Longitudinal Relationships Between Depressive Attributional Style and Internalizing Symptoms in an Autism-Enriched Sample of Incoming College Students

Authors

Abstract

Background: Anxiety and depression are among the most common psychiatric conditions reported in first-year college students. Autistic adults are estimated to face double the rate of anxiety and depression compared with non-autistic peers, influencing quality of life, social success, and academic performance. One potential avenue to understand and address internalizing symptoms in autistic adults beginning their college careers is depressive attributional style, a biased causal explanatory style in which negative life events are attributed to internal, stable, and global causes. The current study evaluates the relationship between depressive attributional style and symptoms of anxiety and depression across the first semester of college, as moderated by autistic traits. We also explore baseline depressive attributional style across additional marginalized aspects of identity based on race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation, and examine potential interaction effects of autistic traits on these relationships. Methods: Undergraduate students were recruited from four northeastern universities. Our sample (n = 144) includes 47 participants who self-identified or reported a formal autism diagnosis, and 97 non-autistic participants. Participants completed baseline and endpoint questionnaires, as well as a 2-minute biweekly survey, tracking changes in sadness, anhedonia, and anxiety throughout their first semester. Results: Longitudinal analyses demonstrate that elevated depressive attributional style at baseline predicted biweekly anxiety, sadness, and anhedonia symptoms across the semester. This pattern extended across (was not moderated by) levels of autistic traits, however, participants who reported higher autistic traits endorsed a significantly greater depressive attributional style at baseline, and greater anxiety, sadness, and anhedonia throughout the semester. The relationship between autistic traits and depressive attributional style was strongest for participants with a nonheterosexual orientation. Conclusion: This study underscores the autistic community-identified need for mental health research, with attention to intersecting identities, and suggests depressive attributional style for further investigation as a potential treatment target. Community Brief Why is this an important issue? In the first year of college, many students face challenges with anxiety and depression. Autistic students report even higher mental health concerns than non-autistic students. One way to understand why this happens is by looking at how college students explain negative events in their lives. Autistic students may have a more depressive attributional style, in which they see themselves as a cause of negative events and believe that bad things will persist. This outlook is known to contribute to anxiety and depression. What was the purpose of this study? We wanted to see how a depressive attributional style might relate to anxiety and depression over the first semester of college, and whether this is affected by autistic traits and stress. We also looked at how autistic traits influence the relationship between depressive attributional style and the marginalized aspects of identity based on race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. What did the researchers do? We gave surveys to college students about their attributional style and experiences with depression and anxiety. Participants completed several surveys both before and after their first semester at college. They also completed a brief survey two times per week during the semester. What were the results of the study? We found that a depressive attributional style at baseline (presemester) was related to depression and anxiety symptoms across the semester. Participants with higher levels of autistic traits reported a more depressive attributional style and greater depression and anxiety during the semester. Individuals with higher autistic traits who identify as LGBTQIA+ were more likely than heterosexual individuals with high autistic traits to have a more depressive attributional style. What do these findings add to what was already known? This study helps us understand that a depressive attributional style might be related to anxiety and depression in both autistic and non-autistic students. In addition, a depressive attributional style may be more common in autistic individuals. These findings could mean that helping people develop a more adaptive thinking about negative events could help prevent or treat anxiety and depression in college students. What are potential weaknesses in the study? Because we wanted our study to be accessible for autistic students without a formal diagnosis, we were unable to look at how the social identity of being autistic related to anxiety and depression throughout the semester. How will these findings help autistic adults now or in the future? These findings give us first evidence that a depressive attributional style appears to be related to anxiety and depression in autistic students. This suggests that interventions designed to address the depressive attributional style in non-autistic individuals could potentially benefit autistic individuals as well, which may support access to mental health treatment for the autistic community.

1. Lauren B. Alloy , Caroline M. Clements (1998). Hopelessness Theory of Depression: Tests of the Symptom Component . Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22(4), 303-335. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1018753028007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W48988323

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
2. Matthew J Hollocks , Jian Wei Lerh , Iliana Magiati , Richard Meiser-Stedman , Traolach Brugha (2019). Anxiety and depression in adults with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis . Psychological Medicine, 49(4), 559-572. Cambridge University Press (CUP).

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718002283 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2889987209

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
3. Jennifer Crocker , Brenda Major (1989). Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma. Psychological Review, 96(4), 608-630. American Psychological Association (APA).

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.96.4.608 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2047982742

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
4. Nancy Borkowski (2008). Organizational Behavior, Theory, and Design in Health Care .

