Effets de la complexité sociale et du genre sur l’attention sociale et non sociale chez des enfants autistes de sexe masculin et féminin : comparaison de quatre paradigmes d’oculométrie

Titre original en anglais : Effects of social complexity and gender on social and non‐social attention in male and female autistic children: A comparison of four eye‐tracking paradigms

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Putnam, O., Sasson, N., Parish‐Morris, J., & Harrop, C. (2022). Effects of social complexity and gender on social and non‐social attention in male and female autistic children: A comparison of four eye‐tracking paradigms. Autism Research, 16(2), 315-326. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2851

Date de publication: 21/11/2022 Ajout dans AutiHub: 27/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Orla Putnam *
  2. Noah Sasson
  3. Julia Parish‐Morris
  4. Clare Harrop

Résumé

Résumé L’oculométrie est utilisée depuis longtemps pour caractériser les différences d’attention sociale entre les enfants autistes et non autistes, mais des travaux récents ont montré que ces profils peuvent varier considérablement selon le sexe biologique des participants ainsi que la complexité sociale et la typicité de genre des stimuli d’oculométrie (p. ex., barbies contre transformers). Afin de mieux comprendre les effets du sexe, de la complexité sociale et de la typicité de genre des objets sur le comportement du regard social et non social dans l’autisme, nous avons comparé les profils d’attention visuelle de 67 garçons et filles autistes (ASD) et non autistes (NA) (ASD M = 21 ; ASD F = 18 ; NA M = 14 ; NA F = 14) dans quatre paradigmes d’oculométrie variant quant à la complexité sociale et à la typicité de genre des objets. Nous avons constaté une cohérence entre les paradigmes en ce qui concerne l’attention globale et l’attention portée aux stimuli sociaux, mais l’attention portée aux objets variait lorsque les paradigmes prenaient en compte le genre dans la conception de leurs stimuli. Les enfants portaient davantage attention aux objets genrés, particulièrement lorsque la typicité de genre de l’objet correspondait au sexe qui leur avait été assigné. Ces résultats montrent que l’attention sociale visuelle dans l’autisme est affectée par les interactions entre le sexe biologique d’un enfant, la complexité de la scène sociale et la typicité de genre des objets, et ont de larges implications pour la conception et l’interprétation des études d’oculométrie.

Abstract Eye tracking has long been used to characterize differences in social attention between autistic and non‐autistic children, but recent work has shown that these patterns may vary widely according to the biological sex of the participants and the social complexity and gender‐typicality of the eye tracking stimuli (e.g., barbies vs. transformers). To better understand effects of sex, social complexity, and object gender‐typicality on social and non‐social gaze behavior in autism, we compared the visual attention patterns of 67 autistic (ASD) and non‐autistic (NA) males (M) and females (F) (ASD M = 21; ASD F = 18; NA M = 14; NA F = 14) across four eye tracking paradigms varying in social complexity and object gender‐typicality. We found consistency across paradigms in terms of overall attention and attention to social stimuli, but attention to objects varied when paradigms considered gender in their stimulus design. Children attended more to gendered objects, particularly when the gender‐typicality of the object matched their assigned sex. These results demonstrate that visual social attention in autism is affected by interactions between a child's biological sex, social scene complexity, and object gender‐typicality and have broad implications for the design and interpretation of eye tracking studies.

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Références citées
63
Avec un DOI
54
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
9
1 / 63 (1,6 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
5 / 63 (7,9 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
58 / 63 (92,1 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
5
Sans titre structuré
5
Sans identifiant stable
9
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
1
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Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
349
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
349
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
119 / 349 (34,1 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 230 / 349 (65,9 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
3 / 349 (0,9 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 3 / 119 (2,5 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 3 / 245 (1,2 %).
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