Les expériences des médecins autistes lors de leur transition vers la pratique clinique au Royaume-Uni : une étude phénoménologique

Titre original en anglais : The Experiences of Autistic Doctors Transitioning into Clinical Practice in the UK: A Phenomenological Study

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». deux auteur·ices de cette publication sont identifié·es comme autistes dans le projet.

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Keenan, J., Doherty, M., & Shaw, S. C. (2026). The Experiences of Autistic Doctors Transitioning into Clinical Practice in the UK: A Phenomenological Study. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2025.2608185

Date de publication: 13/01/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
3
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 3 (66,7 %)
  1. Joy Keenan
  2. Mary Doherty *
  3. Sebastian C.K. Shaw *

Résumé

Les médecins autistes apportent des contributions précieuses aux soins de santé, mais font face à des difficultés telles que la gestion de la nature imprévisible des soins de santé et des interactions difficiles avec les collègues. Des changements de vie importants, tels que le passage d'étudiant en médecine à médecin résident, peuvent être stressants pour les personnes autistes. Aucune recherche n'a encore examiné comment les médecins autistes vivent et donnent un sens à la transition cruciale entre étudiant en médecine et médecin qualifié, ce que cette étude vise à faire. Nous avons utilisé une approche phénoménologique interprétative pour cette étude, en menant des entretiens qualitatifs entre octobre 2024 et février 2025, que nous avons ensuite analysés à l'aide d'une analyse phénoménologique interprétative. Les participants étaient des médecins basés au Royaume-Uni, recrutés par l'intermédiaire des groupes de soutien en ligne Autistic Medical Students ou Autistic Doctors International. L'approbation éthique a été obtenue auprès du Brighton and Sussex Medical School Research Governance and Ethics Committee. Cinq personnes ont participé à l'étude, et nous avons identifié cinq thèmes expérientiels de groupe (GET). Les participants se sentaient impuissants en raison d'un système régi par la chance (GET 1), dans lequel leurs stages et leur soutien étaient imprévisibles, leur laissant peu de contrôle ou de capacité d'action. Ce sentiment d'impuissance (GET 2) était aggravé par une culture médicale qui semblait ne pas correspondre à leurs identités de médecins autistes et leur donnait le sentiment d'être subordonnés et exclus du reste de l'équipe médicale. Cela a conduit à des tentatives de reprendre le contrôle (GET 3) en gérant soigneusement leur identité, en restant hypervigilants aux dynamiques sociales et en abaissant leurs attentes. Cependant, cela a entraîné des conflits internes, de l'épuisement et des sacrifices dans leur vie personnelle pour survivre dans ce système (GET 4), amenant les participants à avoir des difficultés à concilier leur identité professionnelle (GET 5) avec les attentes qui leur étaient imposées. Cette étude met en évidence que la transition vers un environnement de travail peut être stressante pour les médecins autistes nouvellement qualifiés et que les environnements de travail peuvent involontairement exacerber cette expérience en perturbant des stratégies d'adaptation développées de longue date, en poussant les personnes autistes à masquer leurs caractéristiques et en augmentant le stress et l'isolement. Il est essentiel de créer des environnements qui valorisent la diversité et soutiennent les besoins des médecins autistes afin qu'ils puissent s'épanouir.

Autistic doctors bring valuable contributions to healthcare but face challenges like managing healthcare's unpredictable nature and difficult colleague interactions. Significant life changes, such as the shift from medical student to resident doctor, can be stressful for autistic people. No research yet has examined how autistic doctors experience and make sense of the critical transition from medical student to qualified doctor, which is what this study aims to do. We utilised an interpretive phenomenological approach for this study, conducting qualitative interviews between October 2024 and February 2025 that we subsequently analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Participants were UK-based doctors recruited through the Autistic Medical Students or the Autistic Doctors International online support groups. Ethical approval was obtained from the Brighton and Sussex Medical School Research Governance and Ethics Committee. Five people took part in the study, and we identified five Group Experiential Themes (GETs). Participants felt powerless due to a system driven by luck (GET 1), where their placements and support were unpredictable, leaving them with little control or agency. This feeling of powerlessness (GET 2) was compounded by a medical culture that felt misaligned with their identities as autistic doctors and made them feel subordinated and excluded from the rest of the medical team. This led to attempts to claw back control (GET 3) by carefully managing their identity, staying hypervigilant of social dynamics, and lowering their expectations. However, this led to internal conflict, exhaustion, and sacrifices in their personal lives to survive in this system (GET 4), leading participants to struggle to reconcile their professional identity (GET 5) with the expectations placed on them. This study highlights how transitioning into a work environment can be stressful for newly qualified autistic doctors and how work environments can inadvertently exacerbate this experience by disrupting long-developed coping strategies, pressuring autistic people to mask and increasing stress and isolation. Creating environments that embrace diversity and support autistic doctors' needs is vital for them to thrive.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 17:07.

Références citées
92
Avec un DOI
81
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
11
26 / 92 (28,3 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
7 / 92 (7,6 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
85 / 92 (92,4 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
7
Sans titre structuré
7
Sans identifiant stable
11
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
7
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
280
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
280
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
10
132 / 280 (47,1 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 148 / 280 (52,9 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
60 / 280 (21,4 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 60 / 132 (45,5 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 33 / 248 (13,3 %).
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