Identification au mouvement de la neurodiversite et pertinence percue des termes utilises pour decrire l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : Neurodiversity Movement Identification and Perceived Appropriateness of Terms Used to Describe Autism

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Dwyer, P., Hersh, L. H., Kapp, S. K., Rivera, S. M., & Gillespie-Lynch, K. (2025). Neurodiversity Movement Identification and Perceived Appropriateness of Terms Used to Describe Autism. Autism in Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2024.0297

Date de publication: 22/04/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 5 (40,0 %)
  1. Patrick Dwyer *
  2. Lynnette H. Hersh
  3. Steven K. Kapp *
  4. Susan M. Rivera
  5. Kristen Gillespie-Lynch

Résumé

Contexte : La terminologie de l'autisme est tres controversee. Le debat concernant le langage centre sur la personne et le langage centre sur l'identite est particulierement bien etudie, mais la presente etude explore les points de vue sur differents termes couramment utilises pour decrire l'autisme, tels que « trouble », « handicap » et « difference ». En outre, contrairement aux etudes precedentes, cette etude explore comment les points de vue sur la terminologie sont lies a l'identification au mouvement de la neurodiversite (NDM). Methodes : Nous avons recueilli des donnees d'enquete utilisables aupres de 475 participants, dont 271 etaient autistes et 204 etaient des personnes non autistes interessees (p. ex., membres de la famille, professionnels). Les participants ont evalue la pertinence percue de 13 termes comme descripteurs de l'autisme. Ils ont egalement indique s'ils avaient entendu parler de la neurodiversite et du modele social ; si oui, ils ont respectivement complete une breve mesure de l'identification au NDM et/ou repondu a un item evaluant le soutien au modele social. Resultats : Globalement, les participants ont evalue les termes « condition », « developpemental », « handicap », « difference », « neurodivers », « neurodivergent », « neurominorite » et « neurotype » comme plus appropries que neutres, tandis que « deficit », « trouble », « maladie », « psychopathologie » et « syndrome » etaient consideres comme inappropries. Plus les participants s'identifiaient fortement au NDM, plus ils evalueaient les termes « neurodivers », « neurodivergent », « neurominorite » et « neurotype » comme appropries ; toutefois, ils evalueaient « condition », « deficit », « trouble », « maladie » et « syndrome » comme moins appropries. Chez les personnes non autistes seulement, la pertinence percue de « developpemental » diminuait avec l'augmentation de l'identification a la neurodiversite. Chez les participants autistes seulement, la pertinence percue de « handicap » augmentait avec une plus forte identification a la neurodiversite. Conclusion : Les participants autistes et non autistes de cette etude ont tous deux fortement prefere les termes alignes sur la neurodiversite, tels que « neurodivergent » et « difference », aux termes traditionnels supposant une pathologie et une deficience. Les participants approuvaient egalement generalement le terme « handicap », en particulier les participants autistes s'identifiant au NDM, ce qui concorde avec la reconnaissance par le NDM des forces et des defis lies a l'autisme. Bien que nous ne puissions exclure un biais d'echantillon, nos donnees suggerent un consensus emergent en faveur de discussions sur l'autisme de manieres positives ou descriptives neutres, ou par la reconnaissance des defis de maniere non derogatoire.

Background: Autism terminology is highly controversial. The debate regarding person-first and identity-first language is particularly well-studied, but the present study explores views on different terms commonly used to describe autism, such as “disorder,” “disability,” and “difference.” Furthermore, unlike prior studies, this study explores how terminology views are related to identification with the neurodiversity movement (NDM). Methods: We collected usable survey data from 475 participants, 271 of whom were autistic and 204 of whom were non-autistic interested parties (e.g., family members, professionals). Participants rated perceived appropriateness of 13 terms as descriptors of autism. They also indicated whether they had heard of neurodiversity and the social model; if yes, they respectively completed a brief measure of NDM identification and/or answered an item rating support for the social model. Results: Overall, participants rated the terms “condition,” “developmental,” “disability,” “difference,” “neurodiverse,” “neurodivergent,” “neurominority,” and “neurotype” as more appropriate than neutral, whereas “deficit,” “disorder,” “illness,” “psychopathology,” and “syndrome” were seen as inappropriate. As participants identified more strongly with the NDM, they rated the terms “neurodiverse,” “neurodivergent,” “neurominority,” and “neurotype” as more appropriate; however, they rated “condition,” “deficit,” “disorder,” “illness,” and “syndrome” as less appropriate. In non-autistic people only, perceived appropriateness of “developmental” decreased with increasing neurodiversity identification. In autistic participants only, perceived appropriateness of “disability” increased with greater neurodiversity identification. Conclusion: Both autistic and non-autistic participants in this study robustly preferred neurodiversity-aligned terms, such as “neurodivergent” and “difference,” to traditional terms assuming pathology and deficiency. Participants also generally approved of the term “disability,” particularly autistic participants identifying with the NDM, aligning with the NDM’s recognition of both autism-related strengths and challenges. Although we cannot rule out sample bias, our data suggest an emerging consensus supporting discussion of autism in positive or neutrally descriptive ways or through acknowledging challenges in a nonderogatory manner.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
82
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
22 / 82 (26,8 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
35 / 187 (18,7 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 35 / 110 (31,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 20 / 160 (12,5 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
110 / 187 (58,8 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 83 / 160 (51,9 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
75 / 110 (68,2 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 75 / 187 (40,1 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 63 / 83 (75,9 %).
1 entrée de bibliographie citée n’a pas pu être entièrement enrichie à partir des métadonnées DOI.
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