   Type: Book OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W655895870

   OpenAlex
5. Chloe C. Hudson , Layla Hall , Kate L. Harkness (2019). Prevalence of Depressive Disorders in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Meta-Analysis . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 47(1), 165-175. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0402-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2792899115

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
6. Varun Warrier , David M. Greenberg , Elizabeth M Weir , Clara Buckingham , Paula Smith , Meng-Chuan Lai et al. (2020). Elevated rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses, and autistic traits in transgender and gender-diverse individuals . Nature Communications, 11(1), 3959-3959. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17794-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3048303946

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
7. David S. Mandell , Lisa D. Wiggins , Laura Arnstein Carpenter , Julie Daniels , Carolyn DiGuiseppi , Maureen S. Durkin et al. (2009). Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Identification of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders . American Journal of Public Health, 99(3), 493-498. American Public Health Association.

   Type: Article DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2007.131243 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1969090439

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
8. Victoria Nimmo-Smith , Hein Heuvelman , Christina Dalman , Michael Lundberg , Selma Idring , Peter Carpenter et al. (2020). Anxiety Disorders in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Population-Based Study . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(1), 308-318. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04234-3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2980907439

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
9. Clive J. Robins , Paul Block (1989). Cognitive theories of depression viewed from a diathesis-stress perspective: Evaluations of the models of Beck and of Abramson, Seligman, and Teasdale . Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13(4), 297-313. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

   Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/bf01173475 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2072318099

   Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
10. Heather J. Nuske , Giacomo Vivanti , Kristelle Hudry , Cheryl Dissanayake (2014). Pupillometry reveals reduced unconscious emotional reactivity in autism . Biological Psychology, 101, 24-35. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.07.003 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1981980030

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
11. Audrey Linden , Lawrence MJ Best , Freya Elise , Danielle Roberts , Aoife Branagan , Yong Boon Ernest Tay et al. (2023). Benefits and harms of interventions to improve anxiety, depression, and other mental health outcomes for autistic people: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials . Autism, 27(1), 7-30. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/13623613221117931 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4291158558

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
12. Yuko Kawanishi (1995). The effects of culture on beliefs about stress and coping: Causal attribution of Anglo-American and Japanese persons . Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 25(1), 49-60. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/bf02308668 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2060142707

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
13. Tianqiang Hu , Dajun Zhang , Zhengzhong Yang (2015). The Relationship Between Attributional Style for Negative Outcomes and Depression: A Meta-Analysis . Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 34(4), 304-321. Guilford Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2015.34.4.304 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1984959130

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
14. Neal Halfon , Christopher B. Forrest , Richard M. Lerner , Elaine M. Faustman (2018). Erratum to: Handbook of Life Course Health Development . Handbook of Life Course Health Development, E1-E1. Springer International Publishing.

    Type: Erratum DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47143-3_27 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2801519549

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
15. Wenzhen Li , Zhiya Zhao , Dajie Chen , Ying Peng , Zuxun Lu (2022). Prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students: a systematic review and meta‐analysis . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63(11), 1222-1230. Wiley.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13606 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4220969884

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
16. Shelly P. Harrell (2000). A multidimensional conceptualization of racism-related stress: Implications for the well-being of people of color. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 70(1), 42-57. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/h0087722 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1986274834

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
17. Eric W. Leppink , Brian L. Odlaug , Katherine Lust , Gary Christenson , Jon E. Grant (2016). The Young and the Stressed . Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 204(12), 931-938. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000586 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2516040209

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
18. Aaron T. Beck , R. A. Steer , G. Brown (2011). Beck Depression Inventory–II . PsycTESTS Dataset. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Dataset DOI: 10.1037/t00742-000 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2914765137

    Crossref OpenCitations
19. John F. Strang , Lauren Kenworthy , Peter Daniolos , Laura Case , Meagan C. Wills , Alex Martin et al. (2012). Depression and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders without intellectual disability . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 406-412. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2011.06.015 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1991589853

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
20. Daniel J. Laxman , Julie Lounds Taylor , Leann S. DaWalt , Jan S. Greenberg , Marsha R. Mailick (2019). Loss in services precedes high school exit for teens with autism spectrum disorder: A longitudinal study . Autism Research, 12(6), 911-921. Wiley.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.2113 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2943778318

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
21. Xiaomei Wang , Sudeep Hegde , Changwon Son , Bruce Keller , Alec Smith , Farzan Sasangohar (2020). Investigating Mental Health of US College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study . Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), e22817. JMIR Publications Inc..

