Christina Nicolaidis
This author is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project because of their contribution to 46 academic works co-authored with 42 people identified as autistic.
Learn more about how autistic status is determinedPublication overview
Autistic Autism Scholarship Project publications
Collaborations and cited bibliographies
Frequent co-authors
Publications by year
Publication types
47 publications
Hannah Merrick, Helen Taylor, Barry Ingham, Tracy Finch, Ruby Herrington, Sarah Al-Ashmori, Carole Buckley, Sally-Ann Cooper, Cristina Fernandez-Garcia, Shona Haining, Rhianna Lees, Nicholas Lennox, Sebastian Moss, Tim Nicholls, Christina Nicolaidis, Malcolm Osborne, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Tomos Robinson, Clare Scarlett, Anna Urbanowicz, James M.S. Wason, Colin Wilson, Jeremy R. Parr (2026). Primary Care Health Checks for Autistic Adults: A Qualitative Study of Autistic Adults’, Carers/Supporters’, and Primary Care Staff’s Perspectives. Autism in Adulthood.
Anne V. Kirby, Zack Siddeek*Autistic author. Learn more… , Bobbi Duncan-Ishcomer*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kayla Rodriguez*Autistic author. Learn more… , Whitney Lee*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kavitha Murthi, Kristina Feldman, Alissa Atisme, Amber Darlington, Lisa Wexler, Christina Nicolaidis (2026). Pilot Test of the Forming Love around Autistic People to Prevent Suicide Program. Autism in Adulthood.
Christina Nicolaidis, Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mary Baker-Ericzén, Mirah Scharer, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Willi Horner-Johnson, Julia Love, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Shannon des Roches Rosa, Grace A. Herbert, Julie Lounds Taylor, Liu-Qin Yang, Katherine McDonald, Zack Siddeek*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Emanuel Frowner*Autistic author. Learn more… , Ivanova Smith*Autistic author. Learn more… , Anna Furra Wallington*Autistic author. Learn more… , K. J. Flores, Noah Kaufman, Clarissa Kripke, Joseph Vera, Vivian D. Grillo, Finn Gardiner*Autistic author. Learn more… (2026). Addressing Common Problems in Autism Research: Cohort Development and Sample Description for a Participatory, Real-World, Longitudinal Study of Outcomes in Autistic Adults. Autism, 30(10), 2628-2647.
Preprint versions associated with this published version
Christina Nicolaidis, Liu-Qin Yang, Mathew Uretsky, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mary Baker-Ericzén, Vivian D. Grillo, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mirah Scharer, Anna Furra Wallington*Autistic author. Learn more… (2026). Psychometric Properties of the AASPIRE Autistic Burnout Measure - Revised (AABM-R). medRxiv.
Hannah Merrick, Helen Taylor, Barry Ingham, Tracy Finch, Sarah Al-Ashmori, Ruby Herrington, Clare Scarlett, Carole Buckley, Sally-Ann Cooper, Cristina Fernandez-Garcia, Shona Haining, Rhianna Lees, Nicholas Lennox, Sebastian Moss, Tim Nicholls, Christina Nicolaidis, Malcolm Osborne, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Tomos Robinson, Anna Urbanowicz, James M.S. Wason, Colin Wilson, Jeremy R. Parr (2026). Acceptability and Implementation of a Primary Care Health Check for Autistic People: Findings From Evaluation Questionnaires and Interviews. Autism, 13623613261433106-13623613261433106.
So Yoon Kim, Kristen Gillespie-Lynch, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Liu-Qin Yang, Anna Furra Wallington*Autistic author. Learn more… , Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Willi Horner-Johnson, Emanuel Frowner*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mary Baker-Ericzén, Christina Nicolaidis (2026). Self- and Caregiver-Reported Choice-Making in Autistic Adults: Development and Validation of the AASPIRE–Choices and Decisions Scale. medRxiv.
