Qui passe a cote de l'essentiel ? Commentaire sur les affirmations selon lesquelles les personnes autistes presentent un deficit specifique de la comprehension du langage figure

Titre original en anglais : Who's Missing the Point? A Commentary on Claims that Autistic Persons Have a Specific Deficit in Figurative Language Comprehension

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Gernsbacher, M. A. & Pripas-Kapit, S. (2012). Who's Missing the Point? A Commentary on Claims that Autistic Persons Have a Specific Deficit in Figurative Language Comprehension. Metaphor and Symbol, 27(1), 93-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2012.656255

Publication date: 01/01/2012 Ajout dans AutiHub: 16/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
2
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 2 (50,0 %)
  1. Morton Ann Gernsbacher
  2. Sarah Pripas-Kapit *

Résumé

C'est devenu une caricature des personnes autistes de dire qu'elles ne comprennent pas le langage figure. Malgre des preuves empiriques du contraire, trois des quatre contributions a ce numero special approuvent ce stereotype sans le remettre en question. Et les quatre contributions attribuent ce suppose deficit a des erreurs de raisonnement encore plus fragiles, telles que l'affirmation controversee selon laquelle les personnes autistes manquent d'empathie ou d'une « theorie de l'esprit ». Dans ce commentaire, nous commençons par examiner la litterature de maniere plus exhaustive que les autres contributions, et nous soulignons un point qu'elles ont manque : les personnes autistes sont susceptibles d'avoir des difficultes a comprendre le langage figure si elles ont egalement des difficultes a comprendre le langage en general. Il ne semble pas exister de deficit specifique du langage figure propre a l'autisme. Nous abordons egalement l'affirmation selon laquelle les personnes autistes manquent d'empathie. Et nous remettons en question l'existence d'une « aire de la theorie de l'esprit », tout en demontrant les ecueils qui piegent les chercheurs lorsqu'ils s'efforcent d'interpreter les differences entre l'activite cerebrale autiste et non autiste comme etant uniquement des deficits autistes.

It's become a caricature of autistic persons that they don't understand figurative language. Despite empirical evidence to the contrary, three of the four contributions to this special issue endorse this stereotype without question. And all four contributions attribute this supposed deficit to even shakier fallacies, such as the controversial claim that autistic people lack empathy or a 'theory of mind.' In this commentary, we begin by reviewing the literature more exhaustively than the other contributions, and we highlight a point that they missed: Autistic persons are likely to have difficulty comprehending figurative language if they also have difficulty comprehending language in general. There doesn't seem to be a specific deficit in figurative language unique to autism. We also tackle the claim that autistic people lack empathy. And we question the existence of a 'theory of mind area,' while demonstrating the pitfalls that ensnarl researchers when they strain to interpret differences between autistic and non-autistic brain activity as solely autistic deficits.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 20/09/2026 01:01.

Références citées
104
Avec un DOI
88
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
9
2 / 104 (1,9 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
7 / 104 (6,7 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
101 / 104 (97,1 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
3
Sans titre structuré
7
Sans identifiant stable
9
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
1
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
313
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
313
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
64 / 313 (20,4 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 249 / 313 (79,6 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
2 / 313 (0,6 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 2 / 64 (3,1 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 2 / 251 (0,8 %).
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