Understanding healthcare professionals’ experiences supporting Autistic people in perinatal care: A qualitative study

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. four authors of this publication are identified as autistic in the project.

About the autistic author marker

Love, A., Edwards, C., Rideout, B., Hollenberg, L., Clapham, H., Wiltshire, G. E., Robinson, A., Cai, R. Y., Benzie, C., Rabba, A. S., & gibbs, v. (2026). Understanding healthcare professionals’ experiences supporting Autistic people in perinatal care: A qualitative study. Midwifery, 160, 104868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2026.104868

Publication date: 25 May 2026 Added to AutiHub: 5 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
11
Publication authors identified as autistic
4 / 11 (36.4%)

Abstract

PROBLEM: Autistic individuals face disproportionately poor outcomes during the perinatal period. BACKGROUND: Lived experience accounts highlight that challenges in interactions with healthcare professionals can reduce birth satisfaction and contribute to traumatic experiences, revealing significant gaps in current perinatal care for this population; yet few studies have explored the experiences of healthcare workers providing this care in Australia. Understanding clinicians' perspectives is essential to inform targeted training, improve care practices, and promote better outcomes for Autistic people during pregnancy and early parenthood. AIM: This study explored, through qualitative analysis, the experiences of Australian perinatal healthcare clinicians providing care for Autistic individuals, during pregnancy and early parenthood. METHODS: Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted on interview and focus group data of 13 perinatal professionals from diverse roles within perinatal healthcare. FINDINGS: Three key themes were created, highlighting the need for targeted training and systemic changes, alongside evidence that professionals often relied on personal experience when formal training was lacking. DISCUSSION: These findings are consistent with international research on perinatal care for Autistic people, but this study is the first to directly examine the perspectives of Australian clinicians, providing unique insights into local practice and challenges that can be leveraged to make systemic change. CONCLUSION: Despite systemic and cultural barriers, Australian perinatal healthcare professionals demonstrate strong commitment to providing individualized, person-centred care for Autistic individuals during pregnancy and early parenthood.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 13:57.

