Expériences de jeunes autistes lors de la transition vers l'âge adulte à la suite du Children and Families Act 2014
Titre original en anglais : Autistic young people’s experiences of transitioning to adulthood following the Children and Families Act 2014
Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.
À propos de la mention auteur·ice autisteCrane, L., Davies, J., Fritz, A., O’Brien, S., Worsley, A., & Remington, A. (2021). Autistic young people’s experiences of transitioning to adulthood following the Children and Families Act 2014. British Educational Research Journal, 48(1), 22-48. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.3753
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Résumé
Des modifications de la législation relative aux besoins éducatifs particuliers et au handicap (SEND) en Angleterre ont été mises en oeuvre en 2014. Nous évaluons ici l'impact de ces modifications du point de vue de 80 jeunes autistes âgés de 16 à 25 ans. Au moyen d'une enquête en ligne et/ou d'entretiens, nous avons examiné les points de vue des jeunes sur trois principes clés des réformes SEND : l'aide et le soutien qui leur étaient apportés ; la question de savoir si leur avis était pris en compte dans les choix et le soutien qui leur étaient proposés ; et leur satisfaction à l'égard de leurs parcours et résultats éducatifs. Les résultats dressent un tableau contrasté. Notre échantillon de jeunes a fait état d'expériences variées concernant l'aide et le soutien qu'ils ont reçus, ainsi que la mesure dans laquelle leur avis était pris en compte concernant les choix et le soutien qui leur étaient accessibles. Les types de scolarisation auxquels ils avaient accès ont joué un rôle à cet égard : les jeunes dans les écoles ordinaires ont souligné des difficultés particulières pour accéder à un soutien approprié, tandis que de nombreux jeunes dans les écoles spécialisées ont déclaré se sentir bien soutenus. La défense des intérêts par les parents était cruciale pour tous les jeunes, de même que la présence de « champions » clés sous la forme d'enseignants qui les connaissaient réellement bien. La nécessité de développer des compétences générales de vie et d'auto-représentation était toutefois manifeste, en particulier pour préparer les jeunes à la vie après l'école. De manière encourageante, la plupart de nos participants étaient globalement satisfaits de leur situation actuelle, malgré l'identification de plusieurs domaines nécessitant des améliorations supplémentaires. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats soulignent l'importance d'écouter les jeunes autistes et d'apprendre d'eux, tout au long de leurs parcours éducatifs et particulièrement lors de leur transition vers l'âge adulte.
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