Les comorbidités de l’autisme présentent des rapports de cotes femmes-hommes élevés et sont associées à l’âge du premier diagnostic d’autisme

Titre original en anglais : Autism comorbidities show elevated female‐to‐male odds ratios and are associated with the age of first autism diagnosis

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Rødgaard, E. M., Jensen, K., Miskowiak, K. W., & Mottron, L. (2021). Autism comorbidities show elevated female‐to‐male odds ratios and are associated with the age of first autism diagnosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 144(5), 475-486. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13345

Publication date: 06/07/2021 Ajout dans AutiHub: 15/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Eya-Mist Rødgaard *
  2. Kristian Jensen
  3. Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
  4. Laurent Mottron

Résumé

Résumé Objectif Étudier l’association entre les taux de comorbidité dans l’autisme et le sexe, l’année de naissance et l’âge auquel l’autisme a été diagnostiqué pour la première fois, et comparer l’impact relatif de chacun. Méthode À l’aide du Registre national danois des patients, les incidences cumulées jusqu’à l’âge de 16 ans pour 11 affections comorbides (psychose, troubles affectifs, troubles anxieux, trouble des conduites, troubles alimentaires, trouble obsessionnel-compulsif, trouble déficitaire de l’attention avec hyperactivité, épilepsie, troubles de tics, troubles du sommeil ou déficience intellectuelle) ont été calculées pour des personnes avec autisme (N = 16 126) et des personnes sans autisme (N = 654 977). Les personnes ont ensuite été stratifiées selon l’âge au premier diagnostic d’autisme, et les diagnostics comorbides jusqu’à l’âge de 16 ans ont été comparés. Résultats La plupart des comorbidités étaient significativement associées à l’année de naissance et au sexe. Les rapports de cotes femmes-hommes pour 8 des 11 affections comorbides étaient jusqu’à 67 % plus élevés que les rapports de cotes correspondants dans la population sans autisme, y compris pour des affections généralement plus fréquentes chez les hommes que chez les femmes ainsi que pour des affections plus fréquentes chez les femmes. Tous les taux de comorbidité étaient significativement associés à l’âge au premier diagnostic d’autisme, lequel était un prédicteur plus fort que le sexe et l’année de naissance pour 8 affections. Conclusions Les taux de comorbidité chez les femmes dépassent ce qui serait attendu sur la base des rapports entre les sexes parmi les personnes non autistes, ce qui indique que l’association entre l’autisme et la comorbidité est plus forte chez les femmes. Les taux de comorbidité dépendent également fortement de l’âge au premier diagnostic d’autisme, ce qui peut contribuer à l’hétérogénéité de l’autisme dans la recherche et la pratique clinique.

Abstract Objective To investigate the association between the comorbidity rates in autism and sex, birth year and the age at which autism was first diagnosed and compare the relative impact of each. Method Using the Danish National Patient Registry, cumulative incidences up to the age of 16 for 11 comorbid conditions (psychosis, affective disorders, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, eating disorders, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, tic disorders, sleep disorders or intellectual disability) were calculated for individuals with autism (N = 16,126) and non‐autism individuals (N = 654,977). Individuals were further stratified based on the age at the first autism diagnoses and comorbid diagnoses up to the age of 16 were compared. Results Most comorbidities were significantly associated with birth year and sex. Female/male odds ratios for 8 of 11 comorbid conditions were up to 67% higher than the corresponding odds ratios in the non‐autism population, including conditions that are generally more common in males than in females as well as conditions that are more common in females. All comorbidity rates were significantly associated with the age at the first autism diagnosis, which was a stronger predictor than sex and birth year for 8 conditions. Conclusions Comorbidity rates for females exceed what would be expected based on the sex ratios among non‐autistic individuals, indicating that the association between autism and comorbidity is stronger in females. Comorbidity rates are also highly dependent on the age at the first autism diagnosis, which may contribute to autism heterogeneity in research and clinical practice.

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Références citées
57
Avec un DOI
56
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
1
3 / 57 (5,3 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
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0 / 57 (0,0 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
57 / 57 (100,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
0
Sans titre structuré
0
Sans identifiant stable
1
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
374
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
374
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
71 / 374 (19,0 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 303 / 374 (81,0 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
3 / 374 (0,8 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 3 / 71 (4,2 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 2 / 342 (0,6 %).
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