La nature de la perturbation identitaire chez les personnes autistes et les personnes ayant reçu un diagnostic de trouble de la personnalité limite : une étude à méthodes mixtes

Titre original en anglais : The Nature of Identity Disruption in Autistic People and People Diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Mixed-Methods Study

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Khudiakova, V., Sin, J., Thompson, E., Parker, J., & Barnicot, K. (2026). The Nature of Identity Disruption in Autistic People and People Diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Mixed-Methods Study. Research in Neurodiversity, Article 100084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rin.2026.100084

Date de publication: 01/10/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 19/10/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 5 (20,0 %)
  1. Valeria Khudiakova
  2. Jacqueline Sin
  3. Elissa Thompson
  4. Jennie Parker *
  5. Kirsten Barnicot

Résumé

Les recherches montrent que le trouble de la personnalité limite (TPL) est un diagnostic concomitant fréquent et le diagnostic erroné le plus souvent perçu chez les femmes autistes diagnostiquées à l'âge adulte et les personnes assignées femmes à la naissance (femmes et personnes AFAB). Un domaine potentiel de chevauchement entre l'autisme et le TPL est la perturbation identitaire, qui est étroitement associée au TPL et a également été liée au camouflage autistique. Cette étude à méthodes mixtes a comparé les expériences de perturbation identitaire chez des femmes autistes et des personnes AFAB, et chez des femmes et des personnes AFAB ayant reçu un diagnostic de TPL. Nous avons réalisé une analyse secondaire à méthodes mixtes de données issues de questionnaires d'autoévaluation et d'entretiens qualitatifs. Pour l'analyse quantitative, nous avons examiné les scores à une mesure du camouflage, les scores à une mesure de la perturbation identitaire et de ses trois sous-échelles, ainsi que les corrélations entre ces mesures, chez 51 femmes autistes et personnes AFAB et 51 femmes et personnes AFAB diagnostiquées avec un TPL, toutes présentant de faibles traits du diagnostic comparateur. Les participantes autistes ont obtenu des scores significativement plus faibles dans tous les domaines de la perturbation identitaire. Trois items mesurant une identité diffuse/variable ne différaient pas significativement entre les deux groupes. Ce domaine était significativement associé au camouflage chez les participantes diagnostiquées avec un TPL. Nous avons réalisé une analyse déductive par cadre de 40 entretiens avec 13 participantes diagnostiquées autistes, 14 participantes diagnostiquées avec un TPL et 13 participantes diagnostiquées avec un TPL qui avaient également reçu un diagnostic d'autisme ou soupçonnaient être autistes. Les participantes autistes décrivaient généralement un fort sentiment sous-jacent de soi malgré le camouflage et les changements contextuels. L'absence d'identité semblait caractéristique du TPL et était liée au camouflage chez les participantes autistes et possiblement autistes diagnostiquées avec un TPL. Nos résultats suggèrent certaines différences dans les expériences de perturbation identitaire entre l'autisme et le TPL. Le camouflage est apparu comme un phénomène transdiagnostique lié à la perturbation identitaire, bien qu'il ait semblé plus délibéré chez les participantes autistes. Les chercheurs et les cliniciens devraient être attentifs à ces domaines de chevauchement.

Research shows that borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common co-occurring diagnosis and the most frequently perceived misdiagnosis in adult-diagnosed autistic women and people assigned female at birth (women and AFAB people). One potential area of overlap between autism and BPD is identity disruption, which is closely associated with BPD and has also been linked to autistic camouflaging. This mixed-methods study compared experiences of identity disruption in autistic women and AFAB people and women and AFAB people with a BPD diagnosis. We performed a secondary mixed-methods analysis of data from self-report questionnaires and qualitative interviews. For the quantitative analysis, we examined scores on a measure of camouflaging, scores on a measure of identity disruption and its three subscales, and correlations between them in 51 autistic women and AFAB people and 51 women and AFAB people diagnosed with BPD, all with low traits of the comparator diagnosis. Autistic participants scored significantly lower on all domains of identity disruption. Three items measuring diffused/variable identity did not differ significantly between the two groups. This domain was significantly associated with camouflaging in participants diagnosed with BPD. We performed a deductive framework analysis of 40 interviews with 13 diagnosed autistic participants, 14 participants diagnosed with BPD, and 13 participants diagnosed with BPD who were also diagnosed with autism or suspected they were autistic. Autistic participants generally described a strong underlying sense of self despite camouflaging/contextual shifts. Lack of identity appeared to be characteristic of BPD and was related to camouflaging in autistic and possibly autistic participants diagnosed with BPD. Our findings suggest some differences in experiences of identity disruption between autism and BPD. Camouflaging emerged as a transdiagnostic phenomenon linked to identity disruption, though it appeared more deliberate in autistic participants. Researchers and clinicians should be mindful of these areas of overlap.

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Références citées
90
Avec un DOI
73
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
17
14 / 90 (15,6 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
1 / 90 (1,1 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
90 / 90 (100,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
0
Sans titre structuré
1
Sans identifiant stable
17
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
334
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
334
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
154 / 334 (46,1 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 180 / 334 (53,9 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
25 / 334 (7,5 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 25 / 154 (16,2 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 21 / 286 (7,3 %).
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