Judith Peth, Nicole David, Sophia Dückert, Petia Gewohn, Daniel Schöttle, Pascal Rahlff, Alexander Konnopka, Hannah König, Kai Vogeley, Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , H Schulz (2026). Psychometric Analysis of the German Version of the Barriers to Healthcare Checklist—Short Form. Autism in Adulthood.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Nicole A. Steckler, Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Alan R. Teo, Morrigan Hunter*Autistic author. Learn more… , Liu-Qin Yang, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mirah Scharer, Christina Nicolaidis (2026). The AASPIRE Autistic Burnout Scale: Creation, pilot testing, and psychometric properties of a new measure of autistic burnout. Center for Open Science.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mary Baker-Ericzén, Shannon des Roches Rosa, Todd Edwards, Emanuel Frowner*Autistic author. Learn more… , Willi Horner-Johnson, Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Clarissa Kripke, Julie Lounds Taylor, Julia Love, Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mirah Scharer, Zack Siddeek*Autistic author. Learn more… , Ivanova Smith*Autistic author. Learn more… , Joseph Vera, Anna Furra Wallington*Autistic author. Learn more… , Liu-Qin Yang, K. J. Flores, N Chaiyachakorn (2026). Measuring High-Priority Outcomes in Autistic Adults: Initial psychometric assessment of the instruments in the AASPIRE Measurement Toolkit. medRxiv.
Aimee Grant*Autistic author. Learn more… , Harriet Axbey*Autistic author. Learn more… , Ami Nisa, Krysia Emily Waldock*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Kelly B. Beck, Maya Sabatello, Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Anne V. Kirby, Elizabeth Rutenberg, Kaitlyn Breitenfeldt, Kathryn Williams*Autistic author. Learn more… , Monique Craine*Autistic author. Learn more… , Abigail Wilkins, Selena Caemawr*Autistic author. Learn more… , Willow Holloway*Autistic author. Learn more… , Madeleine Sinfield, Kay Ribbons, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mary Baker-Ericzén, Joseph Vera, Christina Nicolaidis, Rebecca Ellis*Autistic author. Learn more… (2026). Recommendations for data sharing in populations at higher risk of discrimination: the case of Autism research. Open Science Framework.
Anne V. Kirby, Kristina Feldman, Bobbi Duncan-Ishcomer*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , W. Lee, Kayla Rodriguez*Autistic author. Learn more… , Zack Siddeek*Autistic author. Learn more… , A. Darlington, Alissa Atisme, W. Clark, Kavitha Murthi, Lisa Wexler, Christina Nicolaidis (2025). Participatory Development of a Suicide Prevention Program for Autism Community Organizations. OTJR: Occupational Therapy Journal of Research, 46(2), 240-246.
Anne V. Kirby, Kristina Feldman, W. Clark, Amber Darlington, Alissa Atisme, Bobbi Duncan-Ishcomer*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Whitney Lee*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kayla Rodriguez*Autistic author. Learn more… , Zack Siddeek*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kavitha Murthi, Brooks Keeshin, Hilary Coon, Christina Nicolaidis (2025). Influences on suicidality and suicide-prevention needs for the autistic community: Qualitative insights from multiple perspectives. Autism, 30(1), 61-73.
Christina Nicolaidis, Mirah Scharer, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Joseph Vera, Todd Edwards, Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mary Baker-Ericzén, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Liu-Qin Yang, Rachel Kripke-Ludwig*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Anna Furra Wallington*Autistic author. Learn more… , AASPIRE (2025). Consensus on high-priority outcomes to be used in the evaluation of services for autistic adults: Results from a “CBPR-Nested Delphi Process”. Autism, 29(8), 1959-1972.
