Le potentiel d’un vieillissement autistique réussi : proposition d’une approche de psychologie développementale tout au long de la vie

Titre original en anglais : The potential for successful autistic ageing: Proposing a lifespan developmental psychology approach

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Ommensen, B., Attwood, T., Pachana, N. A., & Sofronoff, K. (2026). The potential for successful autistic ageing: Proposing a lifespan developmental psychology approach. Autism, 30(7), 1901-1915. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613261418468

Date de publication: 22/02/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 07/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Berthine Ommensen
  2. Tony Attwood *
  3. Nancy A. Pachana
  4. Kate Sofronoff

Résumé

Les idées fausses négatives concernant le caractère inévitable du déclin de la santé physique et du fonctionnement cognitif au cours de la vieillesse abondent dans la société et dans la littérature sur le vieillissement autistique. Mais il existe un paradoxe du vieillissement : la plupart des personnes âgées de la population générale connaissent, plus tard dans la vie, une augmentation de leur satisfaction à l’égard de la vie et de leur bien-être émotionnel, associée à la qualité de vie et révélatrice d’un vieillissement réussi. Des profils parallèles d’amélioration, plus tard dans la vie, du fonctionnement psychosocial et du bien-être émotionnel ont été observés dans le trouble du déficit de l’attention avec hyperactivité et la schizophrénie, ce qui soulève la question séduisante suivante : le paradoxe du vieillissement pourrait-il également être vrai pour les adultes autistes âgés ? Les recherches gérontologiques contemporaines qui réconcilient les contradictions inhérentes à ce paradoxe dans une perspective de psychologie développementale tout au long de la vie éclairent également les initiatives mondiales de santé publique. Celles-ci promeuvent un vieillissement sain et réussi comme processus de rétablissement, d’adaptation et de croissance plus tard dans la vie pour les personnes de toutes capacités. En revanche, le vieillissement autistique a été relativement peu étudié sous cet angle. Cette lacune est comblée en s’appuyant sur des analyses de la littérature gérontologique et de la littérature sur l’autisme. La pertinence potentielle de la psychologie tout au long de la vie pour la trajectoire développementale de l’autisme est examinée, et un cadre théorique fondé sur des données probantes est proposé afin d’orienter les futures recherches sur l’autisme et la pratique clinique visant à promouvoir un vieillissement autistique réussi. Résumé grand public Que sait-on déjà sur ce sujet ? Malgré les pertes physiques et mentales qu’elles subissent en vieillissant, la plupart des personnes âgées sont satisfaites de leur vie. Elles ressentent davantage d’émotions positives que négatives, ce qui est lié au bien-être et à une meilleure qualité de vie. Selon la psychologie tout au long de la vie, ce profil inattendu constitue une preuve de vieillissement réussi. En revanche, le potentiel de vieillissement réussi dans l’autisme est mal compris. Bien qu’elle éclaire les lignes directrices de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé sur le vieillissement en bonne santé, la psychologie tout au long de la vie a été relativement peu prise en compte en lien avec le vieillissement autistique. L’objectif des chercheurs était de combler cette lacune. Qu’apporte cet article ? Cet article propose une approche nouvelle pour comprendre et promouvoir un vieillissement autistique réussi. Il décrit la psychologie tout au long de la vie ainsi que les modèles et théories associés, et la manière dont ils se rapportent à l’expérience autistique. Il explique également comment et pourquoi des résultats positifs tels que la qualité de vie et la satisfaction à l’égard de la vie sont des objectifs réalistes pour les adultes autistes âgés. Implications pour la pratique, la recherche ou les politiques publiques La psychologie tout au long de la vie offre un cadre fondé sur des données probantes pour orienter les futures recherches, les politiques publiques et la pratique clinique, afin d’aider les adultes autistes âgés à obtenir des résultats de vie positifs, de la productivité, une croissance personnelle et du bien-être. Les recherches futures devraient déterminer si les adultes autistes âgés connaissent les mêmes améliorations du bien-être social et émotionnel plus tard dans la vie que les autres groupes de la population. Cela contribuera à garantir que les politiques de santé et le soutien clinique ne reposent pas sur des hypothèses négatives concernant le vieillissement autistique qui ne reflètent pas les expériences vécues. Plus important encore, cet article montre qu’en envisageant le vieillissement différemment, tous les adultes autistes ont la possibilité de connaître un vieillissement sain et réussi.

Negative misconceptions about the inevitability of declining physical health and cognitive functioning in old age abound in society and in literature on autistic ageing. But there is a paradox of ageing: most older adults in the general population experience increases in life satisfaction and emotional wellbeing in later life that are associated with quality of life and indicative of successful ageing. Parallel patterns of later-life improvement in psychosocial functioning and emotional wellbeing have been found in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, which raises the tantalising question: could the paradox of ageing be true for older autistic adults too? Contemporary gerontological research that reconciles the contradictions inherent in this paradox from a lifespan developmental psychology perspective also informs global public health initiatives. These promote healthy successful ageing as a process of recovery, adaptation and growth in later life for people of all abilities. By contrast, there has been relatively little examination of autistic ageing from this perspective. Drawing on analyses of both gerontological and autism literature, this gap is addressed. Lifespan psychology’s potential relevance to the developmental trajectory of autism is explored, and an evidence-based theoretical framework to guide future autism research and clinical practice aimed at promoting successful autistic ageing is proposed. Lay Abstract What is already known about this topic? Despite experiencing physical and mental losses as they age, most older people are satisfied with life. They have more positive than negative emotions, and this is related to wellbeing and improved quality of life. According to lifespan psychology, this unexpected pattern is evidence of successful ageing. By contrast, the potential for successful ageing in autism is not well understood. Even though it informs the World Health Organization’s guidelines on healthy ageing, there has been relatively little consideration of lifespan psychology in relation to autistic ageing. The researchers’ aim was to address this gap. What does this article add? This article provides a novel approach to understanding and promoting successful autistic ageing. It describes lifespan psychology and associated models and theories and how they relate to autistic experience. It also explains how and why positive outcomes like quality of life and life satisfaction are realistic goals for older autistic adults. Implications for practice, research or policy Lifespan psychology offers an evidence-based framework for guiding future research, policy and clinical practice to help older autistic adults achieve positive life outcomes, productivity, personal growth and wellbeing. Future research should test whether autistic older adults experience the same improvements in social and emotional wellbeing in later life as other groups in the population. This will help to make sure that health policy and clinical support are not based on negative assumptions about autistic ageing that do not reflect real-life experiences. Most importantly, this article shows that by thinking about ageing differently, there are opportunities for all autistic adults to enjoy healthy successful ageing.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 12/09/2026 01:04.

Références citées
111
Avec un DOI
107
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
4
15 / 111 (13,5 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
2 / 111 (1,8 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
109 / 111 (98,2 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
2
Sans titre structuré
1
Sans identifiant stable
4
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
2
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
1096
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
1096
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
3
230 / 1096 (21,0 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 866 / 1096 (79,0 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
50 / 1096 (4,6 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 50 / 230 (21,7 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 43 / 999 (4,3 %).
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