    Type: Article DOI: 10.2196/22817 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3084167506

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
22. Paola Pedrelli , Maren Nyer , Albert Yeung , Courtney Zulauf , Timothy Wilens (2015). College Students: Mental Health Problems and Treatment Considerations . Academic Psychiatry, 39(5), 503-511. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s40596-014-0205-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1996007928

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
23. Béibhinn Walsh , Rhona Dempsey , Margaret Lawler (2021). Family perspectives on educational experiences, post-school needs, and quality of life of young autistic adults . Irish Educational Studies, 40(3), 571-588. Informa UK Limited.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/03323315.2021.1926309 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3168900758

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
24. Julie Lorah (2018). Effect size measures for multilevel models: definition, interpretation, and TIMSS example . Large-scale Assessments in Education, 6(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40536-018-0061-2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2884451693

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
25. Wim Vanden Berghe , Alexis Dewaele , Nele Cox , John Vincke (2010). Minority‐Specific Determinants of Mental Well‐Being Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth . Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40(1), 153-166. Wiley.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00567.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1996723256

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
26. Bradley E. Cox *Autistic author. Learn more… , Kerry Thompson , Amelia Anderson , Amanda Mintz , Taylor Locks , Lindee Morgan et al. (2017). College Experiences for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Personal Identity, Public Disclosure, and Institutional Support . Journal of College Student Development, 58(1), 71-87. Project MUSE.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1353/csd.2017.0004 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2581217072

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
27. Stephanie Pinder-Amaker (2014). Identifying the Unmet Needs of College Students on the Autism Spectrum . Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 22(2), 125-137. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000032 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2057039953

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
28. Brenda Major , Cheryl R. Kaiser , Shannon K. McCoy (2003). It's Not My Fault: When and Why Attributions to Prejudice Protect Self-Esteem . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(6), 772-781. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/0146167203029006009 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1996882016

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
29. Valeria Khudiakova , Alison L. Chasteen (2022). The Experiences of Stigmatization and Discrimination in Autistic People of Different Genders and Sexualities . Journal of Interpersonal Relations, Intergroup Relations and Identity, 15, 15. JIRIRI.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.33921/isnu8742 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4312744214

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
30. Paul Shattuck , Mary Wagner , Sarah Narendorf , Paul Sterzing , Melissa Hensley (2011). Post–High School Service Use Among Young Adults With an Autism Spectrum Disorder . Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 165(2), 141-6. American Medical Association (AMA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.279 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2003087966

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
31. Alison Blodorn , Brenda Major , Cheryl Kaiser (2016). Perceived discrimination and poor health: Accounting for self-blame complicates a well-established relationship . Social Science & Medicine, 153, 27-34. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.01.053 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2270569869

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
32. Melanie O. Burns , Martin E. Seligman (1989). Explanatory style across the life span: Evidence for stability over 52 years. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(3), 471-477. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.3.471 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2018522572

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
33. Jill Cornelius Underhill , Victoria Ledford , Hillary Adams (2019). Autism stigma in communication classrooms: exploring peer attitudes and motivations toward interacting with atypical students . Communication Education, 68(2), 175-192. Informa UK Limited.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/03634523.2019.1569247 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2911686538

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
34. Angeline S Ferdinand , Yin Paradies , Margaret Kelaher (2015). Mental health impacts of racial discrimination in Australian culturally and linguistically diverse communities: a cross-sectional survey . BMC Public Health, 15(1), 401-401. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1661-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2020312865

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
35. Randy P. Auerbach , WHO WMH-ICS Collaborators , Philippe Mortier , Ronny Bruffaerts , Jordi Alonso , Corina Benjet et al. (2018). WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(7), 623-638. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/abn0000362 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2891230948

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
36. Kashia A Rosenau , Emily Hotez , Priyanka Fernandes , Christopher Gomez , Kevin Eagan , Lindsay Shea et al. (2023). Anxiety and Depression in Autistic College Students: The Freshman Survey Results . Cureus, 15(3), e35820-e35820. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35820 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4323311924

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
37. Steven F. Maier , Martin E. Seligman (1976). Learned helplessness: Theory and evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 105(1), 3-46. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.105.1.3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2022987442

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
38. Justin A. Chen , Courtney Stevens , Sylvia H. M. Wong , Cindy H. Liu (2019). Psychiatric Symptoms and Diagnoses Among U.S. College Students: A Comparison by Race and Ethnicity . Psychiatric Services, 70(6), 442-449. American Psychiatric Association Publishing.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201800388 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2924994353

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
39. Donna M. Werling , Daniel H. Geschwind (2013). Sex differences in autism spectrum disorders . Current Opinion in Neurology, 26(2), 146-153. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/wco.0b013e32835ee548 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2087547434

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
40. Daniel Eisenberg , Justin Hunt , Nicole Speer (2013). Mental Health in American Colleges and Universities . Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 201(1), 60-67. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0b013e31827ab077 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2029273432

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
41. Elyse D'nn Lovell (2014). College Students Who are Parents Need Equitable Services for Retention . Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 16(2), 187-202. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.2190/cs.16.2.b OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2318046377

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
42. Paul Shattuck , Tamara Garfield , Anne M. Roux , Jessica E. Rast , Kristy A. Anderson , Elizabeth McGhee Hassrick et al. (2020). Services for Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systems Perspective . Current Psychiatry Reports, 22(3), 13-13. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s11920-020-1136-7 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3004564360

