Contexte socioculturel et qualité de vie des personnes autistes : une comparaison entre le Québec et la France

Titre original en anglais : Sociocultural context and autistics’ quality of life: A comparison between Québec and France

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Caron, V., Jeanneret, N., Giroux, M., Guerrero, L., Ouimet, M., d’Arc, B. F., Soulières, I., & Courcy, I. (2021). Sociocultural context and autistics’ quality of life: A comparison between Québec and France. Autism, 26(4), 900-913. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211035229

Date de publication: 30/07/2021 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 8 (25,0 %)
  1. Vicky Caron
  2. Nuria Jeanneret
  3. Mathieu Giroux *
  4. Lucila Guerrero *
  1. Mélanie Ouimet
  2. Baudouin Forgeot d’Arc
  3. Isabelle Soulières
  4. Isabelle Courcy

Résumé

La qualité de vie est importante pour l’élaboration et l’évaluation des interventions destinées aux personnes autistes. Il s’agit d’un concept multidimensionnel, ancré dans un contexte socioculturel et fondé sur l’évaluation subjective qu’une personne fait de sa vie. L’objectif de cette étude est d’examiner si les déterminants de la qualité de vie perçue varient selon le pays (ou la culture) en comparant deux groupes d’adultes autistes francophones (n = 430), l’un en France et l’autre au Québec (Canada). Une enquête transversale a été menée afin de recueillir des informations sur la qualité de vie (Autism Quality of Life Measure—ASQoL), le diagnostic et les problèmes de santé, l’autoévaluation des traits autistiques (Autism-Spectrum Quotient—AQ10) et les caractéristiques sociodémographiques de ces deux échantillons. Les résultats de notre comparaison d’adultes autistes francophones en France et au Québec suggèrent que le contexte socioculturel a une incidence sur la qualité de vie des personnes autistes (r 2 = 0.280). Le groupe du Québec a déclaré une qualité de vie supérieure. L’expérience sociale de la stigmatisation liée à l’autisme apparaît comme un puissant prédicteur d’une qualité de vie plus faible dans les deux groupes. Cependant, les deux groupes diffèrent quant aux autres prédicteurs. Cette étude démontre l’importance de prendre en compte le contexte socioculturel dans la mesure de la qualité de vie chez les adultes autistes. Elle souligne la nécessité de programmes de sensibilisation et de campagnes publiques visant à identifier et à contrer les processus de stigmatisation. Résumé non technique Ce qui est déjà connu sur le sujet ? La qualité de vie renvoie à la manière dont les personnes perçoivent des aspects de leur vie tels que la santé physique, la sécurité matérielle et les relations interpersonnelles. Des études ont fait état d’une qualité de vie plus faible chez les personnes autistes que dans la population générale. Quelle est la contribution de cet article ? Cet article contribue à une meilleure compréhension de la qualité de vie et de ses mesures du point de vue des adultes autistes. En comparant deux groupes d’adultes autistes francophones issus de deux lieux différents (France et Québec—Canada), cette recherche montre que la perception de la qualité de vie et ses facteurs déterminants diffèrent pour les adultes autistes vivant dans chaque pays. Le groupe du Québec a déclaré une qualité de vie supérieure, et certains prédicteurs de la qualité de vie étaient différents dans chaque groupe. L’expérience sociale de la stigmatisation liée à l’autisme était toutefois un puissant prédicteur de la qualité de vie pour tous. Implications pour la pratique, la recherche et les politiques Afin de favoriser une meilleure qualité de vie pour les personnes autistes, il est important de prendre en compte le contexte socioculturel et de mettre en œuvre des programmes de sensibilisation et des campagnes publiques visant à identifier et à contrer les processus de stigmatisation.

Quality of life is important for the development and evaluation of interventions for autistic people. It is a multidimensional concept, anchored in a sociocultural context and based on a person’s subjective assessment of their life. The aim of this study is to examine whether the determinants of perceived quality of life vary by country (or culture) by comparing two groups of French-speaking autistic adults ( n = 430), one in France and the other in Québec (Canada). A cross-sectional survey was conducted to provide information on the quality of life (Autism Quality of Life Measure—ASQoL), diagnosis and health conditions, self-evaluation of autistic traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient—AQ10), and sociodemographic characteristics of these two samples. The results of our comparison of French-speaking autistic adults in France and Québec suggest that sociocultural context has an impact on autistic people’s quality of life ( r 2 = 0.280). The Québec group reported a superior quality of life. The social experience of autism-related stigmatization emerges as a strong predictor of lower quality of life in both groups. However, the two groups differ with other predictors. This study demonstrates the importance of considering sociocultural context in measuring quality of life in autistic adults. It emphasizes the need for awareness programs and public campaigns aimed at identifying and countering stigmatization processes. Lay abstract What is already known about the topic? Quality of life refers to how people perceive aspects of their life such as physical health, material security, and interpersonal relationships. Studies have reported lower quality of life among autistic individuals than in the general population. What does this article contribute? This article contributes to a better understanding of quality of life and its measures from the point of view of autistic adults. By comparing two groups of French-speaking autistic adults from two different places (France and Québec—Canada), this research shows that the perception of quality of life and its determining factors differ for autistic adults living in each country. The Québec group reported a superior quality of life, and some quality of life predictors were different in each group. The social experience of autism-related stigmatization, however, was a powerful predictor of quality of life for all. Implications for practice, research, and policy To promote a higher quality of life for autistic people, it is important to consider the sociocultural context and implement awareness programs and public campaigns aimed at identifying and countering stigmatization processes.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
67
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
8 / 67 (11,9 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
17 / 195 (8,7 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 17 / 93 (18,3 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 10 / 171 (5,8 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
93 / 195 (47,7 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 71 / 171 (41,5 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
76 / 93 (81,7 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 76 / 195 (39,0 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 61 / 71 (85,9 %).
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