Preprint version associated with this published version
Anne V. Kirby, Kristen T. MacKenziem, Anne V. Kirby, Katherine McDonald, Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kaitlyn Breitenfeldt, Elizabeth Rutenberg, Tanvi Kumar, Juliet Mancino, Maya Sabatello, Shannon Roth, Christina Nicolaidis, the Working to increase Inclusivity in Research Ethics (WIRE) Consortium (2025). Guidelines for the Creation of Accessible Consent Materials and Procedures: Lessons from Research with Autistic People and People with Intellectual Disability. Autism in Adulthood.
Jeremy R. Parr, Helen Taylor, Colin Wilson, Clare Scarlett, Sarah Al-Ashmori, Carole Buckley, Sally-Ann Cooper, Cristina Fernandez-Garcia, Tracy Finch, Rhianna Lees, Nicholas Lennox, Hannah Merrick, Sebastian Moss, Christina Nicolaidis, Malcolm Osborne, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Tomos Robinson, Anna Urbanowicz, James M.S. Wason, Barry Ingham (2024). Health checks for autistic adults: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. Trials, 25(1), 858-858.
Aimee Grant*Autistic author. Learn more… , Gemma Williams*Autistic author. Learn more… , Harriet Axbey*Autistic author. Learn more… , Abigail Wilkins, Ellen Firth, Hazel Lim, Helen Cave, Kathryn Williams*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kay Ribbons, Madeleine Sinfield, Monique Craine*Autistic author. Learn more… , Selena Caemawr*Autistic author. Learn more… , Willow Holloway*Autistic author. Learn more… , Amy Brown, Christina Nicolaidis, Helen Kara*Autistic author. Learn more… , Rebecca Ellis*Autistic author. Learn more… (2024). Participatory longitudinal qualitative interview study to understand Autistic gynaecological and obstetric health: the Autism from menstruation to menopause study protocol. BMJ Open, 14(12), e088343.
Hillary K. Schiltz, Zachary J. Williams*Autistic author. Learn more… , Shuting Zheng, Elizabeth A. Kaplan-Kahn, Hannah E. Morton*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kashia A. Rosenau, Christina Nicolaidis, Alexandra Sturm, Catherine Lord, Autism PROMnet (2024). Measurement matters: A commentary on the state of the science on patient reported outcome measures ( PROMs ) in autism research. Autism Research, 17(4), 690-701.
Aimee Grant*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kathryn Williams*Autistic author. Learn more… , Karen Henry*Autistic author. Learn more… , Willow Holloway*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis, Helen Kara*Autistic author. Learn more… , Amy Brown (2024). Co-developing an Autism Research Funding Application to Facilitate Ethical and Participatory Research: The Autism from Menstruation to Menopause Project. In The Palgrave Handbook of Research Methods and Ethics in Neurodiversity Studies (pp. 61-79). Springer Nature Switzerland.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis (2024). Neurodivergent Futures. In The Palgrave Handbook of Research Methods and Ethics in Neurodiversity Studies (pp. 423-435). Springer Nature Switzerland.
Desiree R Jones, Christina Nicolaidis, TC Waisman*Autistic author. Learn more… , Alana J. McVey, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Brenna Maddox (2023). Mindshift in autism: a call to professionals in research, clinical, and educational settings. UNC Libraries.
Alana J. McVey, Desiree R Jones, TC Waisman*Autistic author. Learn more… , Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis, Brenna Maddox (2023). Mindshift in autism: a call to professionals in research, clinical, and educational settings. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1251058-1251058.
Kristina Lopez, Christina Nicolaidis, Arianne Garcia, TC Waisman*Autistic author. Learn more… , M. Ariel Cascio, Bin Feng (2022). An Expert Roundtable Discussion on Intersectionality and Autism in Adulthood. Autism in Adulthood, 4(4), 258-264.