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
43. Lyn Y. Abramson , Martin E. Seligman , John D. Teasdale (1978). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87(1), 49-74. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.87.1.49 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2029487046

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
44. R. Beiter , R. Nash , M. McCrady , D. Rhoades , M. Linscomb , M. Clarahan et al. (2015). The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students . Journal of Affective Disorders, 173, 90-96. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2092862146

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
45. Scott L. J. Jackson , Logan Hart , Jane Thierfeld Brown , Fred R. Volkmar (2018). Brief Report: Self-Reported Academic, Social, and Mental Health Experiences of Post-Secondary Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(3), 643-650. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3315-x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2764322338

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
46. Thomas M. Achenbach , Craig Edelbrock , Catherine T. Howell (1987). Empirically based assessment of the behavioral/emotional problems of 2- and 3- year-old children . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 15(4), 629-650. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/bf00917246 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2033847736

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
47. Teresa Lopez-Castro , Laura Brandt , Nishanthi Anthonipillai , Adriana Espinosa , Robert Melara (2020). Experiences, impacts and mental health functioning during a COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown: Data from a diverse New York City sample of college students . Experiences, Impacts and Mental Health Functioning during a COVID-19 Outbreak and Lockdown: Data from a Diverse New York City Sample of College Students. Center for Open Science.

    Type: Preprint DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/nyght OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4249544061

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
48. Robert L. Spitzer , Kurt Kroenke , Janet B. W. Williams , Bernd Löwe (2006). A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder . Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092. American Medical Association (AMA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2043705607

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
49. David M. Fresco , Lauren B. Alloy , Noreen Reilly–Harrington (2006). Association of Attributional Style for Negative and Positive Events and the Occurrence of Life Events with Depression and Anxiety . Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(10), 1140-1160. Guilford Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2006.25.10.1140 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2045753120

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
50. Isaac C. Smith , Thomas H. Ollendick , Susan W. White (2019). Anxiety moderates the influence of ASD severity on quality of life in adults with ASD . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 62, 39-47. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.001 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2921676126

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
51. Désirée Gonzalo , Birgit Kleim , Catherine Donaldson , Stirling Moorey , Anke Ehlers (2012). How Disorder-Specific are Depressive Attributions? A Comparison of Individuals with Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Healthy Controls . Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(6), 731-739. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10608-011-9429-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2051369366

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
52. Nathan V. Mallipeddi , Rachel A. VanDaalen (2022). Intersectionality Within Critical Autism Studies: A Narrative Review . Autism in Adulthood, 4(4), 281-289. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2021.0014 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3217407926

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
53. Shi Min Liew , Nishta Thevaraja , Ryan Y. Hong , Iliana Magiati (2015). The Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Social Anxiety, Worry, Obsessive–Compulsive, and Depressive Symptoms: Specific and Non-specific Mediators in a Student Sample . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(3), 858-872. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-014-2238-z OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2068932275

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
54. Liza M. Rubenstein , Rachel D. Freed , Benjamin G. Shapero , Robert L. Fauber , Lauren B. Alloy (2016). Cognitive attributions in depression: Bridging the gap between research and clinical practice. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 26(2), 103-115. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/int0000030 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2522907461

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
55. Nicole N. Capriola-Hall , Alexis M. Brewe , Josh Golt , Susan W. White (2021). Anxiety and Depression Reduction as Distal Outcomes of a College Transition Readiness Program for Adults with Autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(1), 298-306. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04549-6 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3030150096

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
56. Michelle Nicole Burns , Charles Kamen , Kenneth A. Lehman , Steven R. H. Beach (2012). Minority Stress and Attributions for Discriminatory Events Predict Social Anxiety in Gay Men . Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(1), 25-35. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10608-010-9302-6 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2068328703

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
57. Mary Doherty *Autistic author. Learn more… , Stuart Neilson , Jane O’Sullivan , Laura Carravallah *Autistic author. Learn more… , Mona Johnson *Autistic author. Learn more… , Walter Cullen et al. (2022). Barriers to healthcare and self-reported adverse outcomes for autistic adults: a cross-sectional study . BMJ Open, 12(2), e056904. BMJ.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056904 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4213379370

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
58. Tegan Cruwys , Erica I. South , Katharine H. Greenaway , S. Alexander Haslam (2015). Social Identity Reduces Depression by Fostering Positive Attributions . Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6(1), 65-74. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1948550614543309 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2118977751

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
59. White, Susan W. ca. 20./21. Jh. , Maddox, Brenna ca. 20./21. Jh. , Mazefsky, Carla ca. 20./21. Jh. (2020). The Oxford Handbook of Autism and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Conditions . Oxford University Press.

