Différences entre les sexes dans les trajectoires de problèmes intériorisés chez les jeunes autistes et non autistes au cours de l’enfance et de l’adolescence

Titre original en anglais : Sex differences in internalising problem trajectories of autistic and non-autistic youth across childhood and adolescence

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Suominen, E., Zahir, R., Hampton, S., Cooper, K., Midouhas, E., Flouri, E., Saunders, R., & Mandy, W. (2025). Sex differences in internalising problem trajectories of autistic and non-autistic youth across childhood and adolescence. Journal of Affective Disorders, 394(Pt B), 120678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.120678

Publication date: 16/11/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 15/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 8 (12,5 %)
  1. Elna Suominen
  2. Reesha Zahir
  3. Sarah Hampton *
  4. Kate Cooper
  1. Emily Midouhas
  2. Eirini Flouri
  3. Rob Saunders
  4. Will Mandy

Résumé

CONTEXTE : Les enfants et adolescents autistes connaissent des taux élevés de problèmes intériorisés tels que l’anxiété et la dépression. Dans la population générale, les filles et adolescentes présentent généralement des trajectoires plus élevées de symptômes intériorisés, mais les différences entre les sexes chez les jeunes autistes restent peu connues. Cette étude a examiné les différences entre les sexes dans l’évolution développementale des symptômes intériorisés chez les jeunes autistes et non autistes au cours de l’enfance et de l’adolescence. MÉTHODES : Les participants comprenaient des personnes autistes (n = 573) et non autistes (n = 15 945) issues de la Millennium Cohort Study. Les symptômes intériorisés ont été évalués à l’aide du Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire renseigné par les parents à six moments de mesure (âges de 3 à 17 ans). La modélisation des courbes de croissance latentes (LGCM) a été utilisée pour modéliser les trajectoires, et les facteurs de croissance ont fait l’objet de régressions sur le diagnostic d’autisme, le sexe et leur interaction. En outre, des LGCM distincts ont été ajustés aux groupes d’hommes et de femmes autistes et non autistes afin de décrire les trajectoires d’intériorisation. RÉSULTATS : Le diagnostic d’autisme était associé à des symptômes intériorisés initiaux plus élevés et à des augmentations plus marquées au fil du temps. Le sexe féminin était associé à des augmentations plus marquées des symptômes intériorisés, malgré des niveaux initiaux légèrement plus faibles. L’interaction entre le sexe et le diagnostic d’autisme n’était pas statistiquement significative, ce qui n’indique aucun effet combiné supplémentaire sur les trajectoires. Dans l’ensemble, les jeunes autistes présentaient des trajectoires d’intériorisation plus élevées que les jeunes non autistes, les différences entre les groupes apparaissant plus tôt chez les garçons (à 7 ans) que chez les filles (à 11 ans). CONCLUSION : Cette étude a montré que les différences entre les sexes dans les trajectoires développementales des problèmes intériorisés chez les jeunes autistes sont parallèles à celles observées dans la population générale, mais avec une sévérité accrue.

BACKGROUND: Autistic children and adolescents experience high rates of internalising problems such as anxiety and depression. In the general population, female children and adolescents typically show higher trajectories of internalising symptoms - but little is known about sex differences among autistic youth. This study examined sex differences in the developmental course of internalising symptoms among autistic and non-autistic youth across childhood and adolescence. METHODS: Participants included autistic (n = 573) and non-autistic (n = 15,945) individuals from the Millennium Cohort Study. Internalising symptoms were assessed via parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at six timepoints (ages 3-17). Latent Growth Curve Modelling (LGCM) was used to model trajectories, and growth factors were regressed onto autism diagnosis, sex, and their interaction. Additionally, separate LGCMs were fitted to autistic and non-autistic male and female groups to describe internalising trajectories. RESULTS: Autism diagnosis was associated with higher baseline internalising symptoms and steeper increases over time. Female sex was linked to steeper increases in internalising symptoms, despite slightly lower initial levels. The interaction between sex and autism diagnosis was not statistically significant, indicating no additional combined effect on trajectories. Overall, autistic youth had higher internalising trajectories than non-autistic youth, with group differences emerging earlier in males (age 7) than females (age 11). CONCLUSION: This study showed that that sex differences in developmental trajectories of internalising problems among autistic youth parallel those seen in the general population, but with increased severity.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

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Références citées
88
Avec un DOI
78
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
10
3 / 88 (3,4 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
1 / 88 (1,1 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
88 / 88 (100,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
0
Sans titre structuré
1
Sans identifiant stable
10
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
396
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
396
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
114 / 396 (28,8 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 282 / 396 (71,2 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
3 / 396 (0,8 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 3 / 114 (2,6 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 3 / 342 (0,9 %).
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