Sensibilité accrue aux informations visuelles de bas niveau dans l'autisme lors d'une tâche de clignement attentionnel émotionnel

Titre original en anglais : Heightened sensitivity to low-level visual information in autism during an emotional attentional blink task

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Lacroix, A., Gomot, M., Fombonne, M., Perrier, M. J. R., Peyrin, C., Vermeulen, N., Park, G., Dutheil, F., & Mermillod, M. (2020). Heightened sensitivity to low-level visual information in autism during an emotional attentional blink task [Preprint]. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-16508/v1

Date de publication: 10/03/2020 Ajout dans AutiHub: 09/08/2026 Type: Prépublication Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
9
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 9 (11,1 %)
  1. Adeline Lacroix *
  2. Marie Gomot
  3. Margot Fombonne
  4. Mickaël J. R. Perrier
  5. Carole Peyrin
  1. Nicolas Vermeulen
  2. Gewnhi Park
  3. Frédéric Dutheil
  4. Martial Mermillod

Résumé

Résumé Contexte Les altérations de la reconnaissance des émotions faciales constituent une caractéristique de l'autisme, ce qui peut contribuer aux difficultés d'engagement social et d'interaction interpersonnelle. L'altération de la reconnaissance des émotions faciales dans l'autisme pourrait être due en partie au biais perceptif asymétrique envers les informations de hautes fréquences spatiales (HSF) observé lors de la perception visuelle. Alors que les basses fréquences spatiales (LSF) transmettent des informations globales, qui seraient essentielles pour une analyse et une catégorisation rapides des visages émotionnels, les HSF transmettent des informations locales, qui peuvent jouer un rôle essentiel dans la conscience visuelle. Cependant, à notre connaissance, l'effet des HSF sur la conscience visuelle dans l'autisme n'a pas été spécifiquement étudié jusqu'à présent. Méthodes Trente-trois participants adultes autistes et 35 participants témoins au développement typique (TD) ont réalisé un paradigme de clignement attentionnel émotionnel. Les participants devaient identifier et rapporter deux cibles (visages heureux, T1 et T2) intégrées dans un flux de distracteurs (visages en colère). Les distracteurs entre T1 et T2 n'étaient pas filtrés ou étaient filtrés en HSF ou en LSF. Nous avons utilisé une ANOVA pour comparer l'impact des informations de fréquence spatiale sur la conscience visuelle dans les deux groupes de participants. Résultats Les participants témoins TD ont montré une exactitude de T2 significativement réduite (c'est-à-dire l'exactitude pour la seconde cible étant donné le rapport correct de la première cible T1) après des distracteurs non filtrés et HSF, comparativement aux distracteurs LSF. Comme prévu, une exactitude de T2 réduite a été observée après des distracteurs HSF dans le groupe autiste par rapport au groupe TD. Bien que nous ne l'ayons pas émis comme hypothèse, nous avons également observé une exactitude de T2 réduite après des distracteurs LSF dans le groupe autiste. L'exactitude ne différait pas entre les deux groupes concernant les distracteurs non filtrés. Limites Notre échantillon était adulte, à haut niveau de fonctionnement et principalement diagnostiqué tardivement. Par conséquent, nos résultats pourraient ne pas être généralisables à l'ensemble de la population autiste. Conclusion Les résultats confirment que les HSF jouent un rôle essentiel dans la conscience visuelle chez les participants TD comme chez les participants autistes. Plus important encore, les participants autistes ont démontré une détection altérée des cibles après des distracteurs filtrés, ce qui suggère qu'ils présentent une sensibilité accrue aux caractéristiques de bas niveau, telles que le filtrage des hautes et des basses fréquences spatiales. Ces résultats sont discutés dans le contexte de la théorie du fonctionnement perceptif amélioré et des cadres du codage prédictif.

Abstract Background Impairments in facial emotion recognition have been a hallmark of autism, which may contribute to the difficulty in social engagement and interpersonal interaction. Impaired facial emotion recognition in autism could be partly due to the asymmetrical perceptual bias to High Spatial Frequencies (HSF) information observed during visual perception. While Low Spatial Frequencies (LSF) convey coarse information, which would be critical for a fast analysis and categorization of emotional faces, HSF convey local information, which may serve a critical role in visual consciousness. However, to our knowledge, the effect of HSF on visual consciousness in autism has not been specifically studied so far. Methods Thirty-three adult autistic participants and 35 typically developing (TD) control participants performed an emotional attentional blink paradigm. Participants had to identify and report two targets (happy faces, T1 and T2) embedded in a stream of distractors (angry faces). The distractors between T1 and T2 were unfiltered or filtered in HSF or LSF. We used ANOVA to compare the impact of spatial frequency information on visual consciousness in the two groups of participants. Results TD control participants showed significantly reduced T2 accuracy (i.e., accuracy for the second target given the correct report of the first target T1) after unfiltered and HSF distractors compared to LSF distractors. As predicted, reduced T2 accuracy was observed after HSF distractors in the autistic group as compared to the TD group. Although we did not hypothesized, we also found reduced T2 accuracy after LSF distractors in the autistic group. The accuracy between the two groups did not differ regarding unfiltered distractors. Limitations Our sample was adult, high functioning and mainly late diagnosed. Therefore, our findings may not generalize to the whole autistic population. Conclusion Results confirm that HSF plays a critical role in visual consciousness in both TD and autistic participants. More importantly, autistic participants demonstrated impaired target detections after filtered distractors, suggesting that they have enhanced sensitivity for low-level characteristics, such as high and low spatial frequencies filtering. These findings are discussed in the context of the Enhanced Perceptual Functioning theory and predictive coding frameworks.

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Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
60
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
2 / 60 (3,3 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 245 (0,8 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 2 / 47 (4,3 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 1 / 227 (0,4 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
47 / 245 (19,2 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 38 / 227 (16,7 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
45 / 47 (95,7 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 45 / 245 (18,4 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 37 / 38 (97,4 %).
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