    Type: Book DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190910761.001.0001 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4234311176

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
60. Paul A. Harris , Robert Taylor , Robert Thielke , Jonathon Payne , Nathaniel Gonzalez , Jose G. Conde (2009). Research electronic data capture (REDCap)—A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support . Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 42(2), 377-381. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2093274439

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
61. Jing Yuan , Minghui Li , Z. Kevin Lu (2021). Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Prevalence and Trends of Autism Spectrum Disorder in US Children and Adolescents . JAMA Network Open, 4(3), e210771. American Medical Association (AMA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0771 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3134338023

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
62. Brenna B. Maddox , Valerie L. Gaus (2019). Community Mental Health Services for Autistic Adults: Good News and Bad News . Autism in Adulthood, 1(1), 15-19. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2018.0006 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2802972396

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
63. Martin E. Seligman , Lyn Y. Abramson , Amy Semmel , Carl von Baeyer (1979). Depressive attributional style. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88(3), 242-247. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0021-843x.88.3.242 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2148579870

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
64. Ian Russell , Beth Pearson , Una Masic (2021). A Longitudinal Study of Features Associated with Autism Spectrum in Clinic Referred, Gender Diverse Adolescents Accessing Puberty Suppression Treatment . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(6), 2068-2076. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04698-8 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3087342753

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
65. Naa Oyo A. Kwate , Melody S. Goodman (2015). Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Effects of Racism on Mental Health Among Residents of Black Neighborhoods in New York City . American Journal of Public Health, 105(4), 711-718. American Public Health Association.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302243 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2106112836

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
66. Susan W. White , Grace Lee Simmons , Katherine Gotham , Caitlin M. Conner , Isaac C. Smith , Kelly B. Beck et al. (2018). Psychosocial Treatments Targeting Anxiety and Depression in Adolescents and Adults on the Autism Spectrum: Review of the Latest Research and Recommended Future Directions . Current Psychiatry Reports, 20(10), 82-82. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s11920-018-0949-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2889399987

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
67. Erin E. McKenney , Steven M. Brunwasser , Jared K. Richards *Autistic author. Learn more… , Talena C. Day , Bella Kofner , Rachel G. McDonald et al. (2023). Repetitive Negative Thinking As a Transdiagnostic Prospective Predictor of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Neurodiverse First-Semester College Students . Autism in Adulthood, 5(4), 374-388. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2022.0078 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4361004797

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
68. Gena P. Barnhill , Brenda Smith Myles (2001). Attributional Style and Depression in Adolescents with Asperger Syndrome . Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 3(3), 175-182. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/109830070100300305 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2107668472

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
69. Thomas Frazier , Géraldine Dawson , Donna S. Murray , Andy Shih , Jessica Snyder Sachs , Angela Geiger (2018). Brief Report: A Survey of Autism Research Priorities Across a Diverse Community of Stakeholders . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(11), 3965-3971. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3642-6 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2807852720

    AutiHub · Documentation center Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
70. Ella Perry , Will Mandy , Laura Hull , Eilidh Cage (2022). Understanding Camouflaging as a Response to Autism-Related Stigma: A Social Identity Theory Approach . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52(2), 800-810. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-04987-w OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3150043110

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
71. Demetria Ennis-Cole , Beth A. Durodoye , Henry L. Harris (2013). The Impact of Culture on Autism Diagnosis and Treatment . The Family Journal, 21(3), 279-287. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1066480713476834 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2128574907

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
72. Gifford Weary , Melinda A. Stanley , John H. Harvey (1989). Attribution . Springer New York.

    Type: Book DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-3608-5 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4254958092

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
73. Matthew J. Maenner , Zachary Warren , Ashley Robinson Williams , Esther Amoakohene , Amanda V. Bakian , Deborah A. Bilder et al. (2023). Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020 . MMWR. Surveillance Summaries, 72(2), 1-14. Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.ss7202a1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4360600181

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
74. Susan W. White , Thomas H. Ollendick , Bethany C. Bray (2011). College students on the autism spectrum . Autism, 15(6), 683-701. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361310393363 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2133291294

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
75. Harvey P (2009). Organizational Behavior, Theory and Design in Health Care . Organizational Behavior, Theory and Design in Health Care, 143.

    Type: Other

    Crossref
76. Laura Hull , Lily Levy , Meng-Chuan Lai , K. V. Petrides , Simon Baron-Cohen , Carrie Allison et al. (2021). Is social camouflaging associated with anxiety and depression in autistic adults? Molecular Autism, 12(1), 13-13. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s13229-021-00421-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3132619758

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
77. Wai Chan , Leann E. Smith , Jinkuk Hong , Jan S. Greenberg , Marsha R. Mailick (2017). Validating the social responsiveness scale for adults with autism . Autism Research, 10(10), 1663-1671. Wiley.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.1813 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2639258924

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
78. Michael T. Schmitt , Nyla R. Branscombe , Diane Kobrynowicz , Susan Owen (2002). Perceiving Discrimination Against One’s Gender Group has Different Implications for Well-Being in Women and Men . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(2), 197-210. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/0146167202282006 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2153495616

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
79. Monique Botha *Autistic author. Learn more… (2020). Autistic community connectedness as a buffer against the effects of minority stress. Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey). University of Surrey.

