Étiologie, pathologie et réflexions anti-trans : aborder le présent problématique de la recherche sur les personnes trans autistes

Titre original en anglais : Aetiology, Pathology, and Anti-Trans Reflections: Engaging with the Problematic Present of Autistic Trans Research

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». deux auteur·ices de cette publication sont identifié·es comme autistes dans le projet.

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Alexander, E., Matthews, P., Botha, M., & Engstrom, S. (2026). Aetiology, Pathology, and Anti-Trans Reflections: Engaging with the Problematic Present of Autistic Trans Research. Autism in Adulthood. https://doi.org/10.1177/25739581261471375

Publication date: 05/08/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 16/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source éditeur (DOI) Source OpenAlex

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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 4 (50,0 %)
  1. Emmett Alexander *
  2. Peter Matthews
  3. Monique Botha *
  4. Sandra Engstrom

Résumé

À l'intersection de deux expériences fortement pathologisées, la recherche étudie de plus en plus les personnes trans autistes comme une cause médicalisée de préoccupation, et les arguments anti-trans — ou « critiques du genre » — contre les droits, les vies et les soins de santé des personnes trans instrumentalisent à maintes reprises la vulnérabilité perçue des personnes autistes. L'interaction entre la personne autiste « vulnérable » et la transidentité « prédatrice » ou « séductrice » — ou « idéologie de genre » — se combine à une littérature de recherche axée sur la causalité pour brosser à tort le tableau selon lequel les personnes trans autistes ne peuvent pas exister : dépourvues d'autorité épistémique et de connaissance de soi, les personnes autistes ne peuvent pas être « véritablement » trans ; nous devons simplement penser que nous le sommes. Les chercheurs continuent de produire des théories de co-occurrence, mais omettent souvent de reconnaître ou d'assumer la responsabilité des dommages causés par le fait qu'ils continuent de présenter les personnes trans autistes comme un problème que la recherche doit résoudre. À une époque de politisation aussi marquée, où les récits anti-trans de « vulnérabilité » et de « contagion sociale » mettent de plus en plus en avant les personnes trans autistes, le fait que la recherche ne reconnaisse pas ce contexte constitue à la fois une omission majeure, et le fait de ne pas considérer l'impact que la recherche pourrait avoir constitue une défaillance éthique. Dans cette perspective, cet article expose les manières dont cette recherche interagit avec les contextes plus larges de la panique anti-trans et les histoires problématiques de la pathologisation de l'autisme et de la transidentité dans la recherche, et appelle à un engagement plus large avec les travaux critiques au-delà des limites de la psychologie. Résumé communautaire Quel est l'objectif de cet article ? L'objectif de cet article est de mettre en lumière certains problèmes dans la manière dont les personnes trans autistes sont envisagées et décrites dans la recherche. Il montre également l'impact négatif que les idées produites par cette recherche peuvent avoir sur les personnes autistes et/ou trans. Quelles perspectives personnelles ou professionnelles les auteurs apportent-ils au sujet ? L'auteur principal est un chercheur doctorant trans autiste et est donc personnellement investi dans l'amélioration de ce domaine. Pourquoi ce sujet est-il important ? Ce sujet est important parce que la recherche devrait éviter de contribuer à la diffusion d'idées ou de stéréotypes nuisibles. Cet article met en évidence comment l'accent actuellement mis sur les liens causaux entre le fait d'être autiste et trans peut être nuisible. La recherche sur les personnes trans autistes s'est principalement concentrée sur la tentative de déterminer pourquoi, comment ou si certaines personnes autistes sont trans. De nombreuses théories à ce sujet — théories de co-occurrence — suggèrent que les personnes autistes pourraient croire à tort qu'elles sont trans en raison de traits autistiques spécifiques. Par exemple, que les personnes autistes pourraient avoir un intérêt spécifique pour le genre, ce qui nous amènerait à croire à tort que nous sommes trans. Il existe peu ou pas de preuves fiables en faveur de ces théories. D'autres recherches montrent que les personnes trans autistes ont subi des préjudices du fait de l'idée selon laquelle être autiste et trans serait incompatible. Par exemple, certaines personnes trans autistes se sont vu refuser des soins d'affirmation de genre en raison de leur diagnostic d'autisme. En outre, des arguments anti-trans ont utilisé ces théories pour suggérer que de nombreux enfants autistes subissent des préjudices en croyant « faussement » qu'ils sont trans. Cependant, les recherches qui proposent ces théories reconnaissent rarement le rôle qu'elles ont joué dans la diffusion de ces idées nuisibles. Que recommandent les auteurs ? Les auteurs recommandent que les recherches futures : • cessent de s'interroger sur les raisons pour lesquelles, la manière dont, ou même si les personnes trans autistes existent ; • se concentrent davantage sur la manière dont la recherche peut améliorer et enrichir la vie des personnes trans autistes ; • prennent en compte la manière dont la recherche pourrait affecter les personnes trans autistes, à la fois directement et indirectement ; • s'engagent de manière significative avec l'histoire et le présent problématiques de la recherche sur l'autisme et/ou la transidentité ; • s'engagent de manière significative avec les personnes trans autistes et leurs travaux en tant qu'activistes, universitaires et experts de l'expérience vécue. Comment ces travaux aideront-ils les adultes autistes maintenant ou à l'avenir ? Cette recherche met en lumière l'impact négatif de la recherche actuelle sur les personnes trans autistes et propose certaines manières dont cela pourrait être différent. Les auteurs espèrent que cela pourrait contribuer à une recherche ayant un impact plus positif sur la vie des personnes trans autistes et à réduire les préjudices causés.