Cited references
37
With a DOI
34
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
3
9 / 37 (24.3%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 37 (2.7%)
References with detected author names
36 / 37 (97.3%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
0
Without a stable identifier
3
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
210
From DOI or external metadata
210
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
95 / 210 (45.2%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 115 / 210 (54.8%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
24 / 210 (11.4%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 24 / 95 (25.3%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 18 / 187 (9.6%).
  1. Virginia Braun , Victoria Clarke (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology . Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. Informa UK Limited.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  2. González Moreno, Andrés Santiago (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . American Psychiatric Association.
    Crossref
  3. Ligia Antezana , Angela Scarpa , Andrew Valdespino , Jordan Albright , John A. Richey (2017). Rural Trends in Diagnosis and Services for Autism Spectrum Disorder . Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 590. Frontiers Media SA.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  4. Samuel R. C. Arnold , Georgia Bruce , Janelle Weise , Caroline J Mills , Julian Trollor , Kristy Coxon (2024). Barriers to healthcare for Australian autistic adults . Autism, 28(2), 301-315. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  5. Meng-Chuan Lai , Simon Baron-Cohen (2015). Identifying the lost generation of adults with autism spectrum conditions . The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(11), 1013. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  6. (2022). Disability, Ageing and Carers, Australia: Summary of Findings .
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  7. Charlie Benzie , Michelle Newton , Della Forster , Helen McLachlan (2023). How are women with a disability identified in maternity services in Australia? A cross-sectional survey of maternity managers . Women and Birth, 36(1), e161-e168. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  8. Monika Mitra , Lauren D. Smith , Suzanne C. Smeltzer , Linda M. Long-Bellil , Nechama Sammet Moring , Lisa I. Iezzoni (2017). Barriers to providing maternity care to women with physical disabilities: Perspectives from health care practitioners . Disability and Health Journal, 10(3), 445-450. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  9. Charlie Benzie , Helen McLachlan , Della Forster , Michelle Newton (2023). Exploring disability prevalence among childbearing women attending a tertiary maternity service in Melbourne, Australia using an audit and cross-sectional survey . Midwifery, 122, 103697. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  10. Rachel Loomes , Laura Hull , Will Mandy (2017). What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(6), 466-474. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  11. Laura Hull , Meng-Chuan Lai , Simon Baron-Cohen , Carrie T. Allison , P. Smith , K.V. Petrides et al. (2020). Gender differences in self-reported camouflaging in autistic and non-autistic adults . Autism, 24(2), 352-363. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  12. Kirsten Corden , Rebecca Brewer , Eilidh Cage (2022). A systematic review of healthcare professionals’ knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes towards working with autistic people . Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9(3), 386. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Crossref
  13. Alison Jayne Doherty , Helen Atherton , Paul Boland , Richard P. Hastings , Lucy Hives , Kerry Hood et al. (2020). Barriers and facilitators to primary health care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: an integrative review . BJGP Open, 4(3), bjgpopen20X101030. Royal College of General Practitioners.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  14. Chloe Walsh , Sinéad Lydon , Emily O’Dowd , Paul O’Connor (2020). Barriers to Healthcare for Persons with Autism: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Development of A Taxonomy . Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 23(7), 413-430. Informa UK Limited.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  15. Tamara May , Amanda Brignell , Katrina Williams (2020). Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence in Children Aged 12–13 Years From the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children . Autism Research, 13(5), 821-827. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.2286 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3010379216
    Crossref OpenAlex
  16. Georgia Lockwood Estrin , Victoria Milner , Debbie Spain , Francesca Happé , Emma Colvert (2021). Barriers to Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis for Young Women and Girls: a Systematic Review . Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 8(4), 454-470. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  17. Charlotte Grahame , Andrew R. Thompson , Megan Freeth (2026). “A Wild and Inaccessible Place”: The Lived Experiences of Autistic Pregnancy and Birth . Autism in Adulthood, 8(3), 457-467. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  18. Elizabeth Weir , Carrie T. Allison , Simon Baron-Cohen (2022). Autistic adults have poorer quality healthcare and worse health based on self-report data . Molecular Autism, 13(1), 23. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  19. Sarah Murphy , Rebecca L. Flower , Rachel Jellett (2023). Women seeking an autism diagnosis in Australia: A qualitative exploration of factors that help and hinder . Autism, 27(3), 808-821. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  20. International Pty Ltd (2018). NVivo Qualitative Data Analysis software. Version 12 .
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  21. Love (2025). Stories of competence, challenges, and coping: the experiences of Australian autistic people during pregnancy and early parenthood . Autism. Adulthood..
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  22. Laura Moore , Sarah Foley , Fionnuala Larkin (2025). Understanding the experiences of receiving and providing maternity care for autistic adults: A Multi-perspectival Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis study . Autism, 29(2), 435-446. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  23. Maryse Pagnier , Mona Moualla (2026). The Autistic Parenting Journey: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence and Thematic Meta-Synthesis . Autism in Adulthood, 8(4), 571-592. SAGE Publications.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  24. Kelly A. Shaw , Susan Williams , Mary E. Patrick , Miguel Valencia-Prado , Maureen S. Durkin , Ellen M. Howerton et al. (2025). Prevalence and Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 4 and 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 16 Sites, United States, 2022 . MMWR. Surveillance Summaries, 74(2), 1-22. Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  25. Elizabeth O'Nions , Irene Petersen , Joshua E.J. Buckman , Rebecca A. Charlton , Claudia Cooper , Anne Corbett et al. (2023). Autism in England: assessing underdiagnosis in a population-based cohort study of prospectively collected primary care data . The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 29, 100626. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref
  26. Megan R. Pohlmann , Patrick L. Hill (2025). Scoping review of neurodiversity in nursing workplaces . Research in Neurodiversity, 1, 100007. Elsevier BV.
    Crossref OpenAlex
  27. Lucy Smith , Jennifer Kirton , Helen West , Leanne Jackson , Katie Herron , Mary Gemma Cherry (2026). The interpersonal experiences of autistic women and birthing people in the perinatal period: a systematic review using the autistic SPACE framework . Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 44(1), 4. Informa UK Limited.
    Crossref
  28. Jonathan Vincent , Lisa Harkry , Lorna G. Hamilton (2024). Creating a diversity climate in the workplace: A mixed methods study into knowledge of autism and attitudes toward hiring autistic people in the United Kingdom . Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 61(2), 1-12. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3233/jvr-240039
    Crossref