    Type: Dissertation DOI: 10.15126/thesis.00854098 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3046997954

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars OpenAlex OpenCitations
80. Ken Kelley , Kristopher J. Preacher (2012). On effect size. Psychological Methods, 17(2), 137-152. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/a0028086 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2154516913

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
81. Nicholas C. Borgogna , Ryon C. McDermott , Stephen L. Aita , Matthew M. Kridel (2019). Anxiety and depression across gender and sexual minorities: Implications for transgender, gender nonconforming, pansexual, demisexual, asexual, queer, and questioning individuals. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 6(1), 54-63. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000306 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2891635319

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
82. Birgit Kleim , Désirée Gonzalo , Anke Ehlers (2011). The Depressive Attributions Questionnaire (DAQ): Development of a Short Self-Report Measure of Depressogenic Attributions . Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 33(3), 375-385. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10862-011-9234-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2155626688

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
83. Pamela M. Seeds , David J.A. Dozois (2010). Prospective evaluation of a cognitive vulnerability‐stress model for depression: the interaction of schema self‐structures and negative life events . Journal of Clinical Psychology, 66(12), 1307-1323. Wiley.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/jclp.20723 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2165589068

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
84. Richard T. Liu , Evan M. Kleiman , Bridget A. Nestor , Shayna M. Cheek (2015). The Hopelessness Theory of Depression: A Quarter-Century in Review . Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 22(4), 345-365. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12125 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2179602402

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
85. Jenna Sandler Eilenberg , Madison Paff , Ashley Johnson Harrison , Kristin A. Long (2019). Disparities Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status Over the Transition to Adulthood Among Adolescents and Young Adults on the Autism Spectrum: a Systematic Review . Current Psychiatry Reports, 21(5), 32-32. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-1016-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2924533675

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
86. Jolynn L. Haney (2016). Autism, females, and the DSM-5: Gender bias in autism diagnosis . Social Work in Mental Health, 14(4), 396-407. Informa UK Limited.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/15332985.2015.1031858 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2220764169

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
87. Devon W. Carbado , Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw , Vickie M. Mays , Barbara Tomlinson (2013). INTERSECTIONALITY . Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, 10(2), 303-312. Cambridge University Press (CUP).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1017/s1742058x13000349 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2222080613

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
88. Rebecca Maymon , Nathan C. Hall (2021). A Review of First-Year Student Stress and Social Support . Social Sciences, 10(12), 472. MDPI AG.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.3390/socsci10120472 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4200190677

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
89. Monique Botha *Autistic author. Learn more… , Kristen Gillespie-Lynch (2022). Come as You Are: Examining Autistic Identity Development and the Neurodiversity Movement through an Intersectional Lens . Human Development, 66(2), 93-112. S. Karger AG.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1159/000524123 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4293192631

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
90. Elliot Gavin Keenan *Autistic author. Learn more… , Ava Gurba *Autistic author. Learn more… , Brittain Mahaffey , Catherine Faith Kappenberg , Matthew D Lerner (2024). Leveling Up Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Autistic Individuals with Emotion Dysregulation: Clinical and Personal Insights . Autism in Adulthood, 6(1), 1-8. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2022.0011 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4382020818

    AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
91. Alan Santinele Martino , Ann Fudge Schormans (2018). When Good Intentions Backfire: University Research Ethics Review and the Intimate Lives of People Labeled with Intellectual Disabilities . Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences), 19(3). Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.17169/fqs-19.3.3090 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2895371034 Crossref: not found

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
92. Bethany G. Everett , Jarron Saint Onge , Stefanie Mollborn (2016). Effects of Minority Status and Perceived Discrimination on Mental Health . Population Research and Policy Review, 35(4), 445-469. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s11113-016-9391-3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2332188578

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
93. Paul D. Sweeney , Karen Anderson , Scott Bailey (1986). Attributional style in depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(5), 974-991. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.5.974 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4236361903

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
94. Gabriela L. Stein , Andrew J. Supple , Nadia Huq , Angel S. Dunbar , Mitchell J. Prinstein (2016). A longitudinal examination of perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms in ethnic minority youth: The roles of attributional style, positive ethnic/racial affect, and emotional reactivity. Developmental Psychology, 52(2), 259-271. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/a0039902 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2429896203

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
95. Shana R. Cohen , Kohrissa Joseph , Sarah Levinson , Jan Blacher , Abbey Eisenhower (2022). “My Autism Is My Own”: Autistic Identity and Intersectionality in the School Context . Autism in Adulthood, 4(4), 315-327. SAGE Publications.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2021.0087 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4296699983

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
96. Ruth Hilsman , Judy Garber (1995). A test of the cognitive diathesis-stress model of depression in children: Academic stressors, attributional style, perceived competence, and control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(2), 370-380. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.69.2.370 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4238018496

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
97. Brandon L. Velez , Laurel B. Watson , Robert Cox , Mirella J. Flores (2017). Minority stress and racial or ethnic minority status: A test of the greater risk perspective. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 4(3), 257-271. American Psychological Association (APA).

