Outils différents, résultats différents : comparaison des méthodes d'évaluation du harcèlement chez les jeunes autistes et atteints de TDAH

Titre original en anglais : Different Tools, Different Results: Comparing Methods for Bullying Assessment in Autistic and ADHD Youth

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Morton, H. E., Bottini, S., McVey, A. J., Gillis, J. M., & Romanczyk, R. G. (2025). Different Tools, Different Results: Comparing Methods for Bullying Assessment in Autistic and ADHD Youth. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-06938-1

Date de publication: 26/06/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 5 (20,0 %)
  1. Hannah E. Morton *
  2. Summer Bottini
  3. Alana J. McVey
  4. Jennifer M Gillis
  5. Raymond G. Romanczyk

Résumé

Les jeunes autistes et atteints de TDAH sont exposés à un risque accru de victimisation par les pairs et, par la suite, à de mauvais résultats scolaires et de santé mentale. Pourtant, les interventions contre le harcèlement ont eu un succès limité dans ces groupes, potentiellement en raison de la variabilité des méthodes d'évaluation du harcèlement entre les études. De plus, les outils généraux validés pour des échantillons communautaires peuvent ne pas saisir les expériences uniques de victimisation de ces jeunes. Cette étude a évalué la concordance et la sensibilité de trois méthodes d'évaluation du harcèlement - une évaluation à item unique, l'Olweus Bullying Questionnaire (OBQ) et l'Assessment of Bullying Experiences (ABE) spécifique au handicap - et a examiné les différences entre les groupes en matière de risque de victimisation. Les aidants de 516 jeunes autistes, atteints de TDAH et issus de la communauté ont complété les trois évaluations du harcèlement. La concordance entre les mesures a été examinée globalement et au sein des groupes à l'aide du pourcentage de concordance, du kappa de Cohen et des tests de McNemar. Des modèles de régression logistique ont été utilisés pour évaluer les différences entre les groupes dans la classification du harcèlement au sein de chaque mesure. La concordance entre l'OBQ et l'ABE était modérée globalement, mais plus faible dans chacun des groupes autisme et TDAH. L'évaluation à item unique a sous-estimé la prévalence du harcèlement par rapport aux questionnaires à items multiples et n'a pas non plus détecté de différences entre les groupes. Les jeunes atteints de TDAH étaient près de trois fois plus susceptibles d'être victimes de harcèlement que les jeunes issus de la communauté lorsqu'ils étaient mesurés à la fois par l'ABE (OR = 2.81 ; IC à 95 % [1.34, 5.92]) et l'OBQ (OR = 2.76 ; IC à 95 % [1.37, 5.57]), tandis qu'une vulnérabilité accrue chez les jeunes autistes présentant un TDAH concomitant n'était identifiée que par l'ABE (OR = 2.34 ; IC à 95 % [1.42, 3.85]). Les résultats soulignent les limites des évaluations à item unique et des mesures générales pour saisir le harcèlement spécifique au handicap. En incluant des comportements spécifiques au handicap, l'ABE offre une plus grande sensibilité pour évaluer le harcèlement chez les jeunes autistes et atteints de TDAH. L'intégration de cadres guidés par la théorie pourrait encore améliorer les approches d'évaluation et d'intervention visant à comprendre et à traiter le risque de harcèlement chez les jeunes autistes et atteints de TDAH.

Autistic and ADHD youth face heightened risk of peer victimization and subsequent poor educational and mental health outcomes. Yet, bullying interventions have had limited success in these groups, potentially due to variability in bullying assessment methods across studies. Additionally, general tools validated for community samples may fail to capture the unique victimization experiences of these youth. This study evaluated the agreement and sensitivity of three bullying assessment methods-a single-item assessment, the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire (OBQ), and the disability-specific Assessment of Bullying Experiences (ABE)-and examined group differences in victimization risk. Caregivers of 516 autistic, ADHD, and community youth completed all three bullying assessments. Agreement across measures was examined overall and within groups using percent agreement, Cohen's kappa and McNemar's tests. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate group differences in bullying classification within each measure. Agreement between the OBQ and ABE was moderate overall, but weaker in each of the autism and ADHD groups. The single-item assessment underestimated bullying prevalence compared to multi-item questionnaires and also failed to detect any between-group differences. Youth with ADHD were nearly three times more likely to be bulled compared to community youth when measured by both the ABE (OR = 2.81; 95% CI [1.34, 5.92]) and the OBQ (OR = 2.76; 95% CI [1.37, 5.57]) whereas increased vulnerability for autistic youth with co-occurring ADHD was only identified by the ABE (OR = 2.34; 95% CI [1.42, 3.85]). Findings highlight the limitations of single-item assessments and general measures in capturing disability-specific bullying. By including disability-specific behaviors, the ABE provides greater sensitivity for assessing bullying in autistic and ADHD youth. Integrating theory-driven frameworks may further improve assessment and intervention approaches for understanding and addressing bullying risk in autistic and ADHD youth.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
100
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
11 / 100 (11,0 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
17 / 360 (4,7 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 17 / 79 (21,5 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 10 / 321 (3,1 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
79 / 360 (21,9 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 58 / 321 (18,1 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
62 / 79 (78,5 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 62 / 360 (17,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 48 / 58 (82,8 %).
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