At the intersection of two highly pathologized experiences, research increasingly investigates autistic trans people as a medicalized cause for concern, and anti-trans—or “gender critical”—arguments against trans rights, lives, and health care repeatedly weaponize the perceived vulnerability of autistic people. The interplay of the “vulnerable” autistic person and “predatory” or “seductive” transness (or “gender ideology”) combines with a research literature which focuses on causation to incorrectly paint a picture that autistic trans people cannot exist: lacking in epistemic authority and self-knowledge, autistic people cannot “truly” be trans; we must just think we are. Researchers continue to generate co-occurrence theories but often fail to acknowledge or take accountability for the harm caused by their continued signaling that autistic trans people are a problem which research must solve. In a time of such politicization, where anti-trans narratives of “vulnerability” and “social contagion” increasingly highlight autistic trans people, it is both a major oversight for research not to acknowledge this context and an ethical failing not to consider the impact that research might have. With this argument in mind, this article outlines the ways in which this research interacts with the wider contexts of the anti-trans panic and the problematic histories of autistic and trans pathologization in research and calls for a broader engagement with critical work beyond the bounds of psychology. Community Brief What is the purpose of this article? The purpose of this article is to highlight some of the problems in how autistic trans people are thought of and spoken about in research. It also demonstrates the negative impact that the ideas produced by this research can have on autistic and/or trans people. What personal or professional perspectives do the authors bring to the topic? The lead author is an autistic trans PhD researcher and is therefore personally invested in improvement in this area. Why is the topic important? The topic is important because research should avoid contributing to the spread of harmful ideas or stereotypes. This article highlights how the current focus on causal links between being autistic and trans can be harmful. Research about autistic trans people has mostly focused on trying to find out why, how, or if some autistic people are trans. Lots of theories about this (co-occurrence theories) suggest that autistic people might wrongly think they are trans because of specific autistic traits. For example, that autistic people may have a special interest in gender which leads us to wrongly believe we are trans. There is little to no reliable evidence for any of these theories. Other research shows that autistic trans people have been harmed by the idea that being autistic and trans are incompatible. For example, some autistic trans people have been denied gender-affirming care because of their autism diagnosis. Furthermore, anti-trans arguments have used these theories to suggest that many autistic children are being harmed by “falsely” believing that they are trans. However, the research that proposes these theories rarely acknowledges the role it has played in spreading these harmful ideas. What do the authors recommend? The authors recommend that future research should: • move away from questioning why, how, or if autistic trans people exist; • focus more on how research can improve and enrich autistic trans lives; • consider how research might impact autistic trans people both directly and indirectly; • meaningfully engage with the problematic history and present of autistic and/or trans research; and • meaningfully engage with autistic trans people and their work as activists, academics, and lived experience experts. How will this work help autistic adults now or in the future? This research highlights the negative impact of current research about autistic trans people and suggests some ways that this could be different. The authors hope that this could contribute to research which has a more positive impact on autistic trans lives and reduce harm done.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 19/09/2026 07:57.

Références citées
132
Avec un DOI
104
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
28
13 / 132 (9,8 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
12 / 132 (9,1 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
120 / 132 (90,9 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
12
Sans titre structuré
12
Sans identifiant stable
27
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
12
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
1
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
304
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
304
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
12
102 / 304 (33,6 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 202 / 304 (66,4 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
20 / 304 (6,6 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 20 / 102 (19,6 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 17 / 254 (6,7 %).
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