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000226 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2604583056

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
98. M. Ariel Cascio , Jonathan A. Weiss , Éric Racine (2021). Making Autism Research Inclusive by Attending to Intersectionality: a Review of the Research Ethics Literature . Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 8(1), 22-36. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s40489-020-00204-z OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3025970378

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
99. Rachel Loomes , Laura Hull , Will Mandy (2017). What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(6), 466-474. Elsevier BV.

    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.013 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2604697269

    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
100. Nicky Falkof , Oliver Cashman-Brown (2012). On Whiteness . BRILL.

     Type: Book DOI: 10.1163/9781848881051 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4247320148

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
101. Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium , L Colodro-Conde , B Couvy-Duchesne , G Zhu , W L Coventry , E M Byrne et al. (2018). A direct test of the diathesis–stress model for depression . Molecular Psychiatry, 23(7), 1590-1596. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.130 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2735059498

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
102. John E. Pachankis , Conor P. Mahon , Skyler D. Jackson , Benjamin K. Fetzner , Richard Bränström (2020). Sexual orientation concealment and mental health: A conceptual and meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 146(10), 831-871. American Psychological Association (APA).

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/bul0000271 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3044954344

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
103. R. George , Mark A. Stokes (2018). Sexual Orientation in Autism Spectrum Disorder . Autism Research, 11(1), 133-141. Wiley.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.1892 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2770766969

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
104. Zachary J. Williams *Autistic author. Learn more… , Jonas Everaert , Katherine Gotham (2021). Measuring Depression in Autistic Adults: Psychometric Validation of the Beck Depression Inventory–II . Assessment, 28(3), 858-876. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1073191120952889 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3082072280

     AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
105. Sierra H. Feasel , Tessa L. Dover , Payton A. Small , Brenda Major (2022). Effects of discrimination versus self-blame attributions on health: A longitudinal study. Stigma and Health, 7(3), 289-299. American Psychological Association (APA).

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/sah0000393 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4295837540

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
106. Hoangmai H. Pham , Neil Sandberg , Jeff Trinkl , Johnston Thayer (2022). Racial and Ethnic Differences in Rates and Age of Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder . JAMA Network Open, 5(10), e2239604. American Medical Association (AMA).

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39604 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4307919197

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
107. LaVeist TA (2001). Perceived racism and self and system blame attribution: Consequences for longevity . Ethn Dis, 11(4), 711.

     Type: Other

     Crossref
108. Sarah Ketchen Lipson , Adam Kern , Daniel Eisenberg , Alfiee M. Breland-Noble (2018). Mental Health Disparities Among College Students of Color . Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(3), 348-356. Elsevier BV.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.04.014 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2890589404

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
109. Monique Botha *Autistic author. Learn more… , David M. Frost (2020). Extending the Minority Stress Model to Understand Mental Health Problems Experienced by the Autistic Population . Society and Mental Health, 10(1), 20-34. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/2156869318804297 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2896204132

     AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
110. Twentyman J (2017). Effects of race and ethnicity on mental health and help-seeking amongst undergraduate university students . J Undergrad Ethn Minor Psychol, 3(6).

     Type: Other

     Crossref
111. Steven K. Kapp *Autistic author. Learn more… (2020). Autistic Community and the Neurodiversity Movement . Springer Singapore.

     Type: Book DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8437-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3205191769

     AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
112. (n.d.). Botha M. Autistic community connectedness as a buffer against the effects of minority stress. 2020; doi: 10. 15126/THESIS. 00854098

     Type: Other

     Crossref
113. Amy L. Gunty (2021). Rethinking resilience in families of children with autism spectrum disorders. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, 10(2), 87-102. American Psychological Association (APA).

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/cfp0000155 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3096874676

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
114. Karson T. F. Kung (2024). Autistic Traits, Gender Minority Stress, and Mental Health in Transgender and Non-Binary Adults . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54(4), 1389-1397. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05875-7 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4317360692

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
115. Robert Chapman *Autistic author. Learn more… , Monique Botha *Autistic author. Learn more… (2023). Neurodivergence‐informed therapy . Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 65(3), 310-317. Wiley.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15384 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4295008953

     AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
116. José C. Pinheiro , Douglas M. Bates (2000). Mixed-Effects Models in Sand S-PLUS . Springer New York.

