Différences fondées sur le diagnostic et le sexe dans les symptômes de dépression chez les jeunes adolescents autistes et neurotypiques

Titre original en anglais : Diagnostic- and sex-based differences in depression symptoms in autistic and neurotypical early adolescents

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Schwartzman, J. M., Williams, Z. J., & Corbett, B. A. (2021). Diagnostic- and sex-based differences in depression symptoms in autistic and neurotypical early adolescents. Autism, 26(1), 256-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211025895

Date de publication: 26/06/2021 Ajout dans AutiHub: 07/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
3
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 3 (33,3 %)
  1. Jessica M. Schwartzman
  2. Zachary J. Williams *
  3. Blythe A. Corbett

Résumé

Les taux de prévalence de la dépression sont plus élevés chez les jeunes autistes que chez leurs pairs neurotypiques, mais les effets du diagnostic de trouble du spectre de l'autisme et du sexe sur la sévérité des symptômes dépressifs restent insuffisamment compris, particulièrement dans des groupes d'âge spécifiques. À l'aide du Children’s Depression Inventory, Second Edition, cette étude a exploré les différences fondées sur le diagnostic et le sexe dans la sévérité des symptômes dépressifs dans un échantillon de 212 jeunes adolescents autistes et neurotypiques (10:0–13:5 ans). Des différences significatives entre les groupes ont été constatées selon le diagnostic de trouble du spectre de l'autisme [d = 0.587, intervalle de confiance à 95 % (0.308, 0.867)] et le sexe [d = 0.365, intervalle de confiance à 95 % (0.089, 0.641)], avec davantage de symptômes dépressifs rapportés dans les groupes présentant un trouble du spectre de l'autisme et de sexe féminin. Toutefois, l'interaction entre le diagnostic et le sexe n'était pas significative, ce qui suggère un risque additif associé au statut de trouble du spectre de l'autisme et au sexe féminin. Les analyses au niveau des items ont montré des différences diagnostiques pour près de la moitié des items du CDI-2, avec une sévérité plus élevée dans le groupe présentant un trouble du spectre de l'autisme (plage de Probabilité de supériorité = 0.42–0.65), des différences au sein des sexes et des différences selon le diagnostic, qui persistaient lorsque les analyses étaient limitées aux enfants présentant des niveaux élevés de symptômes dépressifs. Une compréhension plus nuancée de la déclaration des symptômes et des rôles du diagnostic et du sexe pourrait révéler des cibles d'intervention saillantes pour la dépression dans le contexte particulier du trouble du spectre de l'autisme. Résumé grand public La dépression est plus fréquente chez les adolescents autistes que chez leurs pairs neurotypiques, mais les effets du diagnostic et du sexe sur la sévérité et les types de symptômes dépressifs restent peu clairs. L'étude a exploré les différences fondées sur le diagnostic et le sexe dans les symptômes dépressifs chez 212 jeunes adolescents autistes et neurotypiques. Les résultats montrent que le trouble du spectre de l'autisme et le sexe féminin peuvent présenter des risques élevés, et que les symptômes dépressifs liés aux problèmes interpersonnels et à une faible estime de soi sont plus fréquents dans le trouble du spectre de l'autisme. Les garçons et les filles autistes ont rapporté une sévérité et un type similaires de symptômes dépressifs, mais des différences particulières sont apparues lorsqu'ils ont été comparés à des pairs neurotypiques de même sexe. Des analyses exploratoires dans un sous-échantillon clinique de jeunes adolescents présentant des symptômes dépressifs élevés (Children’s Depression Inventory, Second Edition, score T total ⩾60) ont révélé une plus grande déclaration de croyances de manque de valeur personnelle chez les jeunes adolescents autistes. Les résultats suggèrent des cibles initiales d'intervention pour traiter la dépression chez les jeunes adolescents autistes.

Prevalence rates of depression are higher in autistic youth than neurotypical peers, yet the effects of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and sex on depressive symptom severity remain incompletely understood, particularly in specific age groups. Using the Children’s Depression Inventory, Second Edition, this study explored diagnostic- and sex-based differences in depressive symptom severity in a sample of 212 autistic and neurotypical early adolescents (10:0–13:5 years). Significant group differences were found according to autism spectrum disorder diagnosis [ d = 0.587, 95% confidence interval (0.308, 0.867)] and sex [ d = 0.365, 95% confidence interval (0.089, 0.641)], with more depressive symptoms endorsed in the autism spectrum disorder and female groups. However, the interaction of diagnosis and sex was not significant, suggesting an additive risk of autism spectrum disorder status and female sex. Item-level analyses showed diagnostic differences on nearly half of the CDI-2 items with higher severity in the autism spectrum disorder group (Probability of Superiority range = 0.42–0.65), differences within the sexes, and differences by diagnosis, which persisted when limiting analyses to children with high levels of depressive symptoms. A more nuanced understanding of symptom endorsement and the roles of diagnosis and sex may uncover salient intervention targets for depression in the unique context of autism spectrum disorder. Lay abstract Depression is more common in autistic adolescents than their neurotypical peers, but the effects of diagnosis and sex on the severity and types of depressive symptoms remain unclear. The study explored diagnostic- and sex-based differences in depressive symptoms in 212 autistic and neurotypical early adolescents. Results show that autism spectrum disorder and female may pose elevated risks, and depressive symptoms related to interpersonal problems and negative self-esteem are more frequent in autism spectrum disorder. Autistic males and females endorsed similar severity and type of depressive symptoms, but unique differences emerged when compared to sex-matched neurotypical peers. Exploratory analyses in a clinical subsample of early adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms (Children’s Depression Inventory, Second Edition, Total T -score ⩾60) revealed more endorsement of beliefs of worthlessness in autistic early adolescents. Findings suggest initial intervention targets for treating depression in autistic early adolescents.

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Références citées
92
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
2 / 92 (2,2 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 395 (0,5 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 2 / 84 (2,4 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 2 / 360 (0,6 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
84 / 395 (21,3 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 64 / 360 (17,8 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
82 / 84 (97,6 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 82 / 395 (20,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 62 / 64 (96,9 %).
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