Does Language Matter? Identity-First Versus Person-First Language Use in Autism Research: A Response to Vivanti

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Botha, M., Hanlon, J., & Williams, G. (2021). Does Language Matter? Identity-First Versus Person-First Language Use in Autism Research: A Response to Vivanti. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53(2), 870-878. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04858-w

Publication date: 20 Jan 2021 Added to AutiHub: 5 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
2 / 3 (66.7%)
  1. Monique Botha *
  2. Jacqueline Hanlon
  3. Gemma Williams *

Abstract

In response to Vivanti's 'Ask The Editor…' paper [Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(2), 691-693], we argue that the use of language in autism research has material consequences for autistic people including stigmatisation, dehumanisation, and violence. Further, that the debate in the use of person-first language versus identity-first language should centre first and foremost on the needs, autonomy, and rights of autistic people, so in to preserve their rights to self-determination. Lastly, we provide directions for future research.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 07:47.

Cited references
92
With a DOI
58
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
24
22 / 92 (23.9%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
23 / 92 (25.0%)
References with detected author names
73 / 92 (79.3%)
Without detected author names
19
Without a structured title
20
Without a stable identifier
24
References with raw author names still to review
13
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
201
From DOI or external metadata
201
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
17
117 / 201 (58.2%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 84 / 201 (41.8%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
39 / 201 (19.4%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 39 / 117 (33.3%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 25 / 167 (15.0%).
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