Différences dans la pensée en cours entre adultes autistes et non autistes

Titre original en anglais : Differences in ongoing thought between autistic and non-autistic adults

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

À propos de la mention auteur·ice autiste

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Strawson, W. H., Mckeown, B., Quadt, L., Wang, H. T., Larrson, D. E. O., Mulcahy, J. S., Silva, M., Kampoureli, C., Turnbull, A., Garfinkel, S. N., Smallwood, J., & Critchley, H. D. (2024). Differences in ongoing thought between autistic and non-autistic adults. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 29236-29236. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78286-6

Date de publication: 25/11/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 25/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
12
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 12 (8,3 %)
  1. Will H. Strawson
  2. Brontë Mckeown
  3. Lisa Quadt *
  4. Hao-Ting Wang
  1. Dennis E. O. Larrson
  2. James S. Mulcahy
  3. Marta Silva
  4. Christina Kampoureli
  1. Adam Turnbull
  2. Sarah N. Garfinkel
  3. Jonathan Smallwood
  4. Hugo D. Critchley

Résumé

Les personnes autistes peuvent se distinguer des individus non autistes par le contenu et la modalité de leurs pensées. De telles différences sous-tendent potentiellement à la fois une vulnérabilité psychologique et des forces, ce qui motive la nécessité de mieux comprendre les schémas de pensée autistes. Chez des étudiants de premier cycle non cliniques, une étude récente a révélé que les traits autistiques étaient associés au fait de penser davantage en mots qu'en images. Cependant, on ne sait pas clairement si de telles différences de pensée sont présentes chez des individus autistes diagnostiqués cliniquement. La présente étude a appliqué les mêmes méthodes (échantillonnage multidimensionnel de l'expérience pendant une tâche N-back) afin d'examiner la pensée en cours chez des adultes autistes et non autistes. Nous avons constaté que les individus autistes présentaient moins de variabilité dans la modalité de leurs pensées entre des contextes de tâche faciles et difficiles. Bien que les participants non autistes et autistes aient tous deux eu tendance à déclarer penser davantage en mots durant le contexte de tâche difficile, la différence entre les conditions était significativement plus faible pour le groupe autiste. En outre, les individus autistes présentaient un couplage plus faible entre la performance à la tâche et la pensée sociale hors tâche, un résultat qui pourrait être lié à des différences dans le traitement social durant l'état hors tâche. Dans l'ensemble, nos résultats fournissent une réplication clinique et une extension de travaux antérieurs, mettant en évidence les effets différentiels d'un changement du contexte externe sur les états mentaux internes dans l'autisme.

Autistic people may be distinguishable from non-autistic individuals in the content and modality of their thoughts. Such differences potentially underlie both psychological vulnerability and strengths, motivating the need to better understand autistic thought patterns. In non-clinical undergraduates, a recent study found that autistic traits were associated with thinking more in words than images. However, it is unclear whether such differences in thought are present in clinically diagnosed autistic individuals. The current study applied the same methods (multidimensional experience sampling during an N-back task) to examine ongoing thought in autistic and non-autistic adults. We found that autistic individuals showed less variability in the modality of their thoughts between easy and difficult task contexts. While both non-autistic and autistic participants tended to report thinking more in words during the difficult task context, the difference between conditions was significantly smaller for the autistic group. In addition, autistic individuals showed a weaker coupling between task performance and off-task social thinking, a finding that may be related to differences in social processing during the off-task state. Overall, our results provide a clinical replication and extension of previous work, highlighting the differential effects of changing external context on internal mental states in autism.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

Les références citées sont importées depuis des sources externes de métadonnées lorsqu’elles sont disponibles. La liste peut être partielle.

Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 01:01.

Références citées
102
Avec un DOI
94
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
8
3 / 102 (2,9 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
8 / 102 (7,8 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
98 / 102 (96,1 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
4
Sans titre structuré
8
Sans identifiant stable
8
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
4
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
432
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
432
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
4
118 / 432 (27,3 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 314 / 432 (72,7 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
3 / 432 (0,7 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 3 / 118 (2,5 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 2 / 326 (0,6 %).
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