Identification au mouvement de la neurodiversite et pertinence percue des termes utilises pour decrire l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : Neurodiversity Movement Identification and Perceived Appropriateness of Terms Used to Describe Autism

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». deux auteur·ices de cette publication sont identifié·es comme autistes dans le projet.

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Dwyer, P., Hersh, L. H., Kapp, S. K., Rivera, S. M., & Gillespie-Lynch, K. (2025). Neurodiversity Movement Identification and Perceived Appropriateness of Terms Used to Describe Autism. Autism in Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2024.0297

Date de publication: 22/04/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source éditeur (DOI) Source OpenAlex

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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 5 (40,0 %)
  1. Patrick Dwyer *
  2. Lynnette H. Hersh
  3. Steven K. Kapp *
  4. Susan M. Rivera
  5. Kristen Gillespie-Lynch

Résumé

Contexte : La terminologie de l'autisme est tres controversee. Le debat concernant le langage centre sur la personne et le langage centre sur l'identite est particulierement bien etudie, mais la presente etude explore les points de vue sur differents termes couramment utilises pour decrire l'autisme, tels que « trouble », « handicap » et « difference ». En outre, contrairement aux etudes precedentes, cette etude explore comment les points de vue sur la terminologie sont lies a l'identification au mouvement de la neurodiversite (NDM). Methodes : Nous avons recueilli des donnees d'enquete utilisables aupres de 475 participants, dont 271 etaient autistes et 204 etaient des personnes non autistes interessees (p. ex., membres de la famille, professionnels). Les participants ont evalue la pertinence percue de 13 termes comme descripteurs de l'autisme. Ils ont egalement indique s'ils avaient entendu parler de la neurodiversite et du modele social ; si oui, ils ont respectivement complete une breve mesure de l'identification au NDM et/ou repondu a un item evaluant le soutien au modele social. Resultats : Globalement, les participants ont evalue les termes « condition », « developpemental », « handicap », « difference », « neurodivers », « neurodivergent », « neurominorite » et « neurotype » comme plus appropries que neutres, tandis que « deficit », « trouble », « maladie », « psychopathologie » et « syndrome » etaient consideres comme inappropries. Plus les participants s'identifiaient fortement au NDM, plus ils evalueaient les termes « neurodivers », « neurodivergent », « neurominorite » et « neurotype » comme appropries ; toutefois, ils evalueaient « condition », « deficit », « trouble », « maladie » et « syndrome » comme moins appropries. Chez les personnes non autistes seulement, la pertinence percue de « developpemental » diminuait avec l'augmentation de l'identification a la neurodiversite. Chez les participants autistes seulement, la pertinence percue de « handicap » augmentait avec une plus forte identification a la neurodiversite. Conclusion : Les participants autistes et non autistes de cette etude ont tous deux fortement prefere les termes alignes sur la neurodiversite, tels que « neurodivergent » et « difference », aux termes traditionnels supposant une pathologie et une deficience. Les participants approuvaient egalement generalement le terme « handicap », en particulier les participants autistes s'identifiant au NDM, ce qui concorde avec la reconnaissance par le NDM des forces et des defis lies a l'autisme. Bien que nous ne puissions exclure un biais d'echantillon, nos donnees suggerent un consensus emergent en faveur de discussions sur l'autisme de manieres positives ou descriptives neutres, ou par la reconnaissance des defis de maniere non derogatoire.

Background: Autism terminology is highly controversial. The debate regarding person-first and identity-first language is particularly well-studied, but the present study explores views on different terms commonly used to describe autism, such as “disorder,” “disability,” and “difference.” Furthermore, unlike prior studies, this study explores how terminology views are related to identification with the neurodiversity movement (NDM). Methods: We collected usable survey data from 475 participants, 271 of whom were autistic and 204 of whom were non-autistic interested parties (e.g., family members, professionals). Participants rated perceived appropriateness of 13 terms as descriptors of autism. They also indicated whether they had heard of neurodiversity and the social model; if yes, they respectively completed a brief measure of NDM identification and/or answered an item rating support for the social model. Results: Overall, participants rated the terms “condition,” “developmental,” “disability,” “difference,” “neurodiverse,” “neurodivergent,” “neurominority,” and “neurotype” as more appropriate than neutral, whereas “deficit,” “disorder,” “illness,” “psychopathology,” and “syndrome” were seen as inappropriate. As participants identified more strongly with the NDM, they rated the terms “neurodiverse,” “neurodivergent,” “neurominority,” and “neurotype” as more appropriate; however, they rated “condition,” “deficit,” “disorder,” “illness,” and “syndrome” as less appropriate. In non-autistic people only, perceived appropriateness of “developmental” decreased with increasing neurodiversity identification. In autistic participants only, perceived appropriateness of “disability” increased with greater neurodiversity identification. Conclusion: Both autistic and non-autistic participants in this study robustly preferred neurodiversity-aligned terms, such as “neurodivergent” and “difference,” to traditional terms assuming pathology and deficiency. Participants also generally approved of the term “disability,” particularly autistic participants identifying with the NDM, aligning with the NDM’s recognition of both autism-related strengths and challenges. Although we cannot rule out sample bias, our data suggest an emerging consensus supporting discussion of autism in positive or neutrally descriptive ways or through acknowledging challenges in a nonderogatory manner.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 01:40.

Références citées
82
Avec un DOI
53
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
29
24 / 82 (29,3 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
24 / 82 (29,3 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
58 / 82 (70,7 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
24
Sans titre structuré
24
Sans identifiant stable
29
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
24
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
1
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
187
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
187
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
31
125 / 187 (66,8 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 62 / 187 (33,2 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
38 / 187 (20,3 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 38 / 125 (30,4 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 23 / 159 (14,5 %).
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