L’expérience des professionnels autistes travaillant dans les domaines de la santé et de l’éducation : une revue systématique

Titre original en anglais : The Experience of Autistic Professionals Working in Health and Education: A Systematic Review

Curnow, E., Maciver, D., Meff, T., Muggleton, J., Johnston, L., Gray, A., Day, H., Kourti, M., Utley, I., & Rutherford, M. (2025). The Experience of Autistic Professionals Working in Health and Education: A Systematic Review. Autism in Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1177/25739581251392464

Date de publication: 04/12/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
10
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 10 (10,0 %)

Résumé

Contexte : Des services de santé et d’éducation inclusifs nécessitent des professionnels diversifiés pour éclairer la prestation de services répondant aux besoins d’une population diversifiée. Il est nécessaire de réduire les inégalités en matière d’emploi et de développer des services publics neuroaffirmatifs. Cela exige une meilleure compréhension des difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les professionnels neurodivergents, ainsi que des solutions éclairées par l’expérience vécue. Méthodes : Cette revue systématique a exploré la littérature évaluée par les pairs décrivant les expériences de formation, de recrutement et d’emploi de professionnels autistes travaillant dans les services de santé et d’éducation. Les chercheurs ont suivi les directives Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Les chercheurs ont effectué leur dernière recherche dans les bases de données, qui comprenaient Medline, CINAHL et PsycINFO, en octobre 2024. Les études éligibles présentaient des données décrivant les expériences de professionnels autistes de la santé ou de l’éducation en emploi ou en formation, publiées en anglais au cours des 15 dernières années. Les chercheurs ont évalué la qualité des études à l’aide du Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Les chercheurs ont synthétisé les données à l’aide d’une approche narrative. L’équipe de recherche a reçu un financement du gouvernement écossais. Les chercheurs ont enregistré le protocole de recherche a priori auprès de PROSPERO #CRD42023483391. Résultats : Les chercheurs ont recensé 14 études décrivant les expériences de 529 professionnels autistes travaillant dans la santé ou l’éducation, bien que des études imbriquées aient exploré des sous-ensembles des mêmes populations de participants. Les participants ont décrit des besoins, des différences et des stratégies d’adaptation liés au travail, en rapport avec des environnements inadaptés, la stigmatisation, la discrimination à la suite de la divulgation et un soutien incohérent. Ils ont indiqué qu’une approche neuroaffirmative était utile, mais ont également utilisé des stratégies pour gérer leur santé mentale, notamment prendre du temps libre, utiliser des congés et, dans certains cas, démissionner complètement de leurs postes. Certains participants appréciaient leur travail et estimaient avoir une meilleure compréhension des patients et des apprenants autistes. Conclusions : Les institutions doivent mettre en oeuvre des politiques qui attribuent l’obligation de rendre compte et la responsabilité de mettre en oeuvre et de maintenir des aménagements raisonnables et d’accroître l’accessibilité. La flexibilité et l’acceptation sont essentielles à la création d’un lieu de travail inclusif.

Background: Inclusive health and education services require diverse professionals to inform service delivery, which meet the needs of a diverse population. There is a need to reduce inequalities in employment, and to develop neuro-affirming public services. This requires enhanced understanding of the challenges facing neurodivergent professionals, and solutions informed by lived experience. Methods: This systematic review explored peer-reviewed literature describing the training, recruitment, and employment experiences of autistic professionals working in health and education services. Researchers followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Researchers last searched databases, which included Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, in October 2024. Eligible studies presented data describing the experiences of autistic health or education professionals in employment or training, published in English within the last 15 years. Researchers appraised study quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Researchers synthesized data using a narrative approach. The research team received funding from the Scottish Government. Researchers registered the research protocol a priori with PROSPERO #CRD42023483391. Results: Researchers retrieved 14 studies describing the experiences of 529 autistic professionals working in health or education, although nested studies explored subsets of the same participant populations. Participants described work-related needs, differences, and coping strategies relating to unsuitable environments, stigma, discrimination following disclosure, and inconsistent support. They reported that a neuro-affirming approach was helpful but also used strategies to manage their mental health, including taking time off, using leave, and in some cases resigning from posts altogether. Some participants enjoyed their work and felt they had enhanced understanding of autistic patients and learners. Conclusions: Institutions need to implement policies that assign accountability and responsibility for implementing and maintaining reasonable adjustments and increasing accessibility. Flexibility and acceptance are key to creating an inclusive workplace.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
76
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
16 / 76 (21,1 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
28 / 325 (8,6 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 28 / 128 (21,9 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 16 / 263 (6,1 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
128 / 325 (39,4 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 81 / 263 (30,8 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
100 / 128 (78,1 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 100 / 325 (30,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 65 / 81 (80,2 %).
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