Au-delà de la stigmatisation : prédicteurs cognitifs et liés à l'autisme de la santé mentale chez les adolescents transgenres

Titre original en anglais : In Addition to Stigma: Cognitive and Autism-Related Predictors of Mental Health in Transgender Adolescents

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Strang, J. F., Anthony, L. G., Song, A., Lai, M. C., Knauss, M., Sadikova, E., Graham, E. K., Zaks, Z., Wimms, H., Willing, L., Call, D., Mancilla, M., Shakin, S., Vilain, E., Kim, D. Y., Maisashvili, T., Khawaja, A., & Kenworthy, L. (2021). In Addition to Stigma: Cognitive and Autism-Related Predictors of Mental Health in Transgender Adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 52(2), 212-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2021.1916940

Date de publication: 14/06/2021 Ajout dans AutiHub: 29/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
18
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 18 (5,6 %)
  1. John F. Strang
  2. Laura G. Anthony
  3. Amber Song
  4. Meng-Chuan Lai
  5. Megan Knauss
  6. Eleonora Sadikova
  1. Elizabeth K. Graham *
  2. Zosia Zaks
  3. Harriette Wimms
  4. Laura Willing
  5. David Call
  6. Michael Mancilla
  1. Sara Shakin
  2. Eric Vilain
  3. Da-Young Kim
  4. Tekla Maisashvili
  5. Ayesha Khawaja
  6. Lauren Kenworthy

Résumé

OBJECTIF : Le trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA) est significativement surreprésenté chez les adolescents transgenres. Indépendamment, le TSA et la diversité de genre sont associés à des risques accrus pour la santé mentale. Pourtant, la santé mentale des adolescents autistes transgenres est mal comprise. Cette étude examine la santé mentale dans le plus grand échantillon apparié à ce jour d'adolescents autistes transgenres, transgenres non autistes (allistiques) et autistes cisgenres diagnostiqués au moyen de procédures diagnostiques de référence pour le TSA. Conformément à l'évolution de la compréhension des phénotypes de l'autisme liés au sexe/genre, des présentations diagnostiques autistiques légèrement sous le seuil (fréquentes chez les filles/femmes autistes) sont modélisées. MÉTHODE : Cette étude comprend 93 adolescents âgés de 13 à 21 ans, répartis équitablement entre les groupes autiste-transgenre, autiste-cisgenre et allistique-transgenre ; 13 adolescents transgenres se situaient à la limite du diagnostic de TSA et ont été inclus dans un groupe plus large de « TSA élargi ». L'évaluation psychologique et neuropsychologique comprenait l'évaluation de la santé mentale, du QI, de la stigmatisation LGBT, des symptômes sociaux liés au TSA, du fonctionnement exécutif (FE) et des obstacles liés au FE à la satisfaction des besoins liés au genre. RÉSULTATS : Les adolescents autistes transgenres ont présenté des symptômes internalisés significativement plus importants que les groupes allistique-transgenre et autiste-cisgenre. Outre les associations entre la stigmatisation et la santé mentale, des facteurs cognitifs/neurodéveloppementaux liés au TSA (c'est-à-dire un FE plus faible et des symptômes sociaux plus importants) étaient associés à une moins bonne santé mentale : plus précisément, les symptômes sociaux et les obstacles de genre liés au FE étaient associés à davantage de symptômes internalisés, et les problèmes de FE et les obstacles de genre liés au FE à une plus grande suicidalité. En comparant l'ensemble des groupes liés au TSA et au genre, une identité de genre féminine était associée à une plus grande suicidalité. CONCLUSIONS : Distinguer l'hétérogénéité des risques pour la santé mentale chez les jeunes transgenres est essentiel pour élaborer des évaluations et des interventions ciblées. Cette étude identifie le diagnostic de TSA, les caractéristiques phénotypiques du TSA et les obstacles de genre liés au FE comme des risques potentiels de moins bonne santé mentale chez les adolescents transgenres.

OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is significantly over-represented among transgender adolescents. Independently, ASD and gender diversity are associated with increased mental health risks. Yet, mental health in autistic-transgender adolescents is poorly understood. This study investigates mental health in the largest matched sample to date of autistic-transgender, non-autistic (allistic) transgender, and autistic-cisgender adolescents diagnosed using gold-standard ASD diagnostic procedures. In accordance with advancing understanding of sex/gender-related autism phenotypes, slightly subthreshold autistic diagnostic presentations (common in autistic girls/women) are modeled. METHOD: This study includes 93 adolescents aged 13-21, evenly divided between autistic-transgender, autistic-cisgender, and allistic-transgender groups; 13 transgender adolescents were at the margin of ASD diagnosis and included within a larger "broad-ASD" grouping. Psychological and neuropsychological evaluation included assessment of mental health, IQ, LGBT stigma, ASD-related social symptoms, executive functioning (EF), and EF-related barriers to achieving gender-related needs. RESULTS: Autistic-transgender adolescents experienced significantly greater internalizing symptoms compared to allistic-transgender and autistic-cisgender groups. In addition to stigma-related associations with mental health, ASD-related cognitive/neurodevelopmental factors (i.e., poorer EF and greater social symptoms) were associated with worse mental health: specifically, social symptoms and EF gender barriers with greater internalizing and EF problems and EF gender barriers with greater suicidality. Comparing across all ASD and gender-related groups, female gender identity was associated with greater suicidality. CONCLUSIONS: Parsing the heterogeneity of mental health risks among transgender youth is critical for developing targeted assessments and interventions. This study identifies ASD diagnosis, ASD phenotypic characteristics, and EF-related gender barriers as potential risks for poorer mental health in transgender adolescents.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 12/09/2026 18:16.

Références citées
69
Avec un DOI
63
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
6
6 / 69 (8,7 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
0 / 69 (0,0 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
69 / 69 (100,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
0
Sans titre structuré
0
Sans identifiant stable
5
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
407
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
407
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
156 / 407 (38,3 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 251 / 407 (61,7 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
12 / 407 (2,9 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 12 / 156 (7,7 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 8 / 341 (2,3 %).
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