Comment concilier les théories apparemment contradictoires du traitement gestaltiste du langage et de la faible cohérence centrale ?

Titre original en anglais : How do we reconcile the seemingly contradictory theories of Gestalt language processing and weak central coherence?

Sources de métadonnées utilisées pour cette référence

OpenAlex Crossref OpenCitations
En savoir plus sur les sources utilisées

Schwartz, A. M. & Caldwell‐Harris, C. L. (2025). How do we reconcile the seemingly contradictory theories of Gestalt language processing and weak central coherence? Frontiers in Psychiatry, 16, 1665247-1665247. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1665247

Date de publication: 17/09/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
Source OpenAlex Source éditeur (DOI) Texte intégral

Cette publication est intégrée dans AutiHub via :

Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
2
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 2 (100,0 %)
  1. Anna M. Schwartz *
  2. Catherine L. Caldwell‐Harris *

Résumé

Une caractérisation de longue date de la cognition autistique est désignée de diverses manières comme étant orientée vers les détails, biais de traitement local, traitement ascendant et faible cohérence centrale. Un construit connexe, le fonctionnement perceptif amélioré, est un mécanisme qui pourrait rendre compte de la supériorité des personnes autistes dans diverses tâches visuelles orientées vers les détails. Cependant, le fonctionnement centré sur les détails et le fonctionnement perceptif amélioré semblent être à l'opposé de ce qui est appelé le traitement gestaltiste du langage. Observé dans l'acquisition du langage chez les personnes autistes, des phrases entières sont produites au début de l'apprentissage du langage, plutôt que l'unité plus petite attendue que constituent les mots isolés. Cette idée a été élargie afin d'englober le traitement gestaltiste en tant que style cognitif général, considéré comme caractéristique du traitement autistique dans certains cas ou chez certains individus. Nous expliquons et critiquons ces divers récits, en notant quels aspects de ceux-ci sont controversés. Nous proposons un spectre de conciliations, en commençant par la manière dont tant l'attention aux détails que la production d'une parole holistique peuvent émerger d'un fonctionnement perceptif amélioré. Les différences inhérentes entre le traitement auditif et le traitement visuel permettent d'observer plus facilement le traitement holistique dans le langage que dans la vision. Les individus autistes peuvent apprendre moins facilement quel niveau et quel type de détail correspondent aux attentes normatives de leur culture.

