Prédicteurs longitudinaux du fonctionnement adaptatif chez de jeunes adultes avec et sans trouble du spectre de l’autisme

Titre original en anglais : Longitudinal Predictors of Adaptive Functioning in Emerging Adults with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Fossum, I. N., Øie, M. G., Orm, S., Andersen, P. N., & Skogli, E. W. (2024). Longitudinal Predictors of Adaptive Functioning in Emerging Adults with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 53(2), 137-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-024-01265-y

Date de publication: 15/11/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 20/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 5 (20,0 %)
  1. Ingrid Nesdal Fossum
  2. Merete Glenne Øie
  3. Stian Orm *
  4. Per Normann Andersen
  5. Erik Winther Skogli

Résumé

Résumé Les personnes présentant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) montrent une hétérogénéité du fonctionnement adaptatif, soulignant la nécessité d’identifier des prédicteurs afin d’orienter les interventions cliniques et scientifiques. Nous avons examiné les associations longitudinales entre un diagnostic d’autisme, les symptômes psychopathologiques concomitants, les fonctions exécutives (FE) et le fonctionnement adaptatif ultérieur chez des personnes avec et sans TSA (QI > 70). Soixante-six personnes (26 avec TSA, 40 sans TSA) ont été évaluées au départ (âge moyen = 11,8 ans, ET = 2,1) et lors d’un suivi à 10 ans (âge moyen = 21,4 ans, ET = 2,3). L’évaluation diagnostique comprenait une évaluation complète des symptômes d’autisme et du fonctionnement émotionnel et cognitif. Les symptômes psychopathologiques concomitants ont été évalués à l’aide de deux mesures : les symptômes dépressifs autodéclarés avec le Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire et le total des problèmes rapportés par les parents avec la Child Behavior Checklist 6–18. Les participants ont réalisé des tests neuropsychologiques afin d’évaluer les FE. Nous avons examiné le fonctionnement adaptatif à l’aide de la Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS), qui est une mesure autodéclarée de la déficience dans les domaines suivants : famille, travail, école, compétences de vie, concept de soi, social et prise de risques. Parmi les jeunes adultes ayant auparavant reçu un diagnostic de TSA, 46 % ont déclaré vivre de manière indépendante, 75 % avaient au moins un ami et 71 % occupaient un emploi ou suivaient une formation. Les personnes avec TSA ont rapporté un fonctionnement adaptatif significativement plus faible que les personnes sans TSA (WFIRS Total, g de Hedges = 0,92). Des difficultés plus importantes de FE durant l’enfance et l’adolescence prédisaient un fonctionnement adaptatif plus faible au début de l’âge adulte, dépassant l’influence du diagnostic d’autisme et des symptômes concomitants. Les résultats mettent en évidence le rôle influent des FE, ce qui implique que des interventions ciblant les difficultés de FE pourraient améliorer les résultats à long terme des personnes avec TSA.

Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display heterogeneity in adaptive functioning, underscoring the need to identify predictors to inform clinical and scientific interventions. We investigated the longitudinal associations between an autism diagnosis, co-occurring psychopathology symptoms, executive functions (EF) and subsequent adaptive functioning in individuals with and without ASD (IQ > 70). Sixty-six individuals (26 with ASD, 40 without ASD) were assessed at baseline (mean age = 11.8 years, SD = 2.1) and at 10-year follow-up (mean age 21.4, SD = 2.3). The diagnostic evaluation comprised a comprehensive assessment of autism symptoms and emotional and cognitive functioning. Co-occurring psychopathology symptoms were assessed with two measures: self-reported depressive symptoms with the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire and parent-reported total problems with the Child Behavior Checklist 6–18. Participants completed neuropsychological tests to evaluate EF. We investigated adaptive functioning by using the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS) which is a self-report measure of impairment in the following domains: family, work, school, life skills, self-concept, social and risk-taking. Among the emerging adults previously diagnosed with ASD, 46% reported living independently, 75% had at least one friend, and 71% were employed or in education. Individuals with ASD reported significantly lower adaptive functioning compared to individuals without ASD (WFIRS Total, Hedges’ g = 0.92). Greater EF difficulties in childhood/adolescence predicted lower adaptive functioning in emerging adulthood, surpassing the influence of autism diagnosis and co-occurring symptoms. The findings highlight the influential role of EF, implying that interventions targeting EF difficulties could improve long-term outcomes for individuals with ASD.

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Références citées
96
Avec un DOI
86
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
7
6 / 96 (6,2 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
7 / 96 (7,3 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
90 / 96 (93,8 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
6
Sans titre structuré
7
Sans identifiant stable
7
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
6
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
386
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
386
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
18
135 / 386 (35,0 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 251 / 386 (65,0 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
6 / 386 (1,6 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 6 / 135 (4,4 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 2 / 299 (0,7 %).
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