Ce que nous savons et ne savons pas sur le camouflage, la gestion des impressions et la santé mentale et le bien-être chez les personnes autistes

Titre original en anglais : What We Know and Do Not Know About Camouflaging, Impression Management, and Mental Health and Wellbeing in Autistic People

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Khudiakova, V., Alexandrovsky, M., Ai, W., & Lai, M. C. (2024). What We Know and Do Not Know About Camouflaging, Impression Management, and Mental Health and Wellbeing in Autistic People. Autism Research, 18(2), 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3299

Date de publication: 24/12/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 04/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Valeria Khudiakova
  2. Mishel Alexandrovsky *
  3. Wei Ai
  4. Meng-Chuan Lai

Résumé

Le camouflage est une stratégie de gestion des impressions employée par certaines personnes autistes, largement considérée comme une réponse à la stigmatisation omniprésente entourant l’autisme dans la société. Les récits et les expériences vécues des personnes autistes établissent constamment un lien entre le camouflage et l’anxiété, la dépression, les risques suicidaires et l’épuisement autistique. La recherche quantitative doit encore déterminer la nature de ces relations, une part importante des études récentes fournissant des données probantes incohérentes. Bien que le camouflage puisse être une stratégie de survie imposée dans les environnements sociaux, il pourrait également contribuer à des résultats positifs tels que l’obtention d’un emploi et la formation de relations sociales positives, ce qui implique une interrelation complexe avec la santé mentale et le bien-être. Nous préconisons l’utilisation d’un cadre transactionnel de gestion des impressions pour comprendre le camouflage et le bien-être et résoudre les incohérences de la recherche. En examinant les transactions entre les caractéristiques individuelles et cognitives d’une personne, les stratégies de modification du comportement et les contextes sociaux particuliers dans lesquels elle se trouve, ce cadre oriente de nouvelles directions de recherche empirique afin de délimiter les relations entre le camouflage, la gestion des impressions, la santé mentale et le bien-être. Il est nécessaire de développer de multiples mesures du camouflage qui délimitent les motivations, la capacité, l’effort requis et l’efficacité perçue du camouflage, et d’examiner la manière dont les comportements sociaux d’une personne sont perçus dans différents environnements sociaux. La recherche devrait également se concentrer sur l’intersectionnalité, les influences socioculturelles et la diversité des voix autistes afin d’étudier les expériences de camouflage sensibles au contexte dans l’ensemble de la population autiste.

Camouflaging is an impression management strategy employed by some autistic people, widely seen as a response to the pervasive stigma surrounding autism in society. Autistic narratives and lived experiences consistently link camouflaging to anxiety, depression, suicide risks, and autistic burnout. Quantitative research is yet to determine the nature of these relationships, with a significant portion of recent studies providing inconsistent evidence. While camouflaging can be a compelled survival strategy in social environments, it might also contribute to positive outcomes such as securing employment and forming positive social relationships, implicating a complex interrelationship with mental health and wellbeing. We advocate for using a transactional impression management framework to understand camouflaging and wellbeing and address the inconsistencies in research. Through examining the transactions among a person's individual and cognitive characteristics, behavior modification strategies, and the particular social contexts they find themselves in, this framework guides new empirical research directions to delineate the relationships between camouflaging, impression management, mental health, and wellbeing. There is a need to develop multiple measures of camouflaging that delineate the motivations, ability, effortfulness, and perceived effectiveness of camouflaging and examine how a person's social behaviors are perceived in different social environments. Research should also focus on intersectionality, sociocultural influences, and diverse autistic voices to study context-sensitive camouflaging experiences across the autistic population.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
65
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
5 / 65 (7,7 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
8 / 259 (3,1 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 8 / 107 (7,5 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 8 / 201 (4,0 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
107 / 259 (41,3 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 62 / 201 (30,8 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
99 / 107 (92,5 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 99 / 259 (38,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 54 / 62 (87,1 %).
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