« Une combinaison de tout » : une approche mixte des facteurs que les personnes autistes considèrent comme importants dans la suicidalité

Titre original en anglais : “A Combination of Everything”: A Mixed-Methods Approach to the Factors that Autistic People Consider Important in Suicidality

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Moseley, R., Marsden, S. J., Allison, C., Parsons, T., Cassidy, S., Procyshyn, T. L., Pelton, M., Weir, E. M., Chikaura, T., Mosse, D., Hall, I., Owens, L., Cheyette, J., Crichton, D., Rodgers, J., Hodges, H., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2026). “A Combination of Everything”: A Mixed-Methods Approach to the Factors that Autistic People Consider Important in Suicidality. Autism in Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1177/25739581251371393

Date de publication: 02/02/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
17
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 17 (5,9 %)
  1. Rachel Moseley *
  2. Sarah J Marsden
  3. Carrie Allison
  4. Tracey Parsons
  5. Sarah Cassidy
  6. Tanya L Procyshyn
  1. Mirabel Pelton
  2. Elizabeth M Weir
  3. Tanatswa Chikaura
  4. David Mosse
  5. Ian Hall
  6. Lewis Owens
  1. Jon Cheyette
  2. David Crichton
  3. Jacqui Rodgers
  4. Holly Hodges
  5. Simon Baron-Cohen

Résumé

Contexte : Le suicide est une cause majeure de décès chez les personnes autistes, mais il est insuffisamment expliqué par des théories élaborées dans des populations non autistes. Les perceptions des personnes autistes concernant les facteurs sous-jacents aux expériences suicidaires sont essentielles pour orienter la compréhension conceptuelle, l’évaluation du risque, ainsi que les politiques et la pratique clinique vers la prévention du suicide. Méthodes : Nous avons recruté 1369 participants autistes pour une enquête en ligne conçue en consultation avec des personnes autistes. Les participants comprenaient 326 hommes cisgenres, 718 femmes cisgenres et 325 personnes transgenres ou de genre divergent, âgées de 16 à 89 ans. Nous leur avons demandé d’évaluer l’importance de 19 facteurs contribuant à leurs pensées et sentiments suicidaires, et de fournir leurs propres explications concernant des facteurs supplémentaires s’ils le souhaitaient. Parallèlement à l’analyse thématique de ces données qualitatives, nous avons examiné si les évaluations des facteurs contributifs différaient selon l’âge et le genre, et si ces évaluations prédisaient statistiquement les niveaux de suicidalité au cours de la vie. Résultats : La solitude, les sentiments d’inutilité ou d’échec, le désespoir et la maladie mentale étaient les facteurs contributifs aux pensées et sentiments suicidaires les mieux évalués, en particulier par les femmes autistes et les minorités de sexe/genre ; les évaluations différaient également selon l’âge. Les réponses qualitatives indiquaient la complexité de la suicidalité, le statut autiste influençant à la fois la nature des facteurs de stress (par exemple, la stigmatisation sociétale) et les états cognitivo-émotionnels (par exemple, se sentir déconnecté en se sentant différent des autres) identifiés par les participants. Une plus grande importance perçue du harcèlement, des difficultés d’accès au soutien et de traumatismes passés caractérisait les participants ayant connu des projets ou des tentatives de suicide. Conclusion : Bien que certaines des expériences et des états mentaux identifiés par les participants ressemblent à ceux identifiés dans des groupes non autistes, le profil psychologique des participants autistes et leurs expériences de marginalisation semblaient fortement contextualiser les expressions de désespoir, de sentiment d’être un fardeau, d’inutilité, de solitude et de sentiment d’être piégé. Les personnes autistes varient quant aux facteurs perçus comme sous-jacents à la suicidalité. Toutefois, les associations entre la suicidalité et l’importance perçue du harcèlement, des traumatismes et de l’incapacité à accéder au soutien soulignent la nécessité de changements sociétaux et systémiques pour prévenir le suicide.

Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death for autistic people, but inadequately explained by theories derived in non-autistic populations. Autistic people's perceptions of the factors underpinning suicidal experiences are vital for guiding conceptual understanding, risk assessment, and policy and clinical practice towards preventing suicide. Methods: We recruited 1369 autistic participants for an online survey designed through consultation with autistic people. Participants were 326 cisgender men, 718 cisgender women, and 325 transgender or gender-divergent individuals, ranging from 16-89 years old. We asked them to rate the importance of 19 contributing factors to their suicidal thoughts and feelings, and enter their own explanations of additional factors if desired. Alongside thematically analysing this qualitative data, we examined whether ratings of contributing factors differed by age and gender, and whether ratings statistically predicted levels of lifetime suicidality. Results: Loneliness, feelings of worthlessness/failure, hopelessness and mental illness were the highest rated contributing factors to suicidal thoughts and feelings, particularly by autistic women and sex/gender minorities; ratings also differed by age. Qualitative responses indicated the complexity of suicidality, wherein autistic status influenced both the nature of the stressors (e.g. societal stigma) and cognitive-emotional states (e.g. feeling disconnected through feeling different to others) that participants identified. Greater perceived importance of bullying, difficulties accessing support and past trauma characterised participants with experience of suicide plans or attempts. Conclusion: While some of the experiences and mental states identified by participants resembled those identified in non-autistic groups, the psychological profile of autistic participants and their experiences of marginalisation appeared to heavily contextualise expressions of hopelessness, burdensomeness, worthlessness, loneliness and entrapment. Autistic people vary with regards the factors perceived to underpin suicidality. However, associations between suicidality and the perceived importance of bullying, trauma, and inability to access support highlight the necessity of societal and systemic change to prevent suicide.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
81
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
15 / 81 (18,5 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
20 / 480 (4,2 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 20 / 218 (9,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 13 / 365 (3,6 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
218 / 480 (45,4 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 116 / 365 (31,8 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
198 / 218 (90,8 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 198 / 480 (41,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 103 / 116 (88,8 %).
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