Participation à des activités physiques organisées chez les Australiens autistes : obstacles, facilitateurs et implications pour l'inclusion

Titre original en anglais : Organized physical activity participation among autistic Australians: Barriers, enablers and implications for inclusion

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Edwards, C., Tutton, T., & Gibbs, V. (2024). Organized physical activity participation among autistic Australians: Barriers, enablers and implications for inclusion. Neurodiversity, 2. https://doi.org/10.1177/27546330241240648

Date de publication: 01/01/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
3
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 3 (33,3 %)
  1. Chris Edwards *
  2. Tom Tutton
  3. Vicki Gibbs

Résumé

La participation à des activités physiques organisées offre de nombreux avantages aux personnes autistes, mais des obstacles persistants entravent la participation, en particulier à mesure que les individus vieillissent. Cette étude australienne a employé une approche à méthodes mixtes pour examiner les expériences liées aux activités physiques organisées chez 103 adultes autistes et 169 parents d'enfants autistes. Bien que la plupart des enfants autistes participaient à de telles activités, la participation diminuait significativement chez les adultes autistes, les deux groupes exprimant le souhait d'une implication accrue. Cette recherche a identifié des obstacles relevant des domaines intrapersonnel (anxiété, difficultés physiques), interpersonnel (difficultés de communication sociale) et sociétal (possibilités inclusives limitées, sensibilisation insuffisante à l'autisme). Les principaux facilitateurs d'une participation accrue comprenaient des aménagements sensoriels, des politiques inclusives, une meilleure accessibilité, un encadrement personnalisé et une formation renforcée du personnel sur l'autisme. Ces résultats concordent avec la recherche internationale et présentent une pertinence particulière dans le contexte culturel australien. Cette étude constitue une contribution empirique importante, mettant en lumière les obstacles complexes et les mécanismes de soutien potentiels nécessaires pour combler l'écart entre les aspirations relatives à l'activité physique organisée et la participation réelle des personnes autistes tout au long de leur vie. La réalisation de progrès exige des changements complets à divers niveaux, englobant les politiques, les programmes, les attitudes et l'accessibilité. De telles transformations sont essentielles pour cultiver des cultures sportives inclusives et contrer le désengagement observé de l'enfance à l'âge adulte. Résumé grand public Les sports et les activités physiques peuvent être très bénéfiques pour les personnes autistes, mais celles-ci rencontrent souvent des difficultés, en particulier en vieillissant. Dans notre étude australienne, nous avons interrogé 103 adultes autistes et 169 parents d'enfants autistes afin de mieux comprendre ces difficultés. Nous avons découvert que de nombreux enfants autistes participent à des sports et à des activités, mais qu'à l'âge adulte, il devient plus difficile pour eux de rester impliqués. Les adultes comme les parents ont exprimé le souhait de davantage de possibilités de participation pour les personnes autistes. Nous avons également identifié certains problèmes fréquents qui rendent difficile la participation des personnes autistes à ces activités. Ces difficultés comprennent des problèmes personnels tels que l'anxiété et les difficultés physiques, des difficultés de communication sociale, ainsi que des problèmes sociétaux plus larges tels qu'un manque de possibilités inclusives et une sensibilisation insuffisante à l'autisme. De manière positive, nous avons identifié des stratégies efficaces pour faciliter la participation des personnes autistes. Celles-ci comprennent la création d'environnements adaptés sur le plan sensoriel, la mise en oeuvre de règles inclusives, l'assurance que les lieux sont faciles d'accès, l'offre d'un soutien personnalisé et la formation du personnel sur l'autisme. Fait important, nos résultats ne sont pas propres à l'Australie ; ils concordent avec les recherches menées dans d'autres pays. Cette étude met en lumière les obstacles que rencontrent les personnes autistes dans les sports et les activités et propose des solutions pour améliorer leurs expériences. Afin de susciter des changements significatifs, nous devons adapter les politiques, les programmes, les attitudes et l'accessibilité globale. Cela favorisera des sports et des activités inclusifs pour les personnes autistes, de l'enfance à l'âge adulte.

Engagement in organized physical activities offers numerous benefits for autistic people, yet persistent barriers hinder participation, especially as individuals age. This Australian study employed a mixed methods approach to investigate the experiences of organized physical activities among 103 autistic adults and 169 parents of autistic children. Although most autistic children were involved in such activities, participation significantly declined among autistic adults, with both groups expressing a desire for increased involvement. This research identified barriers spanning intrapersonal (anxiety, physical challenges), interpersonal (social communication difficulties), and societal (limited inclusive opportunities, insufficient autism awareness) domains. Key facilitators to enhanced participation included sensory accommodations, inclusive policies, improved accessibility, personalized coaching, and enhanced autism education for staff. These findings are consistent with international research and hold particular relevance within the Australian cultural context. This study represents a significant empirical contribution, shedding light on the intricate barriers and potential support mechanisms necessary to bridge the gap between the aspirations for organized physical activity and actual participation among autistic individuals throughout their lives. Realizing progress demands comprehensive changes across various levels, encompassing policies, programs, attitudes, and accessibility. Such transformations are essential to cultivate inclusive sporting cultures and counteract the disengagement observed from childhood through adulthood. Lay abstract Sports and physical activities can be really beneficial for autistic people, but they often encounter challenges, especially as they get older. In our Australian study, we surveyed 103 autistic adults and 169 parents of autistic children to better understand these challenges. We discovered that many autistic children take part in sports and activities, but as they become adults, it becomes harder for them to stay involved. Both the adults and parents expressed a desire for more opportunities for autistic individuals to participate. We also identified some common problems that make it difficult for autistic people to engage in these activities. These challenges include personal issues like anxiety and physical difficulties, difficulties with social communication, and broader societal issues such as a lack of inclusive opportunities and insufficient awareness about autism. On a positive note, we found effective strategies to make participation easier for autistic individuals. These include creating sensory-friendly environments, implementing inclusive rules, ensuring that places are easy to access, offering personalized support, and educating staff about autism. Importantly, our findings are not unique to Australia; they align with research from other countries. This study sheds light on the obstacles autistic people face in sports and activities and provides solutions to improve their experiences. To bring about meaningful change, we must adjust policies, programs, attitudes, and overall accessibility. This will foster inclusive sports and activities for autistic individuals from childhood through adulthood.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
62
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
6 / 62 (9,7 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
8 / 319 (2,5 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 8 / 57 (14,0 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 7 / 296 (2,4 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
57 / 319 (17,9 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 49 / 296 (16,6 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
49 / 57 (86,0 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 49 / 319 (15,4 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 42 / 49 (85,7 %).
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