A good autistic life: an autistic-led conceptualization of autistic flourishing through autistic women’s-lived experiences

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. eight authors of this publication are identified as autistic in the project.

About the autistic author marker

Hedlund, Å., Wester, M. E., Edenvik, P., Ingard, C., Isakson, K., Sabel, L. K., Unéus, D., Lindström, T., Black, M. H., & Bertilsdotter Rosqvist, H. (2025). A good autistic life: an autistic-led conceptualization of autistic flourishing through autistic women’s-lived experiences. Frontiers in Sociology, 10, 1611803-1611803. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1611803

Publication date: 24 Sep 2025 Added to AutiHub: 4 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
10
Publication authors identified as autistic
8 / 10 (80.0%)

Abstract

Introduction and objective: Interest in developing an understanding of "autistic flourishing" is steadily increasing in research and autistic communities. Flourishing is a multidimensional construct explained somewhat by positive emotion, but mostly by good psychological and social functioning. Autistic people process information and stimuli differently from neurotypical people, so it may be reasonable to assume that their definition of flourishing and the factors that influence it may differ from those of neurotypical people. Exploring flourishing from autistic women's perspectives is essential, as they have been historically overlooked in autism research, despite differing from autistic men in presentation and facing higher mental health risks. Methods: This autistic-led, partly collective, autoethnographic study was conducted within the context of a broader project exploring the concept of autistic flourishing. Here, we employ a two-phased phenomenological approach, drawing on both autistic and neurotypical frames of analyses. In the first phase, autistic women draw on their lived experiences in a collective autoethnography, including both focus groups and collective writing, to shape the concept of flourishing and its indicators. These insights were further developed by neurotypical authors, who compare to neurotypical experiences and conceptualizations of flourishing. Results: Two themes and twelve subthemes were identified. The first theme, "Living with a neurodivergent bodymind," presents how autistic women define and experience flourishing. The second theme, "Strategies for autistic flourishing," highlights actions autistic women take to achieve or maintain flourishing. Discussion and conclusion: Through our autistic-led approach drawing on neurodiverse frames of analysis, our work presents a first initial investigation of autistic flourishing among women. Our findings suggest qualitative differences in autistic derived definitions of flourishing and its indicators compared to those of neurotypicals, emphasizing the importance of developing an autistic-driven understanding of flourishing.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 17:07.