Helen Taylor, Barry Ingham, David Mason*Autistic author. Learn more… , Tracy Finch, Colin Wilson, Clare Scarlett, Sebastian Moss, Carole Buckley, Anna Urbanowicz, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Charlotte Seiboth, Rhianna Lees, Deborah Garland, Malcolm Osborne, Nicholas Lennox, Sally-Ann Cooper, Christina Nicolaidis, Jeremy R. Parr (2022). Co-design of an NHS primary care health check for autistic adults. Autism, 27(4), 1079-1091.
David Mason*Autistic author. Learn more… , Helen Taylor, Barry Ingham, Tracy Finch, Colin Wilson, Clare Scarlett, Anna Urbanowicz, Christina Nicolaidis, Nicholas Lennox, Sebastian Moss, Carole Buckley, Sally-Ann Cooper, Malcolm Osborne, Deborah Garland, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Jeremy R. Parr (2022). Views about primary care health checks for autistic adults: UK survey findings. BJGP Open, 6(4), BJGPO.2022.0067.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mirah Sharer, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Laurie E. Powers, Katherine McDonald, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Ian Moura*Autistic author. Learn more… , Anna Furra Wallington*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis (2022). “[I] don’t wanna just be like a cog in the machine”: Narratives of autism and skilled employment. Autism, 27(1), 65-75.
Desiree R Jones, Christina Nicolaidis, Lisa J. Ellwood, Arianne Garcia, Khalilah R. Johnson, Kristina Lopez, TC Waisman*Autistic author. Learn more… (2020). An Expert Discussion on Structural Racism in Autism Research and Practice. Autism in Adulthood, 2(4), 273-281.
Christina Nicolaidis, Kelly Y. Zhen, Junghee Lee, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Lisa A. Croen, Anna Urbanowicz, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mirah Scharer (2020). Psychometric testing of a set of patient-reported instruments to assess healthcare interventions for autistic adults. Autism, 25(3), 786-799.
Christina Nicolaidis, Gavin Schnider, Junghee Lee, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Lisa A. Croen, Anna Urbanowicz, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… (2020). Development and psychometric testing of the AASPIRE Adult Autism Healthcare Provider Self-Efficacy Scale. Autism, 25(3), 767-773.
Sarah Cassidy, Christina Nicolaidis, Bethan Davies, Shannon des Roches Rosa, David P. Eisenman, Morénike Giwa Onaiwu*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Clarissa Kripke, Jacqui Rodgers, TC Waisman*Autistic author. Learn more… (2020). An Expert Discussion on Autism in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Autism in Adulthood, 2(2), 106-117.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Alan R. Teo, Nicole A. Steckler, Brandy Lentz, Mirah Scharer, Austin Delos Santos, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Morrigan Hunter*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis (2020). “Having All of Your Internal Resources Exhausted Beyond Measure and Being Left with No Clean-Up Crew”: Defining Autistic Burnout. Autism in Adulthood, 2(2), 132-143.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Emily M. Lund, Sandra M. Leotti, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Marsha Katz, Leanne Beers, Clarissa Kripke, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Morrigan Hunter*Autistic author. Learn more… , Kelly Y. Zhen (2020). Creating Accessible Survey Instruments for Use with Autistic Adults and People with Intellectual Disability: Lessons Learned and Recommendations. Autism in Adulthood, 2(1), 61-76.
Nidhi Singhal, Christina Nicolaidis, Alexia Ratazzi, Tomás Corrons, Saima Wazed Hossain, Qazi Fazli Azeem*Autistic author. Learn more… , Pooja Panesar, Shubhangi Vaidya, Karen Muriuki (2019). An Expert Discussion on Autism in Adulthood in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Autism in Adulthood, 1(4), 241-247.
David Mason*Autistic author. Learn more… , Barry Ingham, Anna Urbanowicz, Cos Michael*Autistic author. Learn more… , Heather Birtles, Marc Woodbury-Smith, Toni Brown, Ian A James, Clare Scarlett, Christina Nicolaidis, Jeremy R. Parr (2019). A Systematic Review of What Barriers and Facilitators Prevent and Enable Physical Healthcare Services Access for Autistic Adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(8), 3387-3400.
