Unveiling the Perceptions of Autism-Related Chinese Language Among the Autism Community and the General Public

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Lao, U., Dai, J., Liang, F., Chen, Q., Cao, W., Pan, Y., Zou, X., & Zhu, H. (2024). Unveiling the Perceptions of Autism-Related Chinese Language Among the Autism Community and the General Public. Autism in Adulthood, 8(3), 423-442. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2024.0001

Publication date: 21 Nov 2024 Added to AutiHub: 22 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
8
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 8 (12.5%)
  1. Uchong Lao *
  2. Jiamin Dai
  3. Fengjing Liang
  4. Qian Chen
  1. Wei Cao
  2. Yueran Pan
  3. Xiaobing Zou
  4. Huilin Zhu

Abstract

Background: Recently, the discussion surrounding autism-related language has gained prominence within Western autism communities, but studies about how people perceive Chinese autism-related language are notably scarce. Methods: We conducted an online survey between June 23 and July 29, 2023, targeting Chinese language users (mostly from the Chinese mainland) using convenience sampling. Utilizing 7-point scales, our study aimed to assess preferences, perceptions of offensiveness, and familiarity with 13 autism-related terms categorized into formal terminologies, functioning labels, and community terms. A diverse sample of 1,016 individuals, aged 14.75 to 72.49 years, participated. We employed analysis of variance models to analyze distinctions and similarities across identity groups, including autism stakeholders and the general public. To further explore the underlying attitudes, we employed cluster analysis to group individuals based on their endorsements of the terms. Results: Among the respondents, the Chinese translations of Neurodiversity (神经多样性), Spectrum (谱系), and Autism1 spectrum disorder (孤独症谱系障碍) emerged as highly favored and low offensive terms, particularly among autistic individuals and parents of autistic children. In contrast, the respondents generally considered Closed-off kid (闭娃), High/low function (高/低功能), Autism2 (自闭症), and Autism2 spectrum disorder (自闭症谱系障碍) less favored and more offensive. Cluster analysis identified variable attitude clusters, revealing no uniform perception across and within different identity groups. Conclusions: While different identity groups demonstrated some similarities in their perception of autism-related terms, our findings highlight the lack of a universally accepted approach to discussing Chinese autism-related terms. This research extends the discourse on autism-related terminology beyond Western contexts and highlights the social identity and cultural aspects in the translation and construction of autism-related terminologies.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 11:55.

Cited references
106
With a DOI
67
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
37
19 / 106 (17.9%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
16 / 106 (15.1%)
References with detected author names
90 / 106 (84.9%)
Without detected author names
16
Without a structured title
14
Without a stable identifier
36
References with raw author names still to review
14
References with external metadata lookup issues
4
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
376
From DOI or external metadata
376
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
16
203 / 376 (54.0%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 173 / 376 (46.0%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
63 / 376 (16.8%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 63 / 203 (31.0%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 49 / 333 (14.7%).
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