Anti-ableism and scientific accuracy in autism research: a false dichotomy

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Bottema-Beutel, K., Kapp, S. K., Sasson, N., Gernsbacher, M. A., Natri, H., & Botha, M. (2023). Anti-ableism and scientific accuracy in autism research: a false dichotomy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1244451-1244451. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1244451

Publication date: 8 Sep 2023 Added to AutiHub: 5 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
6
Publication authors identified as autistic
3 / 6 (50.0%)
  1. Kristen Bottema-Beutel
  2. Steven K. Kapp *
  3. Noah Sasson
  1. Morton Ann Gernsbacher
  2. Heini Natri *
  3. Monique Botha *

Abstract

It was recently argued that autism researchers committed to rejecting ableist frameworks in their research may sacrifice "scientifically accurate" conceptualizations of autism. In this perspective piece, we argue that: (a) anti-ableism vs. scientific accuracy is a false dichotomy, (b) there is no ideology-free science that has claim to scientific accuracy, and (c) autism science has a history of false leads in part because of unexamined ableist ideologies that undergird researcher framings and interpretations of evidence. To illustrate our claims, we discuss several avenues of autism research that were promoted as scientific advances, but were eventually debunked or shown to have much less explanatory value than initially proposed. These research programs have involved claims about autism etiology, the nature of autism and autistic characteristics, and autism intervention. Common to these false leads have been ableist assumptions about autism that inform researcher perspectives. Negative impacts of this work have been mitigated in some areas of autism research, but these perspectives continue to exert influence on the lives of autistic people, including the availability of services, discourses about autism, and sociocultural conceptualizations of autistic people. Examining these false leads may help current researchers better understand how ableism may negatively influence their areas of inquiry. We close with a positive argument that promoting anti-ableism can be done in tandem with increasing scientific accuracy.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 02:38.

Cited references
111
With a DOI
86
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
21
32 / 111 (28.8%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
4 / 111 (3.6%)
References with detected author names
111 / 111 (100.0%)
Without detected author names
0
Without a structured title
4
Without a stable identifier
15
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
1
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
572
From DOI or external metadata
572
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
333 / 572 (58.2%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 239 / 572 (41.8%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
134 / 572 (23.4%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 134 / 333 (40.2%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 107 / 487 (22.0%).
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