L’autisme et le « problème de la double empathie »

Titre original en anglais : Autism and the ‘double empathy problem’

Milton, D., Waldock, K. E., & Keates, N. (2023). Autism and the ‘double empathy problem’. In Conversations on Empathy (pp. 78-97). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003189978-6

Date de publication: 04/01/2023 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Chapitre de livre Langue de l’article: Anglais

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
3
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 3 (66,7 %)

Résumé

S’appuyant à la fois sur l’expérience personnelle d’être autiste et d’être parent d’un enfant autiste, ainsi que sur la théorie et des recherches interdisciplinaires pertinentes, ce chapitre explore quelques questions, en soutenant qu’une telle manière de concevoir l’autisme et l’empathie est profondément problématique. Les définitions de l’empathie renvoient à un éventail d’états cognitifs et subjectifs, souvent, comme l’indique Baron-Cohen, divisés entre empathie « cognitive » et « affective ». Contrairement à la psychopathie et au narcissisme, qui sont souvent caractérisés comme résultant de déficits d’empathie affective, l’autisme a été associé à un déficit d’empathie cognitive. Milton suggère que les relations de pouvoir qui peuvent se former entre les personnes autistes et les psych-professionnels, qui peuvent considérer leurs « patients » comme manquant de socialisation, d’empathie, de compétence morale, et même de pleine humanité, peuvent produire des formes d’invalidation psycho-émotionnelle, limitant non seulement ce que les personnes peuvent faire, mais aussi ce qu’elles peuvent être et devenir.

Drawing upon both personal experience of being autistic and a parent to an autistic child, as well as theory and relevant interdisciplinary research, this chapter explores few questions, arguing that such a way of framing autism and empathy is deeply problematic. Definitions of empathy relate to a breadth of cognitive and subjective states, often as Baron-Cohen indicates, split into ‘cognitive’ and ‘affective’ empathy. In contrast to psychopathy and narcissism, which are often characterised as resulting from deficits in affective empathy, autism have been linked to a deficit in cognitive empathy. Milton suggests that the power relationships that can form between autistic people and psych-professionals who may see their ‘patients’ as lacking in socialisation, empathy, moral competency, and even full humanity can produce forms of psycho-emotional disablement, constraining not only what people can do but also what they can be and become.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
89
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
19 / 89 (21,3 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
28 / 256 (10,9 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 28 / 114 (24,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 19 / 206 (9,2 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
114 / 256 (44,5 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 72 / 206 (35,0 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
86 / 114 (75,4 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 86 / 256 (33,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 53 / 72 (73,6 %).
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