Les symptômes anxieux prédisent des symptômes dépressifs ultérieurs chez les jeunes neurodivergents : une étude longitudinale sur 10 ans

Titre original en anglais : Anxiety Symptoms Predict Subsequent Depressive Symptoms in Neurodivergent Youth: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study

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Orm, S., Wood, J., Fossum, I. N., Adams, K., Andersen, P. N., Fjermestad, K., Øie, M. G., & Skogli, E. W. (2025). Anxiety Symptoms Predict Subsequent Depressive Symptoms in Neurodivergent Youth: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 53(3), 429-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-025-01292-3

Date de publication: 24/01/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 20/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 8 (12,5 %)
  1. Stian Orm *
  2. Jeffrey Wood
  3. Ingrid Nesdal Fossum
  4. Keenan Adams
  1. Per Normann Andersen
  2. Krister Fjermestad
  3. Merete Glenne Øie
  4. Erik Winther Skogli

Résumé

Résumé Les jeunes neurodivergents présentent souvent des symptômes anxieux et dépressifs susceptibles d'entraver le fonctionnement adaptatif et le bien-être. On sait peu de choses sur la manière dont l'anxiété et la dépression sont liées chez les jeunes neurodivergents. Nous avons donc cherché à examiner si la relation entre les symptômes anxieux et dépressifs est unidirectionnelle ou bidirectionnelle chez les jeunes neurodivers. Nous avons évalué au fil du temps les symptômes anxieux et dépressifs autoévalués chez 173 jeunes (âge moyen initial = 11,7 ans, ET = 2,1, 64 % de garçons, 36 % de filles). L'échantillon comprenait 38 jeunes autistes, 85 jeunes ayant reçu un diagnostic de trouble du déficit de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) et 50 jeunes du groupe de comparaison, évalués au départ (T1), lors du suivi à 2 ans (T2, rétention de 97 %) et lors du suivi à 10 ans (T3, rétention de 73 %). Nous avons utilisé des modèles à décalage croisé pour analyser les données. Chez les jeunes neurodivergents, davantage de symptômes anxieux à T1 et T2 prédisaient davantage de symptômes dépressifs à T2 et T3. Les symptômes anxieux antérieurs étaient associés à des symptômes dépressifs ultérieurs, même après prise en compte des effets autorégressifs des symptômes dépressifs. Les résultats sont cohérents avec un modèle prodromique selon lequel les symptômes anxieux peuvent, indépendamment, présager l'émergence de symptômes dépressifs au cours du développement chez les jeunes neurodivergents. Potentiellement, la prise en charge des symptômes anxieux chez les jeunes autistes ou atteints de TDAH pourrait jouer un rôle dans la prévention de l'apparition de la dépression chez les jeunes.

Abstract Neurodivergent youth often experience anxiety and depressive symptoms that may hamper adaptive functioning and well-being. There is little knowledge of how anxiety and depression are related in neurodivergent youth. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms is uni- or bidirectional in neurodiverse youth. We assessed self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms over time in 173 youth (M baseline age = 11.7 years, SD = 2.1, 64% males, 36% females). The sample comprised 38 autistic youth, 85 youth diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 50 comparison youth assessed at baseline (T1), 2-year follow-up (T2, 97% retention), and 10-year follow-up (T3, 73% retention). We used cross-lagged models to analyze the data. In neurodivergent youth, more anxiety symptoms at T1 and T2 predicted more depressive symptoms at T2 and T3. Preceding anxiety symptoms were linked with later depressive symptoms, even after accounting for autoregressive effects of depressive symptoms. The results are consistent with a prodromal model in which anxiety symptoms can independently foreshadow the emergence of depressive symptoms over the course of development among neurodivergent youth. Potentially, addressing anxiety symptoms among youth with autism or ADHD could play a role in preventing the onset of youth depression.

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Références citées
84
Avec un DOI
72
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
8
3 / 84 (3,6 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
8 / 84 (9,5 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
78 / 84 (92,9 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
6
Sans titre structuré
8
Sans identifiant stable
8
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
6
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
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Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
315
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
315
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
10
70 / 315 (22,2 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 245 / 315 (77,8 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
3 / 315 (1,0 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 3 / 70 (4,3 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 1 / 278 (0,4 %).
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