Une étude transdiagnostique de l'attention, de l'hyperfocalisation et du monotropisme dans l'autisme, le développement de l'hyperactivité avec dérégulation attentionnelle et la population générale

Titre original en anglais : A trans-diagnostic investigation of attention, hyper-focus, and monotropism in autism, attention dysregulation hyperactivity development, and the general population

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». trois auteur·ices de cette publication sont identifié·es comme autistes dans le projet.

À propos de la mention auteur·ice autiste

Dwyer, P., Williams, Z. J., Lawson, W., & Rivera, S. M. (2024). A trans-diagnostic investigation of attention, hyper-focus, and monotropism in autism, attention dysregulation hyperactivity development, and the general population. Neurodiversity, 2. https://doi.org/10.1177/27546330241237883

Date de publication: 01/01/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
3 / 4 (75,0 %)

Résumé

L'hypothèse du monotropisme postule que l'hyperfocalisation sur les intérêts est centrale dans la cognition autistique ; de plus, l'hyperfocalisation est fréquente dans le développement de l'hyperactivité avec dérégulation attentionnelle (ADHD). Cependant, l'ADHD est en partie défini par une susceptibilité à la distraction, et la recherche a mis en évidence une capture attentionnelle dans l'autisme. Nous avons étudié l'hyperfocalisation dans l'autisme et l'ADHD, sa relation avec l'inattention, et si elle est liée à la qualité de vie, à l'hypervigilance, à la pensée répétitive négative et aux symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression. 492 adultes (122 avec ADHD uniquement, 130 autistes uniquement, 141 autistes + ADHD et 99 participants de comparaison) ont rempli des questionnaires évaluant l'hyperfocalisation dans plusieurs domaines, l'inattention et la valence de leurs expériences d'hyperfocalisation. L'hyperfocalisation et l'inattention étaient élevées dans tous les groupes neurodivergents et étaient positivement corrélées, ce qui implique qu'une régulation atypique de l'attention, se manifestant parfois par l'hyperfocalisation et parfois par l'inattention, est un phénomène transdiagnostique. L'hyperfocalisation prédisait une moins bonne qualité de vie globale, davantage d'hypervigilance, davantage de pensée répétitive négative et davantage de symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression ; cependant, les expériences positives d'hyperfocalisation ont médiatisé une relation indirecte entre l'hyperfocalisation et une meilleure qualité de vie, atténuant partiellement l'association négative globale. En effet, les participants neurodivergents ont non seulement rapporté davantage d'expériences négatives d'hyperfocalisation que les témoins, mais aussi davantage d'expériences positives. Des études ultérieures pourraient explorer les facteurs contextuels influençant le fait que l'hyperfocalisation ait des effets positifs ou négatifs sur la vie quotidienne.

The monotropism hypothesis posits that hyper-focus on interests is core to autistic cognition; moreover, hyper-focus is common in attention dysregulation hyperactivity development (ADHD). However, ADHD is partly defined by susceptibility to distraction, and research has found evidence of attention capture in autism. We investigated hyper-focus in autism and ADHD, its relationship to inattention, and whether it is related to quality of life, hypervigilance, negative repetitive thinking, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. 492 adults (122 ADHD-only, 130 autistic-only, 141 autistic + ADHD, and 99 comparison) completed questionnaires indexing hyper-focus in multiple domains, inattention, and the valence of their hyper-focus experiences. Hyper-focus and inattention were elevated in all neurodivergent groups, and were positively correlated, implying that atypical regulation of attention, sometimes manifesting in hyper-focus and sometimes in inattention, is a trans-diagnostic phenomenon. Hyper-focus predicted poorer global quality of life, more hypervigilance, more negative repetitive thinking, and more symptoms of anxiety and depression; however, positive experiences of hyper-focus mediated an indirect relationship between hyper-focus and greater quality of life, partially attenuating the overall negative association. Indeed, neurodivergent participants not only reported more negative experiences of hyper-focus than controls, but also more positive experiences. Further studies could explore contextual factors influencing whether hyper-focus has positive or negative impacts on daily life.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 14:00.

Références citées
146
Avec un DOI
112
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
33
16 / 146 (11,0 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
23 / 146 (15,8 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
135 / 146 (92,5 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
11
Sans titre structuré
21
Sans identifiant stable
33
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
9
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
737
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
737
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
24
167 / 737 (22,7 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 570 / 737 (77,3 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
26 / 737 (3,5 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 26 / 167 (15,6 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 22 / 708 (3,1 %).
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