Prévalence de l’autisme et intersectionnalité du sexe assigné à la naissance, de la race et de l’origine ethnique quant à l’âge du diagnostic

Titre original en anglais : Autism Prevalence and the Intersectionality of Assigned Sex at Birth, Race, and Ethnicity on Age of Diagnosis

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Goldblum, J., McFayden, T., Bristol, S., Putnam, O., Wylie, A., & Harrop, C. (2023). Autism Prevalence and the Intersectionality of Assigned Sex at Birth, Race, and Ethnicity on Age of Diagnosis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54(10), 3777-3791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06104-5

Date de publication: 16/08/2023 Ajout dans AutiHub: 27/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
6
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 6 (16,7 %)
  1. Jessica Goldblum
  2. Tyler McFayden
  3. Stephanie Bristol
  1. Orla Putnam *
  2. Amanda Wylie
  3. Clare Harrop

Résumé

OBJECTIF : Un diagnostic officiel d’autisme est nécessaire pour accéder à une intervention en temps opportun et est associé à un meilleur bien-être et une meilleure santé mentale à long terme. Certaines caractéristiques démographiques, telles que le fait d’être de sexe féminin ou un jeune issu d’une minorité raciale ou ethnique, ont été associées à un retard diagnostique important. Cependant, la manière dont le sexe assigné, la race et l’origine ethnique interagissent pour prédire la prévalence et l’âge du diagnostic d’autisme demeure incertaine. MÉTHODES : Afin d’examiner les interactions entre le sexe assigné, la race et l’origine ethnique, nous avons utilisé les données de la National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH ; 2016 > 2021). RÉSULTATS : Un enfant sur 38 avait un diagnostic d’autisme et 3,8 garçons étaient diagnostiqués pour 1 fille. Des régressions linéaires hiérarchiques ont mis en évidence des retards diagnostiques chez certaines filles, en particulier celles qui étaient blanches non hispaniques, noires et asiatiques. Les enfants issus de minorités ethniques et raciales avaient des diagnostics significativement plus précoces que les enfants blancs et non hispaniques lorsque le sexe n’était pas pris en compte. CONCLUSION : Cette étude montre de légères augmentations de la prévalence déclarée de l’autisme, un retard diagnostique chez certaines femmes autistes fortement associé à l’origine ethnique, et des diagnostics plus précoces chez les jeunes issus de minorités raciales et ethniques, constat qui peut s’expliquer par des facteurs associés à des différences phénotypiques. Cette étude a des implications importantes pour le diagnostic des jeunes autistes issus de minorités, en particulier les femmes et les femmes non hispaniques, qui peuvent présenter une plus grande propension aux retards diagnostiques.

PURPOSE: An official autism diagnosis is required to access timely intervention and is associated with better long-term wellbeing and mental health. Certain demographic characteristics, such as being female or a racially or ethnically minoritized youth, have been associated with significant diagnostic lag. However, it remains unclear how assigned sex, race, and ethnicity interact with each other in predicting the prevalence and age of autism diagnosis. METHODS: To examine the interactions between assigned sex, race, and ethnicity, we used data from the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH; 2016 > 2021). RESULTS: One in 38 children had an autism diagnosis and 3.8 males were diagnosed per 1 female. Hierarchical linear regressions yielded diagnostic delays in some females, particularly those who were non-Hispanic white, Black, and Asian. Ethnic and racial minority children had significantly earlier diagnoses than white and non-Hispanic children when not accounting for sex. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates slight increases in reported autism prevalence, a diagnostic lag in some autistic females that was strongly associated with ethnicity, and earlier diagnoses in racial and ethnic minority youth, a finding that may be explained by factors associated with phenotypic differences. This study has important implications for the diagnosis of minority autistic youth, particularly females and females who are non-Hispanic, who may experience a greater propensity for diagnostic delays.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 01:01.

Références citées
63
Avec un DOI
60
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
3
3 / 63 (4,8 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
5 / 63 (7,9 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
61 / 63 (96,8 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
2
Sans titre structuré
5
Sans identifiant stable
3
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
2
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
479
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
479
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
2
93 / 479 (19,4 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 386 / 479 (80,6 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
5 / 479 (1,0 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 5 / 93 (5,4 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 5 / 354 (1,4 %).
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