Anna Urbanowicz, Christina Nicolaidis, Jacquiline den Houting*Autistic author. Learn more… , Stephen Mark Shore*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katie Gaudion, Sonya Girdler, Ralph James Savarese (2019). An Expert Discussion on Strengths-Based Approaches in Autism. Autism in Adulthood, 1(2), 82-89.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mel Baggs*Autistic author. Learn more… , Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Michael Weiner, Joelle Maslak*Autistic author. Learn more… , Morrigan Hunter*Autistic author. Learn more… , Andrea Joyce*Autistic author. Learn more… (2019). The AASPIRE practice-based guidelines for the inclusion of autistic adults in research as co-researchers and study participants. Autism, 23(8), 2007-2019.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Michael Weiner, Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis (2019). Development of the AASPIRE Web Accessibility Guidelines for Autistic Web Users. Autism in Adulthood, 1(2), 146-157.
Christina Nicolaidis, Damian Milton*Autistic author. Learn more… , Noah Sasson, Elizabeth Sheppard, M. Remi Yergeau*Autistic author. Learn more… (2018). An Expert Discussion on Autism and Empathy. Autism in Adulthood, 1(1), 4-11.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , Martha Gerrity, Mel Baggs*Autistic author. Learn more… , Clarissa Kripke, Sarah Hourston, Christina Nicolaidis (2016). Barriers to healthcare: Instrument development and comparison between autistic adults and adults with and without other disabilities. Autism, 21(8), 972-984.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Michael Weiner, Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , Martha Gerrity, Clarissa Kripke, Laura Platt, Mel Baggs*Autistic author. Learn more… (2016). The Development and Evaluation of an Online Healthcare Toolkit for Autistic Adults and their Primary Care Providers. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 31(10), 1180-1189.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Marsha Katz, Mary Oschwald, Rebecca Goe, Sandra M. Leotti, Leah Grantham, Eddie Plourde, Janice Salomon, Rosemary B. Hughes, Laurie E. Powers (2015). Community-Based Participatory Research to Adapt Health Measures for Use by People With Developmental Disabilities. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 9(2), 141-143.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Sebastian Dern*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mel Baggs*Autistic author. Learn more… , Steven K. Kapp*Autistic author. Learn more… , Michael Weiner, W. Cody Boisclair*Autistic author. Learn more… (2015). “Respect the way I need to communicate with you”: Healthcare experiences of adults on the autism spectrum. Autism, 19(7), 824-831.
Christina Nicolaidis, Clarissa Kripke, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… (2014). Primary Care for Adults on the Autism Spectrum. Medical Clinics of North America, 98(5), 1169-1191.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… (2013). Healthcare Experiences of Autistic Adults. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 28(7), 871-871.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Sebastian Dern*Autistic author. Learn more… , W. Cody Boisclair*Autistic author. Learn more… , Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mel Baggs*Autistic author. Learn more… (2012). Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 28(6), 761-769.
Christina Nicolaidis (2012). What Can Physicians Learn from the Neurodiversity Movement? AMA Journal of Ethics, 14(6), 503-510.
Christina Nicolaidis, Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Katherine McDonald, Sebastian Dern*Autistic author. Learn more… , Elesia Ashkenazy*Autistic author. Learn more… , W. Cody Boisclair*Autistic author. Learn more… , Scott Robertson*Autistic author. Learn more… , Mel Baggs*Autistic author. Learn more… (2011). Collaboration Strategies in Nontraditional Community-Based Participatory Research Partnerships: Lessons From an Academic–Community Partnership With Autistic Self-Advocates. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 5(2), 143-150.
Dora M. Raymaker*Autistic author. Learn more… , Christina Nicolaidis (2010). Participatory Research With Autistic Communities. In Worlds of Autism (pp. 169-188). University of Minnesota Press.