Expériences des étudiants autistes dans l'enseignement postsecondaire : une revue des revues
Titre original en anglais : Experiences of Autistic Students in Postsecondary Education: A Review of Reviews
Ames, M. E., Sihoe, C. E., Coombs, E. C., Foreman, S., Punt, K., Singh, V., Stack, T., & McMorris, C. A. (2025). Experiences of Autistic Students in Postsecondary Education: A Review of Reviews. Autism in Adulthood, 7(4), 367-385. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2024.0131
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Auteurs
Résumé
Contexte : Le nombre d'étudiants autistes s'inscrivant dans l'enseignement postsecondaire augmente, parallèlement à une augmentation de la recherche et des revues qui en découlent (c.-à-d. méta-analyses, revues systématiques et de portée) décrivant les expériences des étudiants autistes du postsecondaire. Nous résumons l'état actuel de la littérature en décrivant les caractéristiques (p. ex., année de publication, usage de la langue), en évaluant la qualité et en cartographiant les domaines et les résultats des revues examinant les étudiants autistes du postsecondaire afin d'orienter les futures directions de cette recherche. Méthodes : Les lignes directrices Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses pour les revues systématiques et les méta-analyses ont été suivies. Les revues étaient incluses si elles étaient : (1) publiées entre janvier 2000 et décembre 2023 ; (2) centrées sur des étudiants du postsecondaire ayant reçu un diagnostic d'autisme ou s'identifiant eux-mêmes comme autistes ; et (3) centrées sur les expériences d'étudiants autistes dans des contextes postsecondaires. Conformément à d'autres revues de revues, les articles ont été codés pour la qualité, y compris le biais de publication. Une analyse thématique a été utilisée pour extraire les thèmes des revues. Résultats : Sur 1575 articles, 26 revues publiées ont été incluses. Plus de la moitié des revues ont été publiées au cours des 5 dernières années (c.-à-d. à partir de 2019 ; k = 14 ; 54 %) et étaient des revues systématiques ou de portée (k = 20 ; 77 %), tandis que la moitié ont été menées par des chercheurs des États-Unis. La qualité des revues systématiques ou de portée (k = 20) était majoritairement acceptable ; toutefois, seules trois évaluaient le biais de publication et huit évaluaient la qualité des études. Six thèmes ont été élaborés à partir des informations codées identifiant les lacunes, les principaux résultats et les forces des revues, comme suit : (1) la nécessité d'une rigueur méthodologique ; (2) la nécessité de soutiens individualisés fondés sur des données probantes ; (3) la nécessité de considérer les étudiants autistes comme une population hétérogène ayant des expériences académiques diverses ; (4) la nécessité de comprendre les facteurs non académiques influençant les expériences académiques ; (5) des recherches traitant des lacunes pertinentes ou les mettant en évidence ; et (6) des recherches guidées par l'expérience vécue et des cadres. Conclusions : Nous résumons les principaux résultats de la littérature actuelle et formulons des recommandations pertinentes pour faire progresser la recherche sur l'autisme dans l'enseignement postsecondaire.
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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie
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