Le rapport dans des groupes de même neurotype et de neurotypes mixtes composés d'adultes autistes et non autistes

Titre original en anglais : Rapport in same and mixed neurotype groups of autistic and non-autistic adults

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Foster, S. J., Ackerman, R. A., Wilks, C., Dodd, M., Calderon, R. M., Ropar, D., Fletcher‐Watson, S., Crompton, C. J., & Sasson, N. J. (2025). Rapport in same and mixed neurotype groups of autistic and non-autistic adults. Autism, 29(7), 1700-1710. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251320444

Date de publication: 24/02/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
9
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 9 (11,1 %)
  1. Sarah J. Foster
  2. Robert A. Ackerman
  3. Charlotte Wilks
  4. Michelle Dodd *
  5. Rachel Maribella Calderon
  1. Danielle Ropar
  2. Sue Fletcher‐Watson
  3. Catherine J. Crompton
  4. Noah J. Sasson

Résumé

Bien que les adultes autistes puissent établir un meilleur rapport dyadique avec des partenaires autistes qu'avec des partenaires non autistes, on ne sait pas clairement si cela s'étend aux contextes de groupe. La présente étude a examiné si le rapport diffère entre les groupes autistes, les groupes non autistes et les groupes mixtes d'adultes autistes et non autistes, et si le fait de différer sur le plan diagnostique du reste du groupe entraîne un rapport plus faible. Cent quarante-trois adultes ont été assignés à l'un des quatre types de groupes comptant chacun quatre participants : entièrement autiste, entièrement non autiste, majorité non autiste (trois non autistes, un autiste) et majorité autiste (trois autistes, un non autiste). Les groupes ont participé à une activité de construction de 5 minutes et ont ensuite rempli une mesure du rapport composée de 5 items évaluant leur expérience. Les groupes entièrement autistes ne différaient pas des groupes entièrement non autistes quant au rapport global et présentaient un rapport significativement plus élevé sur deux items (appréciation de l'interaction et caractère amical du groupe) que les deux types de groupes mixtes. Au niveau individuel, les participants autistes ont exprimé davantage d'aisance et de plaisir lors d'interactions avec d'autres adultes autistes par rapport aux adultes non autistes, et leur rapport diminuait à mesure que davantage de participants non autistes étaient inclus dans le groupe. En revanche, le rapport des participants non autistes restait relativement constant quelle que soit la composition du groupe. Nous discutons des raisons potentielles pour lesquelles les participants autistes étaient davantage affectés par la composition du groupe que les participants non autistes. Résumé grand public Les adultes autistes s'entendent parfois mieux avec d'autres personnes autistes qu'avec des personnes non autistes, mais jusqu'à présent cela n'a été étudié que dans des interactions entre deux personnes. Cette étude a examiné dans quelle mesure les personnes autistes et non autistes développent un rapport dans un contexte de groupe et si le rapport diffère lorsque les membres du groupe partagent ou non un diagnostic. Nous avons assigné 143 adultes à 36 groupes de quatre adultes chacun. Certains groupes ne comptaient que des membres autistes, d'autres uniquement des membres non autistes, et certains étaient des groupes « mixtes » composés de membres autistes et non autistes. Les groupes ont participé à une tâche de construction d'une tour pendant 5 minutes et ont ensuite rempli un questionnaire sur le rapport avec le groupe. Les groupes composés entièrement de participants autistes ont indiqué que leurs interactions étaient plus agréables et plus amicales que celles des groupes mixtes. Les participants autistes ont signalé un rapport plus faible lors d'interactions avec des adultes non autistes, tandis que les participants non autistes ont signalé un rapport similaire, qu'ils interagissent avec des membres du groupe autistes ou non autistes. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats ne sont pas cohérents avec un modèle de déficit social de l'autisme, car les adultes autistes établissaient souvent un rapport avec des partenaires dans un contexte de groupe. Leur niveau de rapport dépendait toutefois fortement du contexte social, notamment de la présence ou non d'autres personnes autistes dans le groupe.

Although autistic adults may establish better dyadic rapport with autistic relative to non-autistic partners, it is unclear whether this extends to group settings. The current study examined whether rapport differs between autistic groups, non-autistic groups, and mixed groups of autistic and non-autistic adults, and whether differing diagnostically from the rest of the group results in lower rapport. One hundred and forty-three adults were assigned to one of four group types of four participants each: all-autistic, all-non-autistic, non-autistic majority (three non-autistic, one autistic), and autistic majority (three autistic, one non-autistic). Groups participated in a 5-minute building activity and afterwards completed a 5-item rapport measure assessing their experience. The all-autistic groups did not differ on overall rapport from the all-non-autistic groups and had significantly higher rapport on two items (enjoying the interaction and friendliness of the group) than both types of mixed groups. At the individual level, autistic participants expressed more ease and enjoyment when interacting with other autistic adults relative to non-autistic adults, and their rapport declined as more non-autistic participants were included in the group. In contrast, rapport for non-autistic participants remained relatively consistent regardless of group composition. We discuss potential reasons why autistic participants were more affected by group composition than non-autistic participants.Lay abstractAutistic adults sometimes get along better with other autistic people compared to non-autistic people, but so far this has only been studied in two-person interactions. This study examined how well autistic and non-autistic people develop rapport in a group setting and whether rapport differs when group members share or do not share a diagnosis. We assigned 143 adults to 36 groups of four adults each. Some groups only had autistic members, some only had non-autistic members, and some were "mixed" groups of autistic and non-autistic members. Groups participated in a tower-building task for 5 minutes and afterwards completed a survey about rapport with the group. The groups of all-autistic participants expressed that their interactions were more enjoyable and friendly than the mixed groups. Autistic participants reported lower rapport when interacting with non-autistic adults, while non-autistic participants reported similar rapport whether interacting with autistic or non-autistic group members. Overall, findings are not consistent with a social deficit model of autism, as autistic adults often established rapport with partners in a group setting. Their level of rapport, however, depended strongly on the social context, particularly whether other autistic people were also in the group.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
66
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
7 / 66 (10,6 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
9 / 220 (4,1 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 9 / 87 (10,3 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 7 / 180 (3,9 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
87 / 220 (39,5 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 55 / 180 (30,6 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
78 / 87 (89,7 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 78 / 220 (35,5 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 48 / 55 (87,3 %).
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