Connaissances, expérience et formation des professionnels de santé dans la prise en charge des adultes autistes : une revue systématique

Titre original en anglais : Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Experience, and Training in Caring for Autistic Adults: A Systematic review

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Rigney, F., Kinsella, S., Moylan, M., Dooly, Z., Doherty, M., Rinehart, N., & Gooney, M. (2026). Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Experience, and Training in Caring for Autistic Adults: A Systematic review. Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5(1), 53-72. https://doi.org/10.33700/jhrs.5.1.224

Date de publication: 17/05/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source OpenAlex Source éditeur (DOI) Texte intégral

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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
7
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 7 (28,6 %)
  1. Fiona Rigney *
  2. Sharon Kinsella
  3. Mary Moylan
  4. Zeta Dooly
  1. Mary Doherty *
  2. Nicole Rinehart
  3. Martina Gooney

Résumé

Introduction : Les adultes autistes présentent des taux élevés de troubles physiques et de santé mentale concomitants et sont souvent confrontés à des besoins non satisfaits dans tous les contextes de soins de santé en raison de différences de communication, de sensibilités sensorielles et de présentations atypiques. Les professionnels de santé (PS) jouent un rôle central dans la prise en compte de ces besoins ; toutefois, les données indiquent qu'il existe d'importantes lacunes dans les connaissances et la formation spécifiques à l'autisme. Objectif : Examiner les connaissances, l'expérience et la formation des PS relatives à la prise en charge des adultes autistes. Méthodes : Une revue systématique a été menée conformément aux lignes directrices PRISMA. Les études ont été extraites de cinq bases de données (Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline et Web of Science). Dix-neuf études ont été incluses dans l'analyse finale. Résultats : Les résultats des études indiquaient que les PS possèdent des connaissances spécifiques à l'autisme limitées et incohérentes, et présentent des déficits fréquents, avec des lacunes notables concernant la communication, l'identification des adultes autistes et la gestion des besoins sensoriels et de santé concomitants. L'expérience clinique de la prise en charge d'adultes autistes était variable et souvent limitée. La formation spécifique à l'autisme était incohérente et généralement brève, entre un tiers et trois quarts des PS signalant des besoins de formation non satisfaits. Conclusion : Cette revue a mis en évidence des lacunes substantielles dans les connaissances, la formation et l'expérience des PS spécifiques à l'autisme, contribuant aux obstacles aux soins de santé pour les adultes autistes. Les résultats soulignent un besoin clair d'une formation standardisée et fondée sur des données probantes sur l'autisme dans l'ensemble de la formation initiale et du développement professionnel continu. Des travaux futurs sont nécessaires pour établir des programmes structurés cohérents avec l'implication significative d'adultes autistes dans la conception et la mise en oeuvre de la formation et de l'éducation afin de soutenir des soins de santé centrés sur la personne.

Introduction: Autistic adults experience high rates of co-occurring physical and mental health conditions and often face unmet needs in all healthcare settings due to communication differences, sensory sensitivities, and atypical presentations. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) play a central role in addressing these needs; however, evidence suggests there are significant gaps in autism-specific knowledge and training. Aim: Examine HCPs knowledge, experience, and training related to caring for autistic adults. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were retrieved from five databases (Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline and Web of Science). Nineteen studies were included in the final analysis. Results: Findings across studies indicated that HCPs possess limited and inconsistent autism-specific knowledge, and have common deficits, with notable gaps in communication, recognition of autistic adults, and management of sensory and co-occurring health needs. Clinical experience caring for autistic adults was variable and often limited. Autism-specific training was inconsistent and typically brief, with between one-third and three-quarters of HCPs reporting unmet training needs. Conclusion: This review highlighted substantial gaps in HCPs’ autism-specific knowledge, training, and experience, contributing to barriers in healthcare for autistic adults Findings highlight a clear need for standardised, evidence-based autism education across undergraduate training and continuing professional development. Future work is needed to establish coherent structured curricula with the meaningful involvement of autistic adults in the design and delivery of training and education to support person-centred healthcare.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
38
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
4 / 38 (10,5 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
11 / 308 (3,6 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 11 / 66 (16,7 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 7 / 289 (2,4 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
66 / 308 (21,4 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 50 / 289 (17,3 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
55 / 66 (83,3 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 55 / 308 (17,9 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 43 / 50 (86,0 %).
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