A long-standing characterization of autistic cognition is variously referred to as detail-oriented, local processing bias, bottom-up processing, and weak central coherence. A related construct, enhanced perceptual functioning, is a mechanism that could account for autistics' superiority at a variety of detail-oriented visual tasks. However, detail-focused and enhanced perceptual functioning appear the opposite of what is called Gestalt language processing. Observed in autistic language acquisition, whole phrases are produced at the beginning of language learning, rather than the expected smaller unit of single words. This idea has been enlarged to encompass Gestalt processing as a broad cognitive style, said to be characteristic of autistic processing in some cases or for some individuals. We explain and critique these diverse accounts, noting which aspects of them are controversial. We propose a spectrum of reconciliations, beginning with how both attention to detail and production of holistic speech can emerge from enhanced perceptual function. Inherent differences between auditory and visual processing allow holistic processing to be more easily observed in language than in vision. Autistic individuals may less easily learn what level and type of detail correspond to their culture's normative expectations.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
81
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
4 / 81 (4,9 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
4 / 198 (2,0 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 4 / 43 (9,3 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 1 / 172 (0,6 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
43 / 198 (21,7 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 26 / 172 (15,1 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
39 / 43 (90,7 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 39 / 198 (19,7 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 25 / 26 (96,2 %).
1 entrée de bibliographie citée n’a pas pu être entièrement enrichie à partir des métadonnées DOI.
Crossref: introuvable (1)
  1. Léo Kanner (1973). Childhood psychosis: initial studies and new insights .
    Type: Livre OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1547497666
    Crossref OpenAlex
  2. Uta Frith (1989). Autism: Explaining the Enigma .
    Type: Livre OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1998090778
    Crossref OpenAlex
  3. Elizabeth Pellicano , David Burr (2012). When the world becomes ‘too real’: a Bayesian explanation of autistic perception . Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(10), 504-510. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.08.009 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2125191661
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  4. Ingrid Wickelgren (2005). Autistic Brains Out of Synch? Science, 308(5730), 1856-1858. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1126/science.308.5730.1856 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1659074218
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  5. Happé (2005). Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders . Wiley.
    Type: Livre DOI: 10.1002/9780470939345 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2479731955
    Crossref OpenCitations
  6. Susanny Cristini Vercellino Tassini , Mariana Cardoso Melo , Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno , Claudia Berlim de Mello (2024). Weak central coherence in adults with ASD: Evidence from eye-tracking and thematic content analysis of social scenes . Applied Neuropsychology: Adult, 31(4), 657-668. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2060105 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4225569142
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  7. Jill Boucher (2012). Research Review: Structural language in autistic spectrum disorder – characteristics and causes . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(3), 219-233. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02508.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1919554737
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  8. Francesca Happé , Uta Frith (2006). The Weak Coherence Account: Detail-focused Cognitive Style in Autism Spectrum Disorders . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(1), 5-25. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-005-0039-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2162512585
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  9. Holly Zajac Gastgeb , Mark S. Strauss (2012). Categorization in ASD: The Role of Typicality and Development . Perspectives on Language Learning and Education, 19(2), 66-74. American Speech Language Hearing Association.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1044/lle19.2.66 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2029466350
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  10. John R. Skoyles (2011). Autism, Context/Noncontext Information Processing, and Atypical Development . Autism Research and Treatment, 2011, 1-14. Hindawi Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1155/2011/681627 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1966012489
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  11. Matthew K. Belmonte , Greg Allen , Andrea Beckel-Mitchener , Lisa M. Boulanger , Ruth A. Carper , Sara Jane Webb (2004). Autism and Abnormal Development of Brain Connectivity: Figure 1. The Journal of Neuroscience, 24(42), 9228-9231. Society for Neuroscience.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3340-04.2004 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2082863207
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  12. Abbey J. Herringshaw , Sandhya L. Kumar , Kaitlyn Noel Rody , Rajesh K. Kana (2018). Neural Correlates of Social Perception in Children with Autism: Local versus Global Preferences . Neuroscience, 395, 49-59. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.10.044 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2899610762
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  14. Seungwon Chung , Jung-Woo Son (2020). Visual Perception in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Neuroimaging Studies . Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(3), 105-120. Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.200018 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3039057627
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  15. Elissa L. Newport (1990). Maturational Constraints on Language Learning . Cognitive Science, 14(1), 11-28. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1207/s15516709cog1401_2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1984588653
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  16. Lucy Bryant , Caroline Bowen , Rachel Grove , Gaenor Dixon , Katharine Beals , Howard Shane et al. (2024). Systematic Review of Interventions Based on Gestalt Language Processing and Natural Language Acquisition (GLP/NLA): Clinical Implications of Absence of Evidence and Cautions for Clinicians and Parents . Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 12(1), 1. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s40474-024-00312-z OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4405174931
