Association Between Passion and Optimal Functioning in Autistic Individuals: The Dualistic Model of Passion

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Meilleur, A., Cusson, N., Vallerand, R. J., Couture, M., Gilbert, E., Soulières, I., & Bussières, E. L. (2024). Association Between Passion and Optimal Functioning in Autistic Individuals: The Dualistic Model of Passion. Autism in Adulthood, 8(3), 482-494. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2024.0166

Publication date: 25 Oct 2024 Added to AutiHub: 11 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
7
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 7 (14.3%)
  1. Alexa Meilleur
  2. Noémie Cusson *
  3. Robert J. Vallerand
  4. Mélanie Couture
  1. Elsa Gilbert
  2. Isabelle Soulières
  3. Eve-Line Bussières

Abstract

Background: Autistic individuals have intense interests in which they invest a significant amount of time and energy. Intense interests (i.e., passions) and their impact on optimal functioning were investigated for the first time using the Dualistic Model of Passion (DMP). The DMP posits that harmonious (HP) and obsessive passions (OP) can predict optimal functioning (well-being, contribution to society, and performance). Whereas HP is described as a balanced and flexible form of engagement toward a topic or an activity, OP is defined as a rigid form of engagement that negatively impacts optimal functioning. Methods: Autistic individuals aged 14–33 (n = 108) participated in an online quantitative study and completed self-report measures relating to their favorite interest of the moment (i.e., HP, OP, emotions, flow, conflict, rumination, and optimal functioning). Aims were to characterize passion and to determine whether HP and OP predicted emotions, flow, conflict, rumination, and optimal functioning. Descriptive analyses (means, standard deviations, and pairwise correlations) and a path analysis model were performed to answer these aims. Results: Results revealed that participants were highly passionate for their favorite interest, showing relatively high levels of HP and OP for activities such as video games, knowledge acquisition, and creative arts. Structural equation modeling showed that, as predicted by the DMP, HP was associated with positive emotions and flow. In turn, OP was positively associated with conflict, rumination, and negative emotions. Finally, HP and OP were positively and negatively associated with optimal functioning respectively. Conclusion: Findings suggest that intense interests can be defined as passion using the DMP. The DMP offers a theoretical framework that can account for the duality of intense interest and predict psychological and functional outcomes. Learning to foster higher levels of HP for intense interests can improve well-being and promote positive psychological experiences.

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 12 Sep 2026 18:20.

Cited references
106
With a DOI
96
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
10
8 / 106 (7.5%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 106 (0.9%)
References with detected author names
105 / 106 (99.1%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
0
Without a stable identifier
9
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
392
From DOI or external metadata
392
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
140 / 392 (35.7%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 252 / 392 (64.3%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
17 / 392 (4.3%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 17 / 140 (12.1%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 13 / 323 (4.0%).
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