     Type: Book DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0318-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4206439534

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
117. Alice Turnock , Kate Langley , Catherine R.G. Jones (2022). Understanding Stigma in Autism: A Narrative Review and Theoretical Model . Autism in Adulthood, 4(1), 76-91. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2021.0005 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4214570045

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
118. Paul A. Harris , Robert Taylor , Brenda L. Minor , Veida Elliott , Michelle Fernandez , Lindsay O'Neal et al. (2019). The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners . Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 95, 103208. Elsevier BV.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103208 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2944434778

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
119. J. Gauthier , Q. V. Wu , T. A. Gooley (2020). Cubic splines to model relationships between continuous variables and outcomes: a guide for clinicians . Bone Marrow Transplantation, 55(4), 675-680. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0679-x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2977275524

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
120. Yani Hamdani , Caroline Kassee , Meaghan Walker , Yona Lunsky , Brenda Gladstone , Amanda Sawyer et al. (2023). Roadblocks and detours on pathways to a clinical diagnosis of autism for girls and women: A qualitative secondary analysis . Women's Health, 19, 17455057231163761-17455057231163761. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/17455057231163761 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4362208318

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
121. Giorgia Sala , Laura Pecora , Merrilyn Hooley , Mark A. Stokes (2020). As Diverse as the Spectrum Itself: Trends in Sexuality, Gender and Autism . Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 7(2), 59-68. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s40474-020-00190-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3013746623

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
122. Maj‐Britt Posserud , Berit Skretting Solberg , Anders Engeland , Jan Haavik , Kari Klungsøyr (2021). Male to female ratios in autism spectrum disorders by age, intellectual disability and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 144(6), 635-646. Wiley.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/acps.13368 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3196877855

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
123. John N. Constantino (2013). Social Responsiveness Scale . In Social Responsiveness Scale, (pp. 2919-2929). Springer New York.

     Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_296 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4232252309

     Crossref OpenAlex
124. Sharon G. Horne , Mallaigh McGinley , Nedim Yel , Meredith R. Maroney (2022). The stench of bathroom bills and anti-transgender legislation: Anxiety and depression among transgender, nonbinary, and cisgender LGBQ people during a state referendum. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 69(1), 1-13. American Psychological Association (APA).

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/cou0000558 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3173570112

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
125. Jessica M. Schwartzman , Marissa C. Roth , Ann V. Paterson , Alexandra X Jacobs , Zachary J. Williams *Autistic author. Learn more… (2024). Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy . Autism, 28(8), 1902-1918. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/13623613231213543 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4389051556

     AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
126. (n.d.). Lunsford JM. Negative Emotion Differentiation and Related Processes: A Qualitative Approach (Order No. 29991559). Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. (2771848379).; 2022. http://ezproxy.rowan.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdissertations-theses%2Fnegative-emotion-differentiation-related%2Fdocview%2F2771848379%2Fse-2%3Faccountid%3D13605 .

     Type: Other

     Crossref
127. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

     Type: Other

     Crossref
128. Silke Lipinski *Autistic author. Learn more… , Katharina Boegl , Elisabeth S. Blanke , Ulrike Suenkel , Isabel Dziobek (2022). A blind spot in mental healthcare? Psychotherapists lack education and expertise for the support of adults on the autism spectrum . Autism, 26(6), 1509-1521. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/13623613211057973 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3217039993

     AutiHub · Autistic Scholars Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
129. (n.d.). Harrell FE. rms: Regression Modeling Strategies. May 8 2023. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/rms/index.html [Last accessed: July27 2023].

     Type: Other

     Crossref
130. Yunhe Huang , Julian N Trollor , Kitty‐Rose Foley , Samuel R. C. Arnold (2023). “I've Spent My Whole Life Striving to Be Normal”: Internalized Stigma and Perceived Impact of Diagnosis in Autistic Adults . Autism in Adulthood, 5(4), 423-436. SAGE Publications.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1089/aut.2022.0066 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4316037446

     Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
131. (n.d.). Pinheiro J Bates D DebRoy S Sarkar D et al. nlme: Linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. Published online January 31 2023. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nlme/index.html [Last accessed: July27 2023].

     Type: Other

     Crossref
132. Sue DW (2013). Microaggressions in Everyday Life: Race, Gender, and Sexual Orientation . Microaggressions in Everyday Life: Race, Gender, and Sexual Orientation.

     Type: Other

     Crossref
133. Lawrence J. Siegel , Elaine Fletcher‐Janzen (2014). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Encyclopedia of Special Education. Wiley.

     Type: Other DOI: 10.1002/9781118660584.ese0728 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4248856529

     OpenAlex
134. Bouke de Vries (2024). Microaggressions in everyday life: Race, gender, and sexual orientation . The Southern Journal of Philosophy, 62(3), 391-401. Wiley.

     Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/sjp.12543 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4391945263

     OpenAlex