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  17. Jennifer H. Foss‐Feig , Jessica L. Heacock , Carissa J. Cascio (2012). Tactile responsiveness patterns and their association with core features in autism spectrum disorders . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 337-344. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2011.06.007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1993046251
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  18. Mauro Ursino , Michele Serra , Luca Tarasi , Giulia Ricci , Elisa Magosso , Vincenzo Romei (2022). Bottom-up vs. top-down connectivity imbalance in individuals with high-autistic traits: An electroencephalographic study . Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 16, 932128-932128. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.932128 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4291155677
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  19. Adriana L. Schuler , Barry M. Prizant (1985). Echolalia . Dans Communication problems in autism (pp. 163-184). Springer US.
    Type: Chapitre de livre DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4806-2_10 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4248693850
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  20. Jill Boucher , Sophie Anns (2018). Memory, learning and language in autism spectrum disorder . Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 3. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/2396941517742078 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2790553280
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  21. Emily R. Potrzeba , Deborah Fein , Letitia Naigles (2015). Investigating the shape bias in typically developing children and children with autism spectrum disorders . Frontiers in Psychology, 06, 446-446. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00446 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2006662684
    Crossref OpenAlex
  22. Christopher Jarrold , James Russell (1997). Counting Abilities in Autism: Possible Implications for Central Coherence Theory . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27(1), 25-37. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1025817121137 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2131145285
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  23. Jill Boucher , Andrew Mayes , Sally Bigham (2012). Memory in autistic spectrum disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 138(3), 458-496. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/a0026869 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2011149520
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  24. Francesca Happé (1996). Studying Weak Central Coherence at Low Levels: Children with Autism do not Succumb to Visual Illusions. A Research Note . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(7), 873-877. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01483.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2096000345
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  25. Eva Portelance , Michael C. Frank , Dan Jurafsky , Alessandro Sordoni , Romain Laroche (2021). The Emergence of the Shape Bias Results from Communicative Efficiency . Proceedings of the 25th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning, 607-623. Association for Computational Linguistics.
    Type: Prépublication DOI: 10.18653/v1/2021.conll-1.48 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3201089379
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  26. Daniel L. Schacter , Donna Rose Addis , Randy L. Buckner (2008). Episodic Simulation of Future Events . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124(1), 39-60. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1196/annals.1440.001 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2011282067
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  27. Therese Jolliffe , Simon Baron-Cohen (2001). A test of central coherence theory: Can adults with high-functioning autism or Asperger syndrome integrate fragments of an object? Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 6(3), 193-216. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/13546800042000124 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2111002968
    Crossref OpenCitations
  28. Gillian J. Furniss (2008). Celebrating the Artmaking of Children with Autism . Art Education, 61(5), 8-12. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/00043125.2008.11518990 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2462008160
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  29. Katherine Nelson (1981). Individual differences in language development: Implications for development and language. Developmental Psychology, 17(2), 170-187. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.17.2.170 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2021775700
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  30. Ilona Roth (2020). Autism, Creativity and Aesthetics . Qualitative Research in Psychology, 17(4), 498-508. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/14780887.2018.1442763 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2791559205
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  31. Katherine Nelson (1973). Structure and Strategy in Learning to Talk . Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38(1/2), 1. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.2307/1165788 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2025728001
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  32. Jaana Van Overwalle , Stephanie Van der Donck , Birte Geusens , Bart Boets , Johan Wagemans (2025). Altered category learning and reduced generalization in autistic adults . Autism Research, 18(2), 295-311. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.3286 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4405452561
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  33. Barry M. Prizant (1982). Gestalt language and gestalt processing in autism . Topics in Language Disorders, 3(1), 16-23. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/00011363-198212000-00006 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2028557146
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  34. Courtney E Venker , Emily Lorang (2025). Continuing the conversation about echolalia and gestalt language development: A response to Haydock, Harrison, Baldwin, and Leadbitter . Autism, 29(3), 821-824. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/13623613241287577 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4402948686
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  35. Barry M. Prizant , Judith F. Duchan (1981). The Functions of Immediate Echolalia in Autistic Children . Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46(3), 241-249. American Speech Language Hearing Association.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1044/jshd.4603.241 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2031054564
