Hyperfocalisation, attention adhérente et attention rebondissante chez les jeunes enfants autistes : associations avec les comportements sensoriels et les capacités cognitives

Titre original en anglais : Hyper‐focus, sticky attention, and springy attention in young autistic children: Associations with sensory behaviors and cognitive ability

Dwyer, P., Sillas, A., Prieto, M., Camp, E., Nordahl, C. W., & Rivera, S. M. (2024). Hyper‐focus, sticky attention, and springy attention in young autistic children: Associations with sensory behaviors and cognitive ability. Autism Research, 17(8), 1677-1695. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3174

Date de publication: 05/06/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
6
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 6 (16,7 %)

Résumé

Le modèle de monotropisme élaboré par des personnes autistes suggère qu'une hyperfocalisation attentionnelle atypique, générale à tous les domaines, sur les intérêts constitue un aspect central de l'autisme, mais les différences attentionnelles générales à tous les domaines dans l'autisme peuvent se manifester différemment. Des recherches antérieures suggèrent que les enfants autistes sont souvent lents à désengager leur attention des stimuli — un schéma souvent appelé « attention adhérente » — et qu'ils peuvent présenter une préférence réduite pour la nouveauté. Ces schémas attentionnels pourraient influencer les expériences sensorielles et l'apprentissage. Nous avons utilisé l'oculométrie pour étudier la préférence pour la nouveauté et l'« attention adhérente » chez de jeunes enfants autistes ; nous avons également examiné si les schémas attentionnels étaient liés aux capacités cognitives et à la réactivité sensorielle rapportée par les aidants. Au total, 46 participants autistes et 28 participants non autistes, âgés de 2 à 4 ans, ont fourni des données utilisables. Nous n'avons trouvé aucune preuve que les enfants autistes présentaient une « attention adhérente » plus importante que les non-autistes, mais l'« attention adhérente » dans l'autisme était associée à une hyperréactivité sensorielle, à des comportements de recherche/d'intérêts et à une perception accrue davantage rapportés par les aidants. Les enfants autistes tendaient également, de manière non significative, à présenter une préférence réduite pour la nouveauté. De façon inattendue, l'évolution temporelle de cette différence tendancielle de préférence pour la nouveauté impliquait qu'elle n'était pas due à une orientation réduite vers la nouveauté, mais à un retour accru vers des stimuli déjà familiarisés : ce que nous appelons l'« attention rebondissante ». Des analyses exploratoires des données issues de la tâche de désengagement attentionnel suggèrent que les participants autistes pourraient avoir présenté une plus grande « attention rebondissante », bien que des recherches supplémentaires utilisant des paradigmes optimisés pour mesurer ce construit devraient le confirmer. Il est important de noter que l'« attention rebondissante » était fortement liée à des capacités cognitives réduites et à une hyporéactivité plus importante rapportée par les aidants. Ainsi, cette étude met en lumière deux schémas attentionnels distincts, généraux à tous les domaines, chacun présentant des corrélats distincts chez les jeunes enfants autistes, ce qui pourrait avoir des implications importantes pour comprendre l'apprentissage, le développement et les expériences des enfants autistes.

The autistic-developed monotropism account suggests that atypical, domain-general attentional hyper-focus on interests is a central aspect of autism, but domain-general attention differences in autism can manifest differently. Prior research suggests autistic children are often slow to disengage attention from stimuli-a pattern often called "sticky attention"-and that they can show reduced novelty preference. These attentional patterns could influence sensory experiences and learning. We used eye-tracking to investigate novelty preference and "sticky attention" in young autistic children; we also examined whether attentional patterns were related to cognitive abilities and caregiver-reported sensory responsiveness. A total of 46 autistic and 28 nonautistic participants, aged between 2 and 4 years, provided usable data. We found no evidence that autistic children exhibited greater "sticky attention" than nonautistics, but "sticky attention" in autism was associated with more caregiver-reported sensory hyper-responsiveness, seeking/interests, and enhanced perception. Autistic children also nonsignificantly trended toward exhibiting reduced novelty preference. Unexpectedly, the time-course of this trending novelty preference difference implied it was not driven by reduced orienting to novelty, but increased returning to already-familiarized stimuli: what we call "springy attention." Exploratory analyses of data from the attentional disengagement task suggest autistic participants may have exhibited greater "springy attention," though further research with paradigms optimized for measuring this construct should confirm this. Importantly, "springy attention" was robustly related to reduced cognitive abilities and greater caregiver-reported hypo-responsiveness. Thus, this study illuminates two distinct domain-general attentional patterns, each with distinct correlates in young autistic children, which could have important implications for understanding autistic children's learning, development, and experiences.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
100
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
13 / 100 (13,0 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
24 / 379 (6,3 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 24 / 142 (16,9 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 12 / 306 (3,9 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
142 / 379 (37,5 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 83 / 306 (27,1 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
118 / 142 (83,1 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 118 / 379 (31,1 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 71 / 83 (85,5 %).
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