Compréhension des pronoms personnels et théorie de l'esprit chez les adultes autistes

Titre original en anglais : Personal Pronoun Comprehension and Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults

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Abubakare, O. & Snedeker, J. (2025). Personal Pronoun Comprehension and Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 10(3), 672-690. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_persp-24-00148

Date de publication: 28/03/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 04/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
2
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 2 (50,0 %)
  1. Oluwatobi Abubakare *
  2. Jesse Snedeker

Résumé

Objectif : Les pronoms relient le discours en établissant des liens entre des référents au sein des phrases et entre elles. Des recherches antérieures ont montré que les personnes s'appuient souvent sur deux stratégies pour interpréter les pronoms : le biais du sujet (supposer que le pronom renvoie au sujet d'une phrase précédente) et le biais de mention répétée (supposer qu'il renvoie à une personne qui a été mentionnée à plusieurs reprises). La présente étude vise (a) à déterminer si les adultes autistes utilisent ces stratégies au même degré que les adultes non autistes ayant des compétences linguistiques similaires et (b) à évaluer si l'utilisation de ces stratégies est corrélée à la théorie de l'esprit ou aux connaissances en vocabulaire. Méthode : Des adultes autistes et non autistes anglophones natifs ont réalisé une tâche de compréhension des pronoms, ainsi qu'une version modifiée de la tâche Strange Stories de Happe, le Vocabulary Size Test (VST) et l'Autism Spectrum Quotient Test. Résultats : Les deux groupes ont utilisé les deux stratégies la plupart du temps, sans différences fiables entre les groupes. La performance au VST prédisait l'utilisation de la stratégie du biais du sujet. Conclusions : Les adultes autistes utilisent certaines des mêmes stratégies d'interprétation des pronoms ambigus que les adultes non autistes ayant des compétences linguistiques similaires. La variation dans l'utilisation de la stratégie du biais du sujet est corrélée aux connaissances en vocabulaire, une mesure sensible de la variation des compétences linguistiques. Matériel supplémentaire : https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28598084

Purpose: Pronouns stitch together discourse by linking referents within and across sentences. Previous research has shown that people often rely on two strategies to interpret pronouns: the subject bias (assuming the pronoun refers to the subject of a prior sentence) and the repeated mention bias (assuming it refers to a person that was mentioned repeatedly). The present study seeks (a) to determine whether autistic adults make use of these strategies to the same degree as non-autistic adults with similar language skills and (b) to assess whether use of these strategies is correlated with theory of mind or vocabulary knowledge. Method: Native English-speaking autistic and non-autistic adults completed a pronoun comprehension task, as well as a modified version of Happe's Strange Stories task, the Vocabulary Size Test (VST), and the Autism Spectrum Quotient Test. Results: Both groups used both strategies most of the time with no reliable differences between the groups. Performance on the VST predicted use of the subject bias strategy. Conclusions: Autistic adults use some of the same strategies for interpreting ambiguous pronouns as non-autistic adults with similar language skills. Variation in subject bias strategy use is correlated with vocabulary knowledge, a sensitive measure of variation in language skills. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28598084

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Références citées
101
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
6 / 101 (5,9 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
6 / 309 (1,9 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 6 / 48 (12,5 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 6 / 277 (2,2 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
48 / 309 (15,5 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 39 / 277 (14,1 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
42 / 48 (87,5 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 42 / 309 (13,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 33 / 39 (84,6 %).
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