« Je ne suis ni folle, ni mauvaise, ni dangereuse... simplement câblée différemment » : exploration des facteurs contribuant à une bonne qualité de vie chez les femmes autistes
Titre original en anglais : “I’m not mad, bad, and dangerous … simply wired differently”: Exploring factors contributing to good quality of life with autistic women
Paricos, A., Sturrock, A., Twomey, K. E., & Leadbitter, K. (2024). “I’m not mad, bad, and dangerous … simply wired differently”: Exploring factors contributing to good quality of life with autistic women. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 112, 102338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102338
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Résumé
La sous-représentation des femmes autistes dans la littérature académique et son incidence sur la compréhension, le diagnostic et le soutien sont de plus en plus reconnus. Des recherches antérieures ont suggéré que les femmes autistes ont une qualité de vie (QdV) inférieure à celle de la population générale. Cependant, ces résultats ont été établis à l’aide de mesures de la QdV fondées sur des normes et des priorités non autistes. Cette étude qualitative a utilisé des méthodes d’analyse thématique réflexive ascendante pour explorer la manière dont dix femmes autistes définissaient une bonne QdV, ainsi que les facteurs identifiés comme essentiels pour y parvenir, au moyen d’entretiens individuels semi-structurés. Les résultats indiquent quatre thèmes principaux représentant des voies vers une bonne QdV : un sentiment positif de soi ; le fait de se sentir soutenue ; l’autonomie ; l’inclusion. Les participantes ont noté que le fait d’être autiste n’était pas en soi un déterminant d’une QdV réduite. Au contraire, la QdV des participantes reposait sur la mesure dans laquelle elles se comprenaient elles-mêmes, les autres comprenaient leurs besoins et s’y adaptaient, ainsi que sur l’adéquation entre la personne et l’environnement. Les résultats de cette étude s’alignent sur une approche positive de la différence neurologique et ont des implications pour le diagnostic, le soutien post-diagnostique et les applications des mesures actuelles de la QdV chez les femmes autistes.
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