistes ; n = 12 non autistes). Chaque participant a realise trois interactions semi-structurees avec son partenaire, en evaluant le rapport apres chaque interaction. Les paires non autistes ont rapporte un rapport auto-evalue plus eleve que les paires mixtes et autistes, et les paires autistes ont rapporte un rapport plus eleve que les paires mixtes. Dans l'etude 2 (n = 80), des observateurs autistes et non autistes ont evalue le rapport interactionnel en regardant des interactions filmees entre des paires autistes, des paires non autistes et des paires mixtes (n = 18, un sous-ensemble des participants de l'etude 1). Les paires mixtes ont recu des evaluations de rapport significativement plus faibles que les paires autistes et non autistes, et les paires autistes ont recu des evaluations de rapport plus elevees que les paires non autistes. Les observateurs autistes comme non autistes presentent des profils similaires dans leur evaluation du rapport des paires autistes, non autistes et mixtes. En resume, les personnes autistes connaissent un rapport interactionnel eleve lorsqu'elles interagissent avec d'autres personnes autistes, et cela est egalement detecte par des observateurs externes. Plutot que de connaitre un faible rapport dans tous les contextes, les evaluations de rapport des personnes autistes sont influencees par une discordance de diagnostic. Ces resultats suggerent que les personnes autistes possedent un mode distinct de style d'interaction sociale, plutot que de presenter des deficits de competences sociales. Ces donnees sont examinees en termes de leurs implications pour les theories psychologiques de l'autisme, ainsi que de leur impact pratique sur les pratiques educatives et cliniques.

The Double Empathy Problem suggests that communicative difficulties between autistic and non-autistic people are due to bi-directional differences in communicative style and a reciprocal lack of understanding. If true, there should be increased similarity in interaction style, resulting in higher rapport during interactions between pairs of the same neurotype. Here, we provide two empirical tests of rapport, with data revealing whether self- and observer- rated rapport varies depending on the match or mismatch in autism status within a pair. An additional opportunity afforded by these data is to examine the effect of the autism status of the rater on the perceived rapport between matched and mismatched pairs. In Study 1 72 participants were allocated to one of three dyad conditions: autistic pairs (n = 24), non-autistic pairs (n = 24) and mixed pairs (n = 12 autistic; n = 12 non-autistic). Each participant completed three semi-structured interactions with their partner, rating rapport after each interaction. Non-autistic pairs experienced higher self-rated rapport than mixed and autistic pairs, and autistic pairs experienced higher rapport than mixed pairs. In Study 2 (n = 80) autistic and non-autistic observers rated interactional rapport while watching videoed interactions between autistic pairs, non-autistic pairs, and mixed pairs (n = 18, a subset of participants in Study 1). Mixed pairs were rated significantly lower on rapport than autistic and non-autistic pairs, and autistic pairs were rated more highly for rapport than non-autistic pairs. Both autistic and non-autistic observers show similar patterns in how they rate the rapport of autistic, non-autistic, and mixed pairs. In summary, autistic people experience high interactional rapport when interacting with other autistic people, and this is also detected by external observers. Rather than autistic people experiencing low rapport in all contexts, their rapport ratings are influenced by a mismatch of diagnosis. These findings suggest that autistic people possess a distinct mode of social interaction style, rather than demonstrating social skills deficits. These data are considered in terms of their implications for psychological theories of autism, as well as practical impact on educational and clinical practice.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 17:07.

Références citées
75
Avec un DOI
69
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
6
12 / 75 (16,0 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
3 / 75 (4,0 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
74 / 75 (98,7 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
1
Sans titre structuré
3
Sans identifiant stable
6
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
222
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
222
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
106 / 222 (47,7 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 116 / 222 (52,3 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
15 / 222 (6,8 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 15 / 106 (14,2 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 11 / 175 (6,3 %).
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