Differences entre les sexes chez les adultes autistes : une étude préliminaire montrant des différences de mentalisation, mais pas de cohérence narrative

Titre original en anglais : Sex differences in autistic adults: A preliminary study showing differences in mentalizing, but not in narrative coherence

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Bylemans, T., Heleven, E., Asselman, E., Baetens, K., Deroost, N., Baeken, C., & Van Overwalle, F. (2023). Sex differences in autistic adults: A preliminary study showing differences in mentalizing, but not in narrative coherence. Acta Psychologica, 236, Article 103918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103918

Date de publication: 16/04/2023 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/10/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
7
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 7 (14,3 %)
  1. Tom Bylemans
  2. Elien Heleven
  3. Emma Asselman *
  4. Kris Baetens
  1. Natacha Deroost
  2. Chris Baeken
  3. Frank Van Overwalle

Résumé

L'étude de l'autisme peut être une entreprise complexe en raison de son hétérogénéité clinique. On sait actuellement peu de choses sur les différences potentielles entre les sexes chez les adultes autistes, en particulier en ce qui concerne la mentalisation et la cohérence narrative. Dans cette étude, des participants masculins et féminins ont raconté une histoire personnelle portant sur l'un de leurs événements de vie les plus positifs et les plus négatifs et ont effectué deux tâches de mentalisation. L'une de ces tâches de mentalisation était une tâche récemment développée de séquençage d'images et verbal, qui a montré un recrutement cérébelleux et qui exige une mentalisation dans un contexte séquentiel (c'est-à-dire que les participants ont ordonné chronologiquement des scénarios nécessitant une mentalisation des croyances vraies et fausses). Notre comparaison préliminaire montre que les hommes étaient plus rapides et plus précis dans la tâche de séquençage d'images que les participantes lorsqu'ils ordonnaient des séquences impliquant de fausses croyances, mais non de vraies croyances. Aucune différence entre les sexes n'a été constatée pour les autres tâches de mentalisation et narratives. Ces résultats soulignent l'importance d'examiner les différences entre les sexes chez les adultes autistes et fournissent une explication possible des différences liées au sexe dans les fonctions de mentalisation de la vie quotidienne, ce qui suggère la nécessité d'un diagnostic plus sensible et d'un soutien adapté.

Studying autism might be a complex endeavor due to its clinical heterogeneity. Little is currently known about potential sex differences in autistic adults, especially regarding mentalizing and narrative coherence. In this study, male and female participants told a personal story about one of their most positive and most negative life events and performed two mentalizing tasks. One of these mentalizing tasks was a recently developed Picture and Verbal Sequencing task that has shown cerebellar recruitment, and which requires mentalizing in a sequential context (i.e., participants chronologically ordered scenarios that required true and false belief mentalizing). Our preliminary comparison shows that males were faster and more accurate on the Picture Sequencing task compared to female participants when ordering sequences involving false beliefs, but not true beliefs. No sex differences were found for the other mentalizing and narrative tasks. These results highlight the importance of looking at sex differences in autistic adults and provide a possible explanation for sex-related differences in daily life mentalizing functions, which suggest a need for more sensitive diagnosis and tailored support.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 17/10/2026 01:28.

Références citées
100
Avec un DOI
94
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
5
4 / 100 (4,0 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
2 / 100 (2,0 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
98 / 100 (98,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
2
Sans titre structuré
1
Sans identifiant stable
5
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
1
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
486
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
486
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
129 / 486 (26,5 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 357 / 486 (73,5 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
4 / 486 (0,8 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 4 / 129 (3,1 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 4 / 402 (1,0 %).
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