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  37. Caroline E. Robertson , Simon Baron-Cohen (2017). Sensory perception in autism . Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(11), 671-684. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2017.112 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2758053316
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  38. Ann M. Peters (1977). Language Learning Strategies: Does the Whole Equal the Sum of the Parts? Language, 53(3), 560-573. Cambridge University Press (CUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.2307/413177 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2034466646
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  39. Grace T. Baranek , Laura G. Foster , Gershon Berkson (1997). Tactile Defensiveness and Stereotyped Behaviors . American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 51(2), 91-95. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.5014/ajot.51.2.91 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2111117568
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  40. Francesca Happé (1999). Autism: cognitive deficit or cognitive style? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3(6), 216-222. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/s1364-6613(99)01318-2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2064254171
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  41. Robert M. Joseph , Brandon Keehn , Christine Connolly , Jeremy M. Wolfe , Todd S. Horowitz (2009). Why is visual search superior in autism spectrum disorder? Developmental Science, 12(6), 1083-1096. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00855.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2124224090
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  42. Rhonda Booth , Francesca Happé (2010). “Hunting with a knife and … fork”: Examining central coherence in autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and typical development with a linguistic task . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 107(4), 377-393. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2010.06.003 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2067438601
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  43. Laurent Mottron , S. Belleville (1993). A Study of Perceptual Analysis in a High-Level Autistic Subject with Exceptional Graphic Abilities . Brain and Cognition, 23(2), 279-309. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1006/brcg.1993.1060 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2088763976
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  44. Wenwen Hou , Yi (Esther) Su , Letitia R. Naigles , Li Li , Muyu Zhou (2024). The shape bias in Mandarin-exposed young autistic children: The role of abstract shape representation . Cognitive Development, 72, 101491. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2024.101491 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4402713045
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  45. Gregory L. Wallace , Francesca Happé , Jay N. Giedd (2009). A case study of a multiply talented savant with an autism spectrum disorder: neuropsychological functioning and brain morphometry . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 364(1522), 1425-1432. The Royal Society.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0330 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2102481201
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  46. Richard E. Nisbett , Yuri Miyamoto (2005). The influence of culture: holistic versus analytic perception . Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(10), 467-473. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.004 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2133583145
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  47. Fiona Rattray , Mollie Ruane , Ntaiana Saliko , Michael Absoud , Francesca Happé (2026). Gathering autistic adults’ visual experiences to inform adaptations: a qualitative interview study . Disability & Society, 41(1), 23-50. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/09687599.2025.2498415 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4410305635
    Crossref OpenAlex
  48. Masakazu Ide , Ayako Yaguchi , Takeshi Atsumi , Keiichi Yasu , Makoto Wada (2017). [Hypersensitivity as Extraordinary High Temporal Processing in Individuals with Autism-Spectrum Disorders]. PubMed, 69(11), 1281-1289.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.11477/mf.1416200905 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2990134143 Crossref: introuvable
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  49. Anna Remington , John G. Swettenham , Nilli Lavie (2012). Lightening the load: Perceptual load impairs visual detection in typical adults but not in autism. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121(2), 544-551. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/a0027670 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2091804330
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  50. Anna Remington , John Swettenham , Ruth Campbell , Mike Coleman (2009). Selective Attention and Perceptual Load in Autism Spectrum Disorder . Psychological Science, 20(11), 1388-1393. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Thèse DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02454.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1539205111
    Crossref OpenCitations
  51. Anna Remington , Jake Fairnie (2017). A sound advantage: Increased auditory capacity in autism . Cognition, 166, 459-465. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2017.04.002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2610340431
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  52. Katharine Beals (2024). A Linguist’s Take on Blanc’s Proposition of Gestalt Language Processing and Natural Language Acquisition: An Implausible Theory at Odds with the Research . Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 11(4), 163-170. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s40474-024-00309-8 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4403045645
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  54. Ahmed Abdelaziz , Sara T. Kover , Manuela Wagner , Letitia R. Naigles (2018). The Shape Bias in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Potential Sources of Individual Differences . Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 61(11), 2685-2702. American Speech Language Hearing Association.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1044/2018_jslhr-l-rsaut-18-0027 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2900208029
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  55. Lauren N. Girouard-Hallam , Megan N. Norris (2026). Overheard and understood: A systematic review of children’s learning from overhearing. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 12(1), 129-142. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/tps0000399 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4399738599