Cited references
43
With a DOI
39
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
4
14 / 43 (32.6%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
2 / 43 (4.7%)
References with detected author names
42 / 43 (97.7%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
2
Without a stable identifier
4
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
159
From DOI or external metadata
159
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
93 / 159 (58.5%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 66 / 159 (41.5%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
36 / 159 (22.6%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 36 / 93 (38.7%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 28 / 149 (18.8%).
  1. Tasha M. Oswald , Mary Ann Winter-Messiers , Brandon Gibson , Alexandra M. Schmidt , Cynthia M. Herr , Marjorie Solomon (2016). Sex differences in internalizing problems during adolescence in autism spectrum disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(2), 624. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  2. Ahmed (2017). Living a Feminist Life . Living a Feminist Life.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  3. Christine Agenor , Norma Conner , Karen Aroian (2017). Flourishing: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis . Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 38(11), 915-923. Informa UK Limited.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  4. Vasiliki Kentrou , Lucy A Livingston , Rachel Grove , Rosa A. Hoekstra , Sander Begeer (2024). Perceived misdiagnosis of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults . eClinicalMedicine, 71, 102586. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  5. Becky Francis , Valerie Hey (2009). Talking back to power: snowballs in hell and the imperative of insisting on structural explanations . Gender and Education, 21(2), 225-232. Informa UK Limited.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  6. Javad Alaghband-rad , Arman Hajikarim-Hamedani , Mahtab Motamed (2023). Camouflage and masking behavior in adult autism . Front. Psychiatr., 14, 1108110-1108110. Frontiers Media SA.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  7. Laura Foran Lewis , Kailey Stevens (2023). The lived experience of meltdowns for autistic adults . Autism, 27(6), 1817-1825. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  8. Michelle Kiep , Annelies A. Spek (2017). Executive functioning in men and women with an autism spectrum disorder . Autism Research, 10(5), 940-948. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.1721 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2553181376
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  9. González Moreno, Andrés Santiago (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . American Psychiatric Association.
    Crossref
  10. Elizabeth Pellicano , Melanie Heyworth *Autistic author. Learn more… (2023). The Foundations of Autistic Flourishing . Current Psychiatry Reports, 25(9), 419-427. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
  11. Tyler J. VanderWeele (2017). On the promotion of human flourishing . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(31), 8148. National Academy of Sciences.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  12. Virginia Braun , Victoria Clarke (2022). Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide . QMiP Bulletin, 1(33), 46-50. British Psychological Society.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  13. Miranda Fricker (2007). Epistemic Injustice . Oxford University PressOxford.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  14. Agnieszka Rynkiewicz , Małgorzata Janas-Kozik , Agnieszka Słopień (2019). Girls and women with autism . Psychiatria Polska, 53(4), 737-752. Komitet Redakcyjno - Wydawniczy Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychiatrycznego.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  15. Iris Schneid , Aviad E. Raz (2020). The mask of autism: Social camouflaging and impression management as coping/normalization from the perspectives of autistic adults . Social Science & Medicine, 248(112), 112826. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  16. Rebecca A. Charlton , Timothy Entecott , Evelina Belova , Gabrielle Nwaordu (2021). “It feels like holding back something you need to say”: Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults accounts of sensory experiences and stimming . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 89, 101864. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  17. Laura Hull , K.V. Petrides , Will Mandy (2020). The Female Autism Phenotype and Camouflaging: a Narrative Review . Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 7(4), 306-317. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  18. Catherine McDermott (2022). Theorising the neurotypical gaze: autistic love and relationships in The Bridge (Bron/Broen 2011–2018) . Medical Humanities, 48(1), 51-62. BMJ.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  19. Jonathan Green , Nicola Shaughnessy (2023). Autistic phenomenology: past, present, and potential future . Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1287209-1287209. Frontiers Media SA.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  20. Karl Lundin Remnélius , Janina Neufeld , Johan Isaksson , Sven Bölte (2026). Does Camouflaging Cause Reduced Quality of Life? A Co-Twin Control Study . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 56(2), 709. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  21. Keren MacLennan , Sarah O’Brien *Autistic author. Learn more… , T. Tavassoli (2022). In Our Own Words: The Complex Sensory Experiences of Autistic Adults . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52(7), 3061-3075. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    AutiHub · Autistic Autism Scholarship Project Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  22. Pety So , André I Wierdsma , Christine van Boeijen , Robert RJM Vermeiren , Niels CL Mulder (2021). Gender differences between adolescents with autism in emergency psychiatry . Autism, 25(8), 2331-2340. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  23. David Jackson‐Perry , Hannah Bertilsdotter Rosqvist *Autistic author. Learn more… (2024). An Introduction to Research Methods and Ethics in Neurodiversity Studies . In The Palgrave handbook of research methods and ethics in neurodiversity studies (pp. 3-23). Springer Nature Switzerland.
    AutiHub · Autistic Autism Scholarship Project Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  24. Oren Shtayermman , Jason Fletcher (2022). Predictors of Suicide Attempts of Individuals with Autism and Their Siblings . Nursing Research and Practice, 2022, 1-8. Wiley.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  25. Miriam I. Martini , Ralf Kuja-Halkola , Agnieszka Butwicka , Ebba Du Rietz , Brian M. D’Onofrio , Francesca Happé et al. (2022). Sex Differences in Mental Health Problems and Psychiatric Hospitalization in Autistic Young Adults . JAMA Psychiatry, 79(12), 1188. American Medical Association (AMA).
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  26. Limburg (2022). Letters to my weird sisters . Letters to my weird sisters.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  27. Em JE Mittertreiner , Elise Ng-Cordell , Alana J. McVey , Connor Kerns (2024). Research methods at the intersection of gender diversity and autism: A scoping review . Autism, 28(12), 2953-2969. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  28. Natalie Yau , Sonia Anderson , Ian C. Smith (2023). How is psychological wellbeing experienced by autistic women? Challenges and protective factors: A meta-synthesis . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 102, 102101. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  29. Samantha M. Ross , Justin A. Haegele , Kristy A. Anderson , Sean Healy (2023). Evidence of item bias in a national flourishing measure for autistic youth . Autism Research, 16(4), 841-854. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.2900 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4319295065
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  30. Murray (2018). ref25
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  31. Emma Pritchard-Rowe , Carmen de Lemos , Katie Howard , Jenny Gibson (2024). Diversity in Autistic Play: Autistic Adults' Experiences . Autism in Adulthood, 6(2), 218-228. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  32. (1948). ref41
    Type: Other
    Crossref