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  56. Blanc (2012). Natural language acquisition on the autism spectrum: The journey from echolalia to self-generated language . Natural language acquisition on the autism spectrum: The journey from echolalia to self-generated language.
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  57. Ashikin Mohd Nordin , Juriza Ismail , Norazlin Kamal Nor (2021). Motor Development in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder . Frontiers in Pediatrics, 9, 598276-598276. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.598276 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3199284256
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  58. Marge Blanc , Amanda Blackwell , Paulina Elias (2023). Using the Natural Language Acquisition Protocol to Support Gestalt Language Development . Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups, 8(6), 1279-1286. American Speech Language Hearing Association.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1044/2023_persp-23-00098 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4387976080
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  59. Potrzeba, Emily R. , Naigles, Letitia , Fein, Deborah (2015). Investigating the shape bias in typically developing children and children with autism spectrum disorders . UNC Libraries. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.17615/wwfj-mg53 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4298221587
    OpenCitations
  60. Patricia J. Brooks , Vera Kempe (2019). More Is More in Language Learning: Reconsidering the Less‐Is‐More Hypothesis . Language Learning, 69(S1), 13-41. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/lang.12320 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2891332191
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  62. Kami Koldewyn , Yuhong V. Jiang , Sarah Weigelt , Nancy Kanwisher (2013). Global/Local Processing in Autism: Not a Disability, but a Disinclination . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(10), 2329-2340. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-013-1777-z OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2147006153
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  63. (s. d.). Smith D Beyond the Forest and the Trees: a Cross-Sectional Investigation into Local and Global Information Processing in Visual Perception and Language in Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Disorder. (Doctoral dissertation, Aston University) 2018
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  64. Jill Boucher (2007). Memory and generativity in very high functioning autism . Autism, 11(3), 255-264. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361307076863 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2159325652
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  65. Leyre Gambra , Sara Magallon , Nerea Crespo-Eguílaz (2024). Weak central coherence in neurodevelopmental disorders: a comparative study . Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1348074-1348074. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1348074 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4399571499
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  66. L Kanner (1968). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Acta Paedopsychiatr, 35(4), 100.
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2192638454
    OpenAlex
  67. Elizabeth Bates , Philip S. Dale , Donna Thal (1996). Individual Differences and their Implications for Theories of Language Development . The Handbook of Child Language, 95-151. Wiley.
    Type: Autre DOI: 10.1111/b.9780631203124.1996.00005.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3100975682
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  68. Léo Kanner (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact . Nervous Child, 2(3), 217.
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2255119171
    Crossref OpenAlex
  69. Silvertant (2018). Thinking styles in autistic people . Embrace Autism.
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  70. Ampe (2023). Great minds think unalike: The benefits of ADHD, autism, dyslexia and OCD . Great minds think unalike: The benefits of ADHD, autism, dyslexia and OCD.
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  71. (2005). Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders . Wiley.
    Type: Livre DOI: 10.1002/9780470939352 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1574339853
    OpenAlex
  72. (s. d.). Viter H Westheimer J Mattar N Patriquin M Autism acceptance: Great minds don’t think alike. Mind Matters from Menninger 2022
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  73. Aiello (2025). Bottom-up problem-solving in autistic adults: A unique cognitive strength, not a learned behavior . Bottom-up problem-solving in autistic adults: A unique cognitive strength, not a learned behavior.
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  74. (s. d.). About bottom/top thinking [Online forum post]. Reddit 2024
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  75. Tiffany L Hutchins , Sophie E Knox , E Cheryl Fletcher (2024). Natural language acquisition and gestalt language processing: A critical analysis of their application to autism and speech language therapy . Autism & Developmental Language Impairments, 9, 23969415241249944. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/23969415241249944 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4398211753
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  76. Leonie Kausel , Maëva Michon , Patricia Soto-Icaza , Francisco Aboitiz (2024). A multimodal interface for speech perception: the role of the left superior temporal sulcus in social cognition and autism . Cerebral Cortex, 34(13), 84-93. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae066 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4396622050
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  77. MICHAEL TOMASELLO (2005). Constructing a Language . Harvard University Press.
    Type: Livre DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv26070v8 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4205897400
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  78. Julian Jara-Ettinger , Roger Levy , Jeanette Sakel , Tomas Huanca , Edward Gibson (2022). The origins of the shape bias: Evidence from the Tsimane’. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 151(10), 2437-2447. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/xge0001195 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4221073978
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  79. Christopher (2019). Touch hypersensitivity in children with autism–An analysis . Int J Res Analytical Rev, 6.
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  80. (s. d.). Autism and Gestalt Processing 2023
    Type: Autre
    Crossref
  81. (s. d.). Gestalt Processing 2022